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Genetics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: From susceptibility and nutrient interactions to management

World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第20期8卷 827-837页

作者： Vishnubhotla Venkata Ravi Kanth Mitnala Sasikala Mithun Sharma Padaki nagaraja Rao Duvvuru Nageshwar Reddy Asian Healthcare Foundation a Research Wing of Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology

Genetics plays an important role in determining the susceptibility of an individual to develop a disease. Complex, multi factorial diseases of modern day(diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and obesity) are a result of disparity between the type of food consumed and genes, suggesting that food which does not match the host genes is probably one of the major reasons for developing life style diseases. Non-alcoholic fatty liver is becoming a global epidemic leading to substantial morbidity. While various genotyping approaches such as whole exome sequencing using next generation sequencers and genome wide association studies have identified susceptibility loci for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) including variants in patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 genes apart from others; nutrient based studies emphasized on a combination of vitamin D, E and omega-3 fatty acids to manage fatty liver disease. However majority of the studies were conducted independent of each other and very few studies explored the interactions between the genetic susceptibility and nutrient interactions. Identifying such interactions will aid in optimizing the nutrition tailor made to an individual's genetic makeup, thereby aiding in delaying the onset of the disease and its progression. The present topic focuses on studies that identified the genetic susceptibility for NAFLD, nutritional recommendations, and their interactions for better management of NAFLD.

关键词： Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 gene Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 gene Genotyping Nutrient interactions Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Genetic susceptibility

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Investigation of decay modes of superheavy nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第11期32卷 146-162页

作者： H.C.Manjunatha N.Sowmya P.S.Damodara Gupta K.N.Sridhar A.M.nagaraja L.Seenappa S.Alfred Cecil Raj Department of Physics Government College for WomenKolarKarnataka 563101India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeKolarKarnataka 563101India Department of Physics St.Joseph’s CollegeAffiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia

A detailed investigation of different decay modes,namely alpha decay,beta decay,cluster decay including heavy particle emission(Z_(c)>28),and spontaneous fission,was carried out,leading to the identification of new cluster and beta-plus emitters in superheavy nucle with 104≤Z≤*** the first time,we identified around20 beta-plus emitters in superheavy ***-particle radioactivity was observed in superheavy elements of atomic number in the range 116≤Z≤126.^(292-293)Og were identified as ^(86)Kr emitters,and ^(298)122 and ^(300)122 were identified as ^(94)Zr emitters,whereas heavy-particle radioactivity from ^(91)Y was also observed in ^(299)***,the nuclei ^(300)124 and ^(306)126 exhibit ^(96)Mo *** reported regions of beta-plus and heavyparticle radioactivity for superheavy nuclei are stronger than those for alpha *** identified decay modes for superheavy nuclei are presented in a *** study is intended to serve as a reference for identifying possible decay modes in the superheavy region.

关键词： Alpha decay Beta decay Heavy-particle radioactivity Branching ratios

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Studies of Anomalies in Mixed Conduction of Na₂O and V₂O₅ Doped Boro-Phosphate Glasses

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New Journal of Glass and Ceramics 2022年第1期12卷 1-18页

作者： Sangamesh Jakhati nagaraja Nadavalumane JalandharRao Sonkamble Ashwajeet Department of Physics VTU-Research Centre Rao Bahadur Y Mahabaleswarappa Engineering College Ballari India Department of Physics Davangere University Davanagere India

A set of borophosphate glasses doped with alkali and transition metal (TM) ions have been synthesized. The glasses were carried through;annealing, XRD, density, DC conductivity studies. Molar volume and density varied nonlinearly. High temperature activation energy is analysed taking into consideration of Mott’s SPH model. The low temperature electrical conductivity was analysed by Mott and Greaves VRH. Several polaron hopping related parameters at high temperature region and density of states at low temperature region were computed. The high temperature DC activation energy measured by conductivity, calculated numerous pertained parameters varied nonlinearly with mole fraction of vanadium content. The Study exhibits DC electrical conduction is due to both alkali and transition metal ions and thus confirms the mixed conductivity. A crossover conduction mechanism from the ionic dominant region to polaronic predominant region has been also observed. Studies revealed the single transition effect at 0.4 mol fraction of V2O5 content.

