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The impacts of Climate Change on Fitzroy River Basin, Queensland, Australia

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第1期11卷 38-47页

作者： Nahlah Abbas Saleh A. Wasimi Surya Bhattarai nadhir Al-an.a.i School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland University Melbourne 3000 Australia School of Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University Melbourne 3000 Australia Geotechnical Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea 971 87 Sweden

An analysis of historical data of Fitzroy River, which lies in the east coast of Australia, reveals that there is an increasing trend in extreme floods and droughts apparently attributable to increased variability of blue and green waters which could be due to climate change. in order to get a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the water resources of the study area for near future as well as distant future, SWAT （soil and water assessment tool） model was applied. The model is first tested for its suitability in capturing the basin characteristics with available data, and then, forecasts from six GCMs （general circulation model） with about half-a-century lead time to 2046-2064 and about one-century lead time to 2080-2100 are incorporated to evaluate the impacts of climate change under three marker emission scenarios： A2, A1B and B 1. The results showed worsening water resources regime into the future.

关键词： Fitzroy basin climate change water resources SWAT.

Water loss in Mafraq Governorate, Jordan

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Natural Science 2013年第3期5卷 333-340页

作者： nadhir Al-an.a.i Salem Al-Oun Wafa Hadad Sven Knutsson Department of Business Administration Al Al-Bayt University Mafraq Jordan Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

Jordan is located in theMiddle Eastand covers an area of89,342 km2. The total population ofJordanis 6,508,*** rapidly facing a severe water supply crisis due to greater demands on a finite quantity of available water. if current trends continue, it has been estimated that the country will experience a chronic water shortage by 2020. Despite these shortages, water loss in the distribution network is relatively high where it reaches 46%. Mafraq Governorate has the maximum water loss. Continuous records and data for the period 1999-2004 for Mafraq water authority were investigated for the water supply and lose. Water losses were evaluated, and suggestions were given to minimize the loss.

关键词： Mafraq Water Loss Jordan Administrative Loss Technical Loss

Application of SimaPro7 on Al-Hilla City Sewerage Network, iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2015年第5期7卷 224-229页

作者： Mohammad Ali Alan.a.i Hind Qasim Alazzawi nadhir Al-an.a.i Sven Knutsson College of Engineering Babylon University Babylon Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lule&aring University of Technology Lule&aring Sweden

SimaPro is a software package designed to make a valuable contribution for analyzing the environmental impact on products during their whole life cycle. A huge amount of knowledge about the environment is built into the program and database, enabling to analyze a product with a minimum of specialized knowledge. in this study, SimaPro was used to analyze and evaluate the impacts that resulted from sewerage network in Al-Hilla city, iraq. The results of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) showed that sewerage network had an impact and damage on the environment by 291 points for every cubic meter of collect wastewater. The most potential environmental impacts were global warming, respiratory inorganics and non-renewable energy, contributing to the sewerage network. The study also showed that most of the effects were as a result of energy consumption in the pumping of wastewater, pipes used and diesel using for network operation.

关键词： SimaPro Environmental impact Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Sewerage Network Al-Hilla iraq

Time Optimizing near the Pay Zone

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Engineering（科研） 2017年第10期9卷 848-859页

作者： Ali K. Darwesh Thorkild Maack Rasmussen nadhir Al-an.a.i Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

Well control techniques are used in oil and gas drilling operations to control bottom hole pressure and avoid any fluid influx from formation to the well. These techniques are highly important near the pay zone in term of time. Controlling formation fluid pressure and thereby the formations behavior in a predictable fashion will help toward more optimized environmental friendly drilling operation. Time consumed to control the formation fluid pressure will range between few hours to many days. This paper discusses hydrostatic pressure distribution and changes near the pay zone for one oil blocks in Kurdistan, in the northern part of iraq. Obtaining homogeneous increase in some drilling fluid properties will help the engineer to better interpret sampling of the lithological columns and reduce potential hole problems and operation time.

关键词： Fluid Pressure Well Control Drilling Fluid Formation Pay Zone

influence of Groundwater Hypothetical Salts on Electrical Conductivity Total Dissolved Solids

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Engineering（科研） 2016年第11期8卷 823-830页

作者： S. A. M. Al Dahaan nadhir Al-an.a.i Sven Knutsson Department of Geology Faculty of Science University of Kufa Kufa Iraq Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

A relationship between electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) was tested for solutions of same salinity levels with respect to different artificial salts with their combinations. Results showed remarkable jumping at the order of the artificial salt sequence specially that of the magnesium type. A computer model is designed with an input of EC and TDS. The output will be the possible prevailing artificial salts. The accuracy of the model was tested by using the groundwater data of Safwan-Zubair area south of iraq and it proved to be significant at 95% matching. The 5% unmatched results are due to the possibility of having more than one type of prevailing salt.

