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Dye Test within Mosul Dam Area

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第6期13卷 267-286页

作者： Mohammed Sami Safi nadhir Al-an.a.i State Commission for Dams and Reservoirs Ministry of Water Resources Baghdad Iraq Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

Mosul Dam is located on the River Tigris about 60 km north of Mosul city in iraq. The dam is a multipurpose earth fill dam with a storage capacity of 11.11 million cubic meters, which was in operation since 1986. During the first impounding of its reservoir, seepage of water underneath the foundation of dam was noticed due to the desolation of gypsum beds. This raised concern about the stability of the dam and since then grouting operation were carried out. iSiS occupied the dam 8 - 16 August 2014. Grouting operations stopped and number of equipment and buildings were destroyed during that short period. After the defeat of iSiS, the iraqi Ministry of Water Resources rebuilt and constructed the destroyed parts within the site and a new maintenance operations program was adopted. New training courses for the staff of Mosul Dam were conducted with Trevi Company and US Army Corps of Engineers. in this paper, the dye test is highlighted to monitor the seepage of groundwater within the dam site. it seems that the dam is stable in its present conditions and water level height.

关键词： Mosul Dam Dye Test Seepage Tigris River iraq

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Natural Science 2013年第4期5卷 463-477页

作者： nadhir Al-an.a.i Roland Pusch Sven Knutsson Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources EngineeringLulea University of TechnologyLuleaSweden

iraq experienced two devastating wars in 1991 and 2003, during which massive amounts of new weapons and sophisticated manufactured nuclear weapons were used called Depleted Uranium (DU). As a consequence of the radioactive contamination;the humans are suffering from various disease like cancer and the environment is polluted. in practice, there is no strategy and/ or national program, not even well thought out plans and scientific personnel and technical equipment required to clean iraq of these wastes. Reviewing the geological, topographical and hydrological data, it had been noticed that Umm Chaimin depression is a good candidate site to dump all contaminated radioactive scrap and soil. The suggested design of the landfill will ensure safe containment of the waste for hundreds of thousands of years even if significant climatic changes will take place.

关键词： iraq Umm Chaimin Depleted Uranium Landfill Site Selection Criteria

Estimation of road dust using BSNEs

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Natural Science 2013年第5期5卷 567-572页

作者： Qi Jia nadhir Al-an.a.i Sven Knutsson Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources EngineeringLulea University of TechnologyLuleaSweden

Mining is a core industry in Sweden and plays an important role in the economic development throughout the country. Though the importance of mining dust has been well recognized, the quantification of dust production with regard to individual source activity has rarely been done in Sweden. Depending on the type of source activity, dust estimation method can be chosen from three alternatives: exposure profiling methods, back calculation method, and wind erosion prediction method. Also included in the paper is an example of experiment, which was executed on two unpaved roads in Lulea, Sweden by using exposure profiling method. The experiment concluded that dust emission due to vehicle transportation is strongly dependent on traveling speed and road bed material.

关键词： Road Dust Dust Measurement BSNEs

Measurement of dust emission from a road construction using exposure-profiling method

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Natural Science 2013年第12期5卷 1255-1263页

作者： Jia Qi Al-an.a.i nadhir Knutsson Sven Department of Civil Environmental and Natural ResourcesDivision of Soil Mechanics and Foundation EngineeringLuleaSweden

Road construction is one example of heavy constructions that may have a substantial temporary impact on local air quality. Construction of Lule? Road during the summer of 2013 generated a great deal of dust emission. US EPA recommended exposure-profiling method was used to measure dust emission. inexpensive BSNE dust samplers were used instead of high volume samplers. The objective was to give a general idea of the amount of dust generated due to the construction work. Dust generation related to weather was discussed under conditions. Estimated threshold wind velocities for road surface materials at the height of 2 m were 12.88 m/s, 12.88 m/s and 24.76 m/s which were lower measured wind velocities, indicating no dust generated from wind erosion. Dust masses for 7 sampling periods show dust generation had a close relation with moisture content of surface material. Wind speed, humidity had minor or no effect. The estimated dust emission rate in the construction work during the measuring period was 22.86 kg TSP/d, 6 kg/d was from construction work and 16.86 kg/d was generated due to traffic on temporary roads.

关键词： Dust Emission Road Construction Exposure-Profiling BSNE

Review of Climate Change impacts on Human Environment: Past, Present and Future Projections

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第11期13卷 605-630页

作者： Nasrat Adamo nadhir Al-an.a.i Varoujan Sissakian Consultant Engineer Norrk&#246 ping Sweden Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Department of Natural Resource Engineering and Management University of Kurdistan Hewler KRG Iraq

Climate changes are one of the most significant aspects, which cause a threat to all human beings living on the planet Earth. Climate changes could happen due to both natural internal processes and external forcing, or due to persistent anthropogenic changes. The identified drastic temperature changes, increase in the emitted greenhouse gasses, and sea-level changes as witnessed from the acquired data;such as from ice cores, during the past centuries and even decades are all due to climate changes. Due to the increase in the emitted greenhouse gasses, major sectors in the Earth will be hit severely, such as agriculture and industry. Human welfare and health services will consequently suffer and development, in general, is going to be hampered. Large parts of the Earth will be unfavorable for living due to different reasons;such as inundation by seawater, decrease in temperature;however, some scientists believe that the increase in the percentages of the emitted greenhouse gasses has decreased or delayed the possibility of starting a new ice age. We have presented all possible scenarios, which may happen due to climate changes including temperature changes, emitted greenhouse gasses, sea level, and other harsh effects not only on human beings but all other living animal and plant species.