关键词： Borophosphate Glasses Sodium Vanadium Single Alkali Effect (SAE) Single Transition Effect (STE)

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Pooled genetic analysis in ultrasound measured non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Indian subjects:A pilot study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第6期6卷 435-442页

作者： Vishnubhotla Venkata Ravi Kanth Mitnala Sasikala Padaki nagaraja Rao Urmila Steffie Avanthi Kalashikam Rajender Rao Duvvuru Nageshwar Reddy Asian Healthcare Foundation Hyderabad 500082India Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Hyderabad 500082India Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism National Institute of NutritionTarnakaHyderabad 500082India

AIM: To investigate genetic susceptibility in Indian subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) by performing a pooled genetic ***: Study subjects(n = 306) were recruited and categorized into NAFLD and control groups based on ultrasound findings of fatty infiltration. Of the 306 individuals, 156 individuals had fatty infiltration and thus comprised the NAFLD group. One hundred and fifty(n = 150) individuals were normal, without fatty infiltration of the liver, comprising the control group. Blood samples, demographic and anthropometric data from the individuals were collected after obtaining informed consent. Anthropometric data, blood glucose, lipids and liver function tests were estimated using standard methods. Genome wide association stud-ies done to date on NAFLD were identified, 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were selected from these studies that were reported to be significantly associated with NAFLD and genotyping was performed on the Sequenom platform. Student's t test for continuous variables and χ2 test was applied to variant carriers from both groups. Required corrections were applied as multiple testing was *** The mean age of the control group was 39.78 ± 10.83 and the NAFLD group was 36.63 ± 8.20 years. The waist circumference of males and females in the control and NAFLD groups were 80.13 ± 10.35; 81.77 ± 13.65 and 94.09 ± 10.53; 92.53 ± 8.27 respectively. The mean triglyceride and alanine transaminase(ALT) levels in the control and NAFLD groups were 135.18 ± 7.77; 25.39 ± 14.73 and 184.40 ± 84.31; 110.20 ± 67.05 respectively. When χ2 test was applied to the number of individuals carrying the variant risk alleles between the control and NAFLD group, a significant association was seen between rs738409 of the patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3(PNPLA3) gene(P = 0.001), rs2073080 of the PARVB gene(P = 0.02), rs2143571 of SAMM50 gene(P = 0.05) and rs6487679 of the pregnancy zone protein(PZP) gene(P = 0.0

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Genome wide association studies Genetic association Hepatic steatosis Genotyping Single nucleotide polymorphisms Susceptibility

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Interleaved high-gain boost converter powered by solar energy using hybrid-based MPP tracking technique

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Clean Energy 2022年第3期6卷 460-475页

作者： S.nagaraja Rao Suresh Kumar Anisetty B.M.Manjunatha B.M.Kiran Kumar V.Praveen Kumar S.Pranupa MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Department of Electrical EngineeringBangaloreIndia RGM College of Engineering and Technology(Autonomous) NandyalIndia

This paper presents a solar-powered interleaved high-gain boost converter(IHGBC)that increases voltage gain with fewer ripples in the output voltage in comparison to existing DC-DC *** goal of this research is to develop a hybrid-based maximum power point tracking(MPPT)approach with the combination of a flower pollination(FP)algorithm assisted with a perturb&observe(P&O)MPPT approach for solar photovoltaic(SPV)systems integrated with *** ensure effective usage of both FP and P&O algorithms,this study incorporates and validates the hybrid-based MPPT *** proposed solar-powered IHGBC with a hybrid-based MPPT algorithm has been computationally modelled and simulated using MATLAB®and Simulink®for both uniform and non-uniform irradiation and analysed for voltage gain,ripples in the output waveforms and convergence *** proposed hybrid-based MPPT is based on a number of flowers that forecast the initial global peak,assisted by P&O in the last stage for faster convergence to attain the maximum power point(MPP).As a result,the hybrid-based MPPT approach alleviates the computational issues encountered in P&O and FP-based MPP *** proposed hybrid MPPT is compared with conventional MPPT for SPV and the results show that the solar-powered IHGBC using a hybrid-based MPPT technique has negligible oscillations of 0.14%with a high-voltage gain of 7.992 and a fast convergence rate of 0.05 seconds compared to individual P&O-based MPPT and FP-based MPPT *** simulation results of the proposed MPPT with IHGBC outperform the conventional MPPT with high-gain converters.

