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Evaluation of fatty acid metabolism and innate immunity interactions between commercial broiler, F1 layer × broiler cross and commercial layer strains selected for different growth potentials

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 156-166页

作者： nicky-Lee Willson.rebecca E.A.Forder Rick G.Tearle Greg S.nattrass Robert J.Hughes Philip I.Hynd School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide The Australian Poultry and Cooperative Research Centre University of New England Davies Research Centre School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesThe University of Adelaide South Australian Research and Development Institute(SARDI) Livestock and Farming Systems South Australian Research and Development Institute(SARDI) Pig and Poultry Production Institute

Background： The broiler industry has undergone intense genetic selection over the past 50 yr. resulting in improvements for growth and feed efficiency, however, significant variation remains for performance and growth traits. Production improvements have been coupled with unfavourable metabolic consequences, including immunological trade-offs for growth, and excess fat deposition. To determine whether interactions between fatty acid（FA） metabolism and innate immunity may be associated with performance variations commonly seen within commercial broiler flocks, total carcass lipid %, carcass and blood FA composition, as wel as genes involved with FA metabolism, immunity and cel ular stress were investigated in male birds of a broiler strain, layer strain and F1 layer × broiler cross at d 14 post hatch. Heterophil：lymphocyte ratios, relative organ weights and bodyweight data were also ***： Broiler bodyweight（n = 12） was four times that of layers（n = 12） by d 14 and had significantly higher carcass fat percentage compared to the cross（n = 6; P = 0.002） and layers（P = 0.017） which were not significantly different from each other（P = 0.523）. The carcass and whole blood FA analysis revealed differences in the FA composition between the three groups indicating altered FA metabolism, despite al being raised on the same diet. Genes associated with FA synthesis andβ-oxidation were upregulated in the broilers compared to the layers indicating a net overal increase in FA metabolism,which may be driven by the larger relative liver size as a percentage of bodyweight in the broilers. Genes involved in innate immunity such as TLR2 and TLR4, as wel as organel e stress indicators ERn1 and XBP1 were found to be nonsignificant, with the exception of high expression levels of XBP1 in layers compared to the cross and broilers. Additional y there was no difference in heterophil： lymphocytes between any of the ***： The results provide evidence that genetic selecti

关键词： Broiler Cel ular stress Fatty acid metabolism Innate immunity Layer Selection

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Development of a panel of unigene-derived polymorphic EST–SSR markers in lentil using public database information

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The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 425-433页

作者： Debjyoti Sen Gupta Peng Cheng Gaurav Sablok Dil Thavarajah Pushparajah Thavarajah Clarice J.Coyne Shiv Kumar Michael Baum rebecca J.McGee Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University ICAR-ARS Indian Institute of Pulses Research Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Mach Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Clemson University International College Beijing China Agricultural University USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction Station Washington State University BIGM Program International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) USDA-ARS Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit Washington State University

Lentil(Lens culinaris Medik.), a diploid(2n = 14) with a genome size greater than 4000 Mbp, is an important cool season food legume grown worldwide. The availability of genomic resources is limited in this crop species. The objective of this study was to develop polymorphic markers in lentil using publicly available curated expressed sequence tag information(ESTs). In this study, 9513 ESTs were downloaded from the national Center for Biotechnology Information(nCBI) database to develop unigene-based simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers. The ESTs were assembled into 4053 unigenes and then analyzed to identify 374 SSRs using the MISA microsatellite identification tool. Among the 374 SSRs, 26 compound SSRs were *** pairs for these SSRs were designed using Primer3 version 1.14. To classify the functional annotation of ESTs and EST–SSRs, BLASTx searches(using E-value 1 × 10-5) against the public UniP rot(http://***/) and nCBI(http://***/) databases were performed. Further functional annotation was performed using PLAZA(version3.0) comparative genomics and GO annotation was summarized using the Plant GO slim category. Among the synthesized 312 primers, 219 successfully amplified Lens DnA. A diverse panel of 24 Lens genotypes was used to identify polymorphic markers. A polymorphic set of 57 markers successfully discriminated the test genotypes. This set of polymorphic markers with functional annotation data could be used as molecular tools in lentil breeding.

关键词： Lens culinaris EST-SSRs Functional annotation Unigene sequences EST database Genetic resources

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Population Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Caffeine Using Visual Analogue Scales

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第4期5卷 444-454页

作者： rebecca n.Burns Ayyappa Chaturvedula David C.Turner Hailing Zhang Chad M.Van Den Berg Center for Pharmacometrics Mercer UniversityAtlantaUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Mercer UniversityAtlantaUSA Department of Pharmacy Practice Mercer UniversityAtlantaUSA Center for Clinical Research Mercer UniversityAtlantaUSA

Caffeine is a commonly ingested psychoactive substance which affects alertness and cognition. A clinical study was conducted to determine the effect of orally ingested caffeine on visual analogue scale (VAS) responses in healthy, moderate caffeine-consuming volunteers through the use of population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling. Twelve subjects were recruited for a three-period cross-over study which utilized caffeine containing beverages. Each visit included 8-hour blood plasma and VAS response collection for PK and PD assessment respectively. The VAS used in the study, also called the caffeine analog scale, has been previously validated for caffeine. Population PK-PD modeling was conducted with nOnMEM 7.2. Simultaneous and sequential modeling of PK-PD was attempted. Final model selection was based on parameter estimate precision, diagnostic plots, and visual predictive check (VPC) plots. Results showed that a one-compartment open model with first-order absorption and elimination best described the pharmacokinetics of caffeine. Sequential PK-PD modeling was successful and an effect compartment model with linear slope and baseline parameter best described caffeine pharmacodynamics. Diagnostic plots showed no major bias and VPC plots showed agreement between observations and predictions. The model was able to link VAS responses to caffeine concentration in healthy volunteers and may be useful in clinical trial simulations and design.