关键词： Electrical Conductivity A Computer Model Artificial Salts Groundwater Total Dissolved Solids

Stabilization of Clayey Silt Soil Using Small Amounts of Petrit T

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Engineering（科研） 2017年第6期9卷 540-562页

作者： Wathiq Al-Jabban Sven Knutsson Jan Laue nadhir Al-an.a.i Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Civil Engineering Dept. Collage of Engineer University of Babylon Babylon Iraq

Effects of using small amounts of a Petrit T, a by-product of manufacture sponge iron, to modify clayey silt soil were investigated in this study. Petrit T was added at 2%, 4% and 7% of soil dry weight. A series of unconfined compressive strength tests, consistency limits tests and pH tests were conducted at 7, 14, 28, 60 and 90 days of curing periods to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of treated soil. Results indicated improving in the unconfined compressive strength, stiffness and workability of treated soil directly after treatment and over time. increasing in soil density and decreasing in water content were observed, with increasing Petrit T content and curing time. The pH value was immediately increasing after treatment and then gradually decreased over time. Failure mode gradually changed from plastic to brittle behavior with increasing binder content and curing time. The outcomes of this research show a promising way of using a new by-product binder to stabilize soft soils in various engineering projects in order to reduce the costs which are associated with of excavation and transportation works.

关键词： Stabilization Petrit T industrial By-Product Secant Modulus Workability So-lidification pH Value

Badush Dam: A Unique Case of Flood Wave Retention Dams Uncertain Future and Problematic Geology

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第4期11卷 189-205页

作者： Nasrat Adamo nadhir Al-an.a.i Varoujan Sissakian Jan Laue Sven Knutsson Private Consultant Engineering Norrk&#246 ping Sweden Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden University of Kurdistan Hawler Iraq

Badush Dam is a partially completed dam and a unique case of flood retention dams. its intended main function is to perform flood protection once in its lifetime;that is if Mosul Dam would collapse. in such a case, the Badush dam would temporarily store the whole flood wave and route it safely to the downstream. For this end, the bulk of the reservoir is left dry, while the remaining volume at the lower part which is intended for power generation does not give an economic justification for building the full height of the dam. The short duration of the intended use as a protection dam has led to relaxing many design assumptions which have raised concerns over the dam integrity. The current controversy rages now over whether to continue the construction of the dam as it was first designed or to change all that in view of the similar site geology of Mosul Dam. Mosul dam foundations suffer at the moment from the severe continuous dissolution of the soluble materials in its foundation leading to continued maintenance grouting of that foundation. This paper gives an overview of the history of Badush dam, its current design and what new requirements which are needed if it is to replace Mosul Dam itself.

关键词： Badush Dam Mosul Dam Flood Retention Dam Dry Dam Foundation Treatment

A GiS-Based Drastic Model for Assessing Aquifer Vulnerability in Amman-Zerqa Groundwater Basin, Jordan

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第5期5卷 490-504页

作者： Abdulla MAl-Rawabdeh nadhir AAl-an.a.i Ahmed AAl-Taani Sven Knutsson Department of Geomatics Engineering University of CalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources and EngineeringLulea University of TechnologyLuleaSweden UNESCO Chair for Desert Studies and Desertification Control Yarmouk UniversityIrbidJordan

Amman-Zerqa Basin (AZB) is a major basin in Jordan. The concentration of economic, agricultural and social activities within the basin makes it of prime importance to Jordan. intensive agricultural practices are widespread and located close to groundwater wells, which pose imminent threats to these resources. Groundwater contamination is of particular concern as groundwater resources are the principal source of water for irrigation, drinking and industrial activities. A DRASTiC model integrated with GiS tool has been used to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability of AZB. The Drastic index map showed that only 1.2% of the basin’s total area of 3792 km2 lies in the no vulnerable zone and about 69% is classified as having low pollution potential. The results also revealed that about 30% of the catchment area is moderately susceptible to pollution potential and slightly 1% is potentially under high pollution risk. These results suggest that almost one third of the AZB is at moderate risk of pollution potential. These areas are mainly in the north-east and central parts of the basin where the physical factors (gentle slope and high water table) would allow more contaminants to easily move into the shallow groundwater aquifer. Areas with high vulnerability to pollution are largely located in the center of Amman old city.

关键词： Amman-Zerqa Basin Jordan GiS DRASTiC

Landfill Site Selection Using GiS and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making AHP and SAW Methods: A Case Study in Sulaimaniyah Governorate, iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2020年第4期12卷 254-268页

作者： Karwan Alkaradaghi Salahalddin S. Ali nadhir Al-an.a.i Jan Laue Komar Research Center Sulaimaniyah Iraq.

Lack of land for waste disposal is one of the main problems facing urban areas in developing countries. The Sulaimaniyah Governorate, located in northern iraq, is one of the main cities of the country in the Kurdistan Region, covering an area of 2400 km2. Currently, there is no landfill site in the study region that meets scientific and environmental requirements, inappropriate dumping of solid waste causes adverse effects on the environment, economic and urban aesthetic. To overcome with this phenomenon, it is very crucial to suggest a landfill site, even in countries that recycle or burn their waste to protect the environment. Landfill sites should be carefully selected by considering all regulations and other restrictions. The integration of geographic information systems and multi-criteria decision analysis is used in this study to select suitable landfill locations in the region, for this purpose, thirteen layers are prepared according to their importance including urban area, villages, rivers, groundwater depth, slope, elevation, soil types, geological formations, roads, oil and gas field, land use classification, archaeological site and power lines. Two different methods (simple additive weighting and analytic hierarchy process) are implemented in a geographical information system to obtain the suitability index map for candidate landfill sites, where all these sites satisfied the scientific and environmental criteria which were adopted in this study. The comparison of the maps resulting from these two different methods demonstrates that both methods produced consistent results.

关键词： Landfill Site Criteria Weights GiS Software Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method