关键词： flower pollination interleaved high-gain boost converter maximum power point tracking technique perturb&observe solar photovoltaic

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Autologous mobilized peripheral blood CD34^+ cell infusion in non-viral decompensated liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第23期21卷 7264-7271页

作者： Mithun Sharma Padaki nagaraja Rao Mitnala Sasikala Mamata Reddy Kuncharam Chimpa Reddy Vardaraj Gokak BPSS Raju Jagdeesh R Singh Piyal Nag D Nageshwar Reddy Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Asian Healthcare Foundation Asian Healthcare Foundation Department of Interventional Radiology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology

AIM: To study the effect of mobilized peripheral blood autologous CD34 positive(CD34+) cell infusion in patients with non-viral decompensated ***: Cirrhotic patients of non-viral etiology were divided into 2 groups based on their willingness to be listed for deceased donor liver transplant(DDLT)(control, n = 23) or to receive autologous CD34+ cell infusion through the hepatic artery(study group, n= 22). Patients in the study group were admitted to hospital and received granulocyte colony stimulating factor injections 520 μg/d for 3 consecutive days to mobilize CD34+ cells from the bone marrow. On day 4,leukapheresis was done and CD34+ cells were isolated using CliniMAC magnetic cell sorter. The isolated CD34+ cells were infused into the hepatic artery under radiological guidance. The patients were discharged within 48 h. The control group received standard of care treatment for liver cirrhosis and were worked up for DDLT as per protocol of the institute. Both groups were followed up every week for 4 wk and then every month for 3 ***: In the control and the study group, the cause of cirrhosis was cryptogenic in 18(78.2%) and16(72.72%) and alcohol related in 5(21.7%) and6(27.27%), respectively. The mean day 3 cell count(cells/μL) was 27.00 ± 20.43 with a viability of 81.84± 11.99%. and purity of 80%-90%. Primary end point analysis revealed that at 4 wk, the mean serum albumin in the study group increased significantly(2.83± 0.36 vs 2.43 ± 0.42, P = 0.001) when compared with controls. This improvement in albumin was,however, not sustained at 3 mo. However, at the end of3 mo there was a statistically significant improvement in serum creatinine in the study group(0.96 ± 0.33 vs 1.42 ± 0.70, P = 0.01) which translated into a significant improvement in the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score(15.75 ± 5.13 vs 19.94 ± 6.68,P = 0.04). On statistical analysis of secondary end points, the transplant free survival at the end of 1 mo and 3 mo did not show

关键词： CD34 cell infusion Stem cell Cirrhosis Model for end-stage liver disease Liver transplantation

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Regional differences in genetic susceptibility to nonalcoholic liver disease in two distinct Indian ethnicities

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第26期9卷 1101-1107页

作者： Govardhan Bale Avanthi Urmila Steffie Vishnubhotla Venkata Ravi Kanth Padaki nagaraja Rao Mithun Sharma Mitnala Sasikala Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy Asian Healthcare Foundation Asian Institute of Gastroenterology

AIM To validate the association of variants in PNPLA3(rs2281135) and TM6SF2(rs58542926) genes with ultrasound detected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS A total of 503 individuals with and without fatty infiltration were recruited. Fatty infiltration was confirmed based on ultrasound findings. Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected from the study group. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood, quality and quantity was assessed by gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometer respectively. Genotyping of the variants in PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genes was carried out by employing taqman probes(C_15875080_10 for PNPLA3 and C_8946351_10 for TM6SF2 SNP) on real time PCR(Stepone-Lifetechnologies). Genotype data was tested for deviations from Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium. χ~2 test was used to analyze the statistical significance of the difference in genotype distribution of the studied variants in patients and controls and the strength of association was expressed as odds ratio(95%CI). A two-tailed P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The study group comprised of 503 individuals of which 256 had fatty infiltration and 247 without fatty infiltration and thus formed the patient and control groups respectively. As the patient group could be divided in to two distinct ethnicities(ancestral South Indians-ASI and North-East Indians-NEI), further recruitment of control cohort and association analyses was carried out based on ethnicities. Of the 256 with fatty infiltration 93 were ASI and 163 were NEI and of the 247 controls 138 were ASI and 109 were NEI. As expected, there were significant differences in the anthropometric and other clinical data between the control and the patient groups. However significant differences within the ethnicities were also noted. While rs2281135 in PNPLA3 gene was significantly associated(P = 0.03) with higher risk(odds 1.9, 95%CI: 1.5-3.14, P = 0.03) of NAFLD in NEI ethnicity, rs58542926 in TM6SF2 gene wa

关键词： Transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 Patatinlike phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 Fatty infiltration Genetic susceptibility Ethnicity Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Cirrhosis Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Listening to his inner voice? An unusual urethral foreign body: A review of literature and few learning points

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Asian Journal of Urology 2018年第2期5卷 131-132页

作者： Abheesh Varma Hegde A.nagaraja Rao A.Mohan Suryakanth Choubey Revanna Siddappa Kanagali Gotam Pipara Department of Urology St.Johns Medical College HospitalBangaloreIndia

Dear Editor,Urethral foreign body insertions are rare *** objects are known to be *** have a low incidence,with males 1.7 times more likely to commit the act than ***,haematuria,strangury,urinary frequency and urinary retention are common presenting *** such patients do not provide the history of self insertion due to embarrassment and can hence present *** cases can lead on to sepsis and death[1e4].Multiple objects have been implicated in foreign body insertion into the ***,insertion of ear phones is a *** report one such unusual case here.

关键词： urinary insertion unusual

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Real time in-vivo miniature endoscopic surveillance system for imaging of nasopharynx

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第1期6卷 4-9页

作者： Chwee Ming Lim Gangodu nagaraja Rao Hongliang Ren Departm ent of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Notional University Health SystemSingapore Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Sursery Singapore General HospitalSingapore Department of Biom edical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore

Objective:To test the feasibility of a real time miniature endoscope system for imaging the *** design:Preclinical assessment on skull model and ***:A 3.5 mm miniature endoscope was fabricated and the image capture of the nasopharynx was investigated by positioning the miniature camera system at the posterior free edge of the vomer *** real time transmission of the images and quality was tested in a skull ***,three nasopharyngeal surveillance miniature camera system were developed for possible clinical *** prototypes were anchored on the nasal septum and the last prototype was designed using a patient self-administered surveillance *** prototypes were tested for feasibility on both the phantom skull and cadaveric *** assessments were also performed to assess risk,safety and validate the reliability of the material utilized for clinical ***:Insertion and anchorage of the miniature surveillance endoscope prototypes at the vomer bone were feasible on all 3 *** quality of captured images was reasonable and miniaturized camera was responsive to pan at different angles so that the entire nasopharynx may be *** assessments on the material such as pull out test,breaking force analysis,finite element test and tensile strength test were reliable for possible clinical ***:Real time miniature endoscope system for surveillance of nasopharyngeal cancer is *** translation of this technology was possible but requires further refinement in enhancing image quality and wireless transmission of the captured images.

关键词： Nasopharyngeal carcinoma In vivo miniature endoscope Imaging

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α-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles:An efficient,inexpensive catalyst for the one-pot preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第2期22卷 143-146页

作者： H.Nagabhushana S.Sandeep Saundalkar L.Muralidhar B.M.Nagabhushana C.R.Girija D.nagaraja M.A.Pasha V.P.Jayashankara Department of PG Studies in Physics and Research University Science CollegeTumkur UniversityTumkur 572103India Department of Chemistry SSMRV CollegeChemistry Research CenterBangalore 560041India Department of Chemistry M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore 560054India Department of PG Studies in Chemistry and Research University Science CollegeTumkur UniversityTumkur 572103India Department of Chemistry Central College CampusBangalore UniversityBangalore 560001India

This paper describes the combustion synthesis ofα-Fe2O3 nanopowder at much lower temperature and its catalytic activity for the one-pot preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]*** combustion derivedα-Fe_2O_3 nanopowder was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD）,Braunauer,Emmett and Teller（BET） surface area,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）.Highly efficient,three-component condensation of aromatic aldehyde,malanonitrile and 4- hydroxycoumarin catalyzed byα-Fe2O3 nanoparticles at room temperature is *** method offers an excellent alternative to the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]*** reactions are rapid,clean,and the products with good yield and high purity.

关键词： α-Fe2O3 nanopowder One pot three-component condensation Aromatic aldehyde Malanonitrile 4-Hydroxycoumarin

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