关键词： Climate Change Environment Anthropogenic Changes Greenhouse Gases Sea Level Change

Application of GiS for Mapping Rainwater-Harvesting Potential: Case Study Wollert, Victoria

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第1期11卷 14-21页

作者： Sultana Nasrin Baby Colin Arrowsmith nadhir Al-an.a.i School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology RMIT University Melbourne Australia Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

Water is a basic normal asset for supporting the condition of life. Accessible water assets are feeling the squeeze because of expanding demand. Soon water, which we have depended upon to be accessible and an unconditional present of nature will turn into a rare product. Protection and conservation of water assets are desperately required. in many parts of Victoria, water supply to communities is limited. Rainwater harvesting systems can provide water at or near the point of demand. The systems can be owner and utility operated and managed. Rainwater collected using existing structures, i.e. rooftops, parking lots, playgrounds, parks, ponds, floodplains etc., has few negative environmental impacts compared to other technologies for water resources development. Rainwater is relatively clean and the quality is usually acceptable for many purposes with little or even no treatment. The physical and chemical properties of rainwater are usually superior to sources of groundwater that may have been subjected to contamination. The present study was intended to measure the rooftop rainwater harvesting potential using GiS techniques. The GiS examination utilized in this investigation was basically an efficient assessment of rooftop water collecting in the chose Wollert which is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria. With the use of GiS it was conceivable to appraise the aggregate sum of water harvestable at the household level. it is very tedious work to assess the catchments available for rooftop rainwater harvesting. Here the roof surfaces are the catchments and GiS is employed to calculate the area of various types of roofs and their potential for planning for the area under study. As a result Eucalypt Estate Wollert has huge potential and can make above 179.11 litres water available per person per day throughout the year.

关键词： Rainwater Harvesting Potential Measurement Rooftop GiS

Annual Runoff and Sediment in Duhok Reservoir Watershed Using SWAT and WEPP Models

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Engineering（科研） 2016年第7期8卷 410-422页

作者： Mohammad E. Mohammad nadhir Al-an.a.i Sven Knutsson Department of Dams and Water Resources Engineering University of Mosul Mosul Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lule&aring University of Technology Lule&aring Sweden

Estimation of runoff volume and sediment load is the main problem that affects the performance of dams due to the reduction in the storage capacity of their reservoirs and their effect on dam efficiency and operation schedule. The simulation models can be considered for this purpose if the continuous field measurements are not available. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) models were applied to estimate the annual runoff volume and sediment load for Duhok Dam Reservoir in north of Duhok/iraq for the period 1988-2011. The estimated annual runoff volume varied from 2.3 to 34.7 MCM for considered period. Those values were affected by rainfall depth, intensity and runoff coefficient. The resultant annual runoff coefficient for the studied area ranged from 0.05 to 0.35 (average was 0.18) causing an average runoff volume of about 14 MCM. The results of sediment routing indicated that the values of sediment yields varied from 50 to 1400 t/km2/year depending on sub basin properties. The average annual sediment load from the whole watershed is about 120 × 103 ton. The estimated total sediment arrived to Duhok Reservoir for the considered period 1988-2011 was about 2.9 × 106 ton. The results indicate that both models gave reasonable results in comparison with measured values. Based on statistical criteria, the results of both models are close to gather.

关键词： Annual Runoff Annual Sediments Duhok Dam SWAT Model WEPP Model

impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in Diyala River Basin, iraq

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第9期10卷 1059-1074页

作者： Nahlah Abbas Saleh A Wasimi nadhir Al-an.a.i School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland University Melbourne 3000 Australia Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea 971 87 Sweden

Possibilities of Reducing Energy Consumption by Optimization of Ground Source Heat Pump Systems in Babylon, iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2016年第3期8卷 130-139页

作者： Jenny Lindblom nadhir Al-an.a.i Qais Al-Madhlom Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

iraq is located in the Middle East with an area that reaches 437,072 km2 and a population of about 36 million. This country is suffering from severe electricity shortage problems which are expected to increase with time. in this research, an attempt is made to minimize this problem by combining the borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) with a heat pump, the indoor temperature of a residential building or other facility may be increased or reduced beyond the temperature interval of the heat carrier fluid. Due to the relatively high ground temperature in Middle Eastern countries, the seasonal thermal energy storages (STES) and ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have a remarkable potential, partly because the reduced thermal losses from the underground storage and the expected high COP (ratio of thermal energy gain to required driving energy (electricity)) of a heat pump, partly because of the potential for using STES directly for heating and cooling. in this research, groundwater conditions of Babylon city in iraq were investigated to evaluate the possibility of using GSHP to reduce energy consumption. it is believed that such system will reduce consumed energy by about 60%.

关键词： Ground Source Heat Pump Seasonal Thermal Energy Storages Energy Saving Babylon iraq