关键词： Caffeine Population Pharmacokinetics Population Pharmacodynamics nOnMEM? Visual Analogue Scale

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A transgenic pig model expressing a CMV-ZsGreen1 reporter across an extensive array of tissues

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2021年第2期35卷 163-173页

作者： Amy T.Desaulniers rebecca A.Cederberg Elizabeth P.Carreiro Channabasavaiah B.Gurumurthy Brett R.White Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583-0908USA Department of Pharmacology and Experimental neuroscience University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA

Since genetic engineering of pigs can benefit both biomedicine and agriculture,selecting a suitable gene promoter is critically *** cytomegalovirus(CMV)promoter,which can robustly drive ubiquitous transgene expression,is commonly used at present,yet recent reports suggest tissue-specific activity in the *** objective of this study was to quantify ZsGreen1 protein(in lieu of CMV promoter activity)in tissues from pigs harboring a CMV-ZsGreen1 transgene with a single integration *** samples(n=35)were collected from neonatal hemizygous(n=3)and homozygous(n=3)piglets and ZsGreen1 abundance was determined via ***1 was detected in all tissues,except hypothalamus,kidney cortex and *** expression patterns of homozygous and hemizygous piglets were similar(P>0.05).However,quantification revealed that ZsGreen1 protein levels were *** neural/endocrine tissues,ZsGreen1 abundance was highest in the anterior pituitary gland,intermediate in the cerebellum and lowest in the cerebrum,spinal cord and posterior pituitary(Pn the digestive system,ZsGreen1 was more abundant in the salivary gland than esophagus,stomach,pancreas,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,spleen,colon,gallbladder and liver(Pnterestingly,ZsGreen1 amounts also differed within an organ(i.e.,the right ventricle had 3-fold higher levels than the other heart chambers;Pnformation for the use of the CMV promoter to drive transgene expression in the ***,this swine model represents a novel resource of ZsGreen1-labeled organs and a valuable tool to advance genome editing research.

关键词： gene expression profiling CMV promoter ZsGreen1 biomedical model genome editing

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Isolated cochlear neuritis from varicella reactivation mimicking a vestibular schwannoma

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2016年第3期2卷 -页

作者： Adam D. Goodale Justin S. Golub rebecca S. Cornelius Ravi n. Samy Department of 0tolaryngologyeHead and neck Surgery University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati 0H 45267 USA Department of 0tolaryngologyeHead and neck Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA Department of Radiology Section of Neuroradiology University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati 0H 45267 USA

We present a case of a patient with progressive unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus with internal auditory canal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) secondary to isolated cochlear neuritis from varicella reactivation. MRI following antiviral treat-ment showed resolution of enhancement. Varicella reactivation is commonly seen in the form of Ramsay Hunt syndrome, which is known to produce abnormal MRI enhancement from facial and vestibulocochlear neuritis;however, its characteristic clinical signs aid the diagnosis. This case is unique in that the only manifestation of varicella infection was unilateral hearing loss. This case outlines the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis in the evaluation of unilateral hearing loss as well as recognizing the limited specificity of MRI.

关键词： Vestibular schwannoma Acoustic neuroma Vestibular neuritis Ramsay Hunt

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Molecularly tagged genes and quantitative trait loci in cucumber with recommendations for QTL nomenclature

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2678-2697页

作者： Yuhui Wang Kailiang Bo Xingfang Gu Junsong Pan Yuhong Li Jinfeng Chen Changlong Wen Zhonghai Ren Huazhong Ren Xuehao Chen.rebecca Grumet Yiqun Weng Department of Horticulture University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Plant Sciences Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China Horticulture College Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Horticulture College Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Beijing Vegetable Research Center Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA USDAARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit 1575 Linden Dr.MadisonWI 53706USA

Cucumber,Cucumis sativus L.(2n=2x=14),is an important vegetable crop *** was the first specialty crop with a publicly available draft *** relatively small,diploid genome,short life cycle,and selfcompatible mating system offers advantages for genetic *** recent years,significant progress has been made in molecular mapping,and identification of genes and QTL responsible for key phenotypic traits,but a systematic review of the work is ***,we conducted an extensive literature review on mutants,genes and QTL that have been molecularly mapped or characterized in *** documented 81 simply inherited trait genes or major-effect QTL that have been cloned or fine *** each gene,detailed information was compiled including chromosome locations,allelic variants and associated polymorphisms,predicted functions,and diagnostic markers that could be used for marker-assisted selection in cucumber *** also documented 322 QTL for 42 quantitative traits,including 109 for disease resistances against seven *** alignment of these QTL on the latest version of cucumber draft genomes,consensus QTL across multiple studies were inferred,which provided insights into heritable correlations among different *** collaborative efforts among public and private cucumber researchers,we identified 130 quantitative traits and developed a set of recommendations for QTL nomenclature in *** is the first attempt to systematically summarize,analyze and inventory cucumber mutants,cloned or mapped genes and QTL,which should be a useful resource for the cucurbit research community.

关键词： trait traits cucumber

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An Investigation of Drivers’ Comprehension of Distracted Driving Slogans

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2021年第2期11卷 128-138页

作者： Saidi Siuhi Judith Mwakalonge rebecca Wright Judy A. Perkins Department of Engineering South Carolina State University Orangeburg SC USA Civil and Environmental Engineering Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA

Distracted driving occurs when a driver diverts the primary attention from driving to another task. Using mobile devices such as a cellphone for texting, calls, or other manipulation while driