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Evaluating current ethical values of OpenStreetMap using value sensitive design

Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第3期26卷 362-378页

作者： Ruba Jaljolie talia Dror David n.Siriba Sagi Dalyot Engineering Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe TechnionMapping and Geo-InformationTechnion CityIsrael Department of Geospatial and Space Technology University of NairobiNairobiKenya

The crowdsourced OpenStreetMap mapping platform is utilized by countless stakeholders worldwide for various purposes and ***,researchers,governments,commercial,and humanitarian organizations,in addition to the engineers,professionals,and technical developers,use OpenStreetMap both as data contributors and *** storage,usage,and integration of volunteered geographical data in software applications often create complex ethical dilemmas and values regarding the relationships between different categories of *** is therefore common for moral preferences of stakeholders to be *** paper investigates the integration of ethical values in OpenStreetMap using the value sensitive design methodology that examines technical,empirical,and conceptual aspects at each design *** use the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team,an existing volunteered geographic information initiative,as a case *** investigation shows that although OpenStreetMap does integrate ethical values in its organizational structure,a deeper understanding of its direct and indirect stakeholders’perspectives is still *** study is expected to assist organizations that contribute to or use OpenStreetMap in recognizing and preserving existing and important ethical *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first attempt to evaluate ethical values methodically and comprehensively in the design process of the OpenStreetMap platform.

关键词： Value Sensitive Design(VSD) OpenStreetMap(OSM) ethical values Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI) crowdsourcing geographic data contributors and consumers

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THz plasmonics and electronics in germanene nanostrips

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Journal of Semiconductors 2023年第10期44卷 37-49页

作者： talia Tene Marco Guevara Gabriela Tubon-Usca Oswaldo Villacrés Cáceres Gabriel Moreano Cristian Vacacela Gomez Stefano Bellucci Department of Chemistry Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja110160 LojaEcuador UnICARIBE Research Center University of CalabriaI-87036 RendeCSItaly Grupo de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados(GIMA) Facultad de CienciasEscuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo(ESPOCH)RiobambaEcuador Facultad de Ciencias Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo(ESPOCH)RiobambaEcuador Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo(ESPOCH)Riobamba 060155Ecuador InFn-Laboratori nazionali di Frascati Via E.Fermi 54I-00044 FrascatiItaly

Germanene nanostrips(GenSs)have garnered significant attention in modern semiconductor technology due to their exceptional physical characteristics,positioning them as promising candidates for a wide range of *** exhibit a two-dimensional(buckled)honeycomb-like lattice,which is similar to germanene but with controllable *** modeling of GenSs is essential for developing appropriate synthesis methods as it enables understanding and controlling the growth process of these ***,one can adjust the strip width,which in turn can tune the bandgap and plasmonic response of the material to meet specific device *** this study,the objective is to investigate the electronic behav-ior and THz plasmon features of GenSs(≥100 nm wide).A semi-analytical model based on the charge-carrier velocity of free-standing germanene is utilized for this *** charge-carrier velocity of freestanding germanene is determined through the GW approximation(V_(F)=0.702×10^(6)m·s^(−1)).Within the width range of 100 to 500 nm,GenSs exhibit narrow bandgaps,typi-cally measuring only a few ***,upon analysis,it was found that the bandgaps of the investigated GenSs ranged between 29 and 6 *** well,these nanostrips exhibit√q-like plasmon dispersions,with their connected plasmonic fre-quency(≤30 THz)capable of being manipulated by varying parameters such as strip width,excitation plasmon angle,and sam-ple *** manipulations can lead to frequency variations,either increasing or decreasing,as well as shifts towards larger momentum *** outcomes of our study serve as a foundational motivation for future experiments,and further con-firmation is needed to validate the reported results.

关键词： nanostrips carrier velocity germanene plasmonics electronics

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Optical nanoimpacts of Dielectric and Metallic nanoparticles on Gold Surface by Reflectance Microscopy: Adsorption or Bouncing?

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第2期3卷 175-188页

作者： Jean-François Lemineur talia Jane Stockmann Jérôme Médard Claire Smadja Catherine Combellas Frédéric Kanoufi UniversitéSorbonne Paris Cité UniversitéParis DiderotITODYSCNRS UMR 708615 rue J.A.de Baïf75013 ParisFrance Present Address:Memorial University of newfoundland Chemistry Department283 Prince Philip Dr.St.John’sNL A1B 3X7Canada Faculty of Pharmacy University Paris-SudCNRS UMR 86125 rue J.B.Clément92296 Châtenay-MalabryFrance

Optical modeling coupled to experiments show that a microscope operating in reflection mode allows imaging,through solutions or even a microfluidic cover,various kinds of nanoparticles,nPs,over a(reflecting)sensing surface,here a gold(Au)*** modeling suggests that this configuration enables the interferometric imaging of single nPs which can be characterized individually from local change in the surface *** interferometric detection improves the optical limit of detection compared to classical configurations exploiting only the light scattered by the *** method is then tested experimentally,to monitor in situ and in real time,the collision of single Brownian nPs,or optical nanoimpacts,with an Au-sensing ***,mimicking a microfluidic biosensor platform,the capture of 300 nm FeOx maghemite nPs from a convective flow by a surface-functionalized Au surface is dynamically ***,the adsorption or bouncing of individual dielectric(100 nm polystyrene)or metallic(40 and 60 nm silver)nPs is observed directly through the *** influence of the electrolyte on the ability of nPs to repetitively bounce or irreversibly adsorb onto the Au surface is *** such visualization mode of single-nP optical nanoimpacts is insightful for comprehending single-nP electrochemical studies relying on nP collision on an electrode(electrochemical nanoimpacts).

关键词： Reflection microscopy Single nanoparticle Sensor Adsorption Silver Polystyrene

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Continuous positive airway pressure acutely increases exercise duration in children with severe therapy-resistant asthma:a randomized crossover trial

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期17卷 189-196页

作者： Claudia Silva Schindel Daniele Schiwe Joao Paulo Heinzmann-Filho n.talia Evangelista Campos Paulo Marcio Pitrez Marcio Vinicius Fagundes Donadio Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity Centro Infant.Pontiffcia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul(PUCRS)Av.Ipiranga6690.2°andarPorto AlegreRS CEP 90610-000.Brazil Hospital Moinhos de Vento Porto AlegreBrazil and Centro InfantPontiffcia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul(PUCRS)Porto Alegre.Brazil

Background Lower exercise tolerance is an important component of asthma and the possible effects of non-invasive ven-tilation on exercise capacity in individuals with severe therapy-resistant asthma(STRA)are *** study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)on exercise tolerance in children with *** We performed a controlled,randomized,crossover clinical trial including subjects aged 6 to 18 years old diagnosed with ***,anthropometric and lung function data were *** participants in the intervention group(IG)used CPAP(PEEP 10cmH2O and FiO20.21)for a period of 40 *** in the control group(CG)used CPAP with mini-mum PEEP at 1 cmH20 also for 40 ***,subjects from both groups underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET).After a 15-day washout period,on a subsequent visit,subjects participated in the opposite group to the initial *** Thirteen subjects with a mean age of 12.30±1.7 years were *** variables of peak expiratory flow(PEF)and forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1)before using CPAP and after performing CPET did not show sig-nificant *** CPET results,there was no significant difference(P=0.59)between groups at peak exercise for oxygen consumption—VO2(CG:33.4±6.3 and IG:34.5±5.9,mL kg^(-1)min^(-1)).However,the IG(12.4±2.1)presented a total test time(min)significantly(P=0.01)longer than the CG(11.5±1.3).Conclusion The results suggest that the use of CPAP before physical exercise increases exercise duration in children and adolescents with STRA.

关键词： Asthma non-invasive ventilation Oxygen consumption Exercise test Exercise tolerance Exercise-induced bronchospasm

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