Mosul dam is the biggest hydraulic structure in iraq located on the River Tigris 60 km northwest of Mosul city. its storage capacity is 11.11 × 109 m3 and it had been in operation since 1986. A physical distorted mod...
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Mosul dam is the biggest hydraulic structure in iraq located on the River Tigris 60 km northwest of Mosul city. its storage capacity is 11.11 × 109 m3 and it had been in operation since 1986. A physical distorted model with movable bed having a vertical scale 1:100 and a horizontal scale 1:1000 was used to conduct the experiments relating the water level at the reservoir and water discharge upstream the reservoir with the bed load transport rate. The model represents the first 15 km of most northern part of Mosul dam reservoir. The construction of the model was based on bathymetric survey conducted in 2009. Twenty-four experiments were executed using four different discharges (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 L/s) which represent the average discharges in the flood period of River Tigris. At each individual discharge six operations were assumed where the reservoir"s water level was 305, 307, 309, 310, 312, 315 meters above sea level respectively. in all the experiments conducted, bedload transport was measured in the physical model at section representing the River Tigris 1 km upstream the reservoir. The results showed that the bedload rate was decreasing when the water level within the reservoir was increasing. it was also evident that bedload transport rate dramatically decreased at level 310 meters above sea level onward. This is due to the fact that at this level represent the effect of backwater which was noticeable on the river cross section.
Foundation is considered as one of the main parts of any structure. The type of foundation used is highly dependent on the type and properties of soil. The design of foundations requires many factors that should be de...
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Foundation is considered as one of the main parts of any structure. The type of foundation used is highly dependent on the type and properties of soil. The design of foundations requires many factors that should be defined. There are number of differences in the geological and soil conditions in iraq. As a consequence, these differences are reflected on the type of foundation to be used. Despite these differences, same materials and style of buildings are used all over iraq. The main problems of iraqi soil are high gypsum content, salinity and shallow water table depth. These factors that influence the foundations are the soil properties and the amount of loads that transmitted by the superstructure. The situation has been analysed through a case study which illustrated the link between soil and foundation types in three different parts of iraq (Mosul, Baghdad and Basra). One building was analysed using "STAAD (structural analysis and design). Pro" software in these regions. it is evident that iraqi designers and engineers require local code to define all the loads, materials and design of the foundation to be used. The use of local materials might be very effective from both engineering and economic perspectives.
The paper describes assessment of the performance of cement-poor concretes on the basis of packing theory. The concretes are intended for sealing segments of deep boreholes and have a small amount of cement for minimi...
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The paper describes assessment of the performance of cement-poor concretes on the basis of packing theory. The concretes are intended for sealing segments of deep boreholes and have a small amount of cement for minimizing the mutual chemical impact on the contacting clay seals. The composition is examined by application of packing theory with respect to the cement/aggregate ratio and the gradation of the aggregate material which is crushed quartzite for providing high internal friction after maturation, as well as to talc added for fluidity and to the small amount of cement. Low porosity and micro-structural stability must be guaranteed for very long periods of time. The study exemplifies how packing theory assist designers in selecting optimal proportions of the various components. Optimum particle packing implies minimizing the porosity and thereby reducing the amount of cement paste needed to fill the voids between the aggregate particles. The use of talc as inorganic super-plasticizer since ordinary organic additives for reaching high fluidity at casting are undesirable, and since talc reacts with cement and provides high strength in along-term perspective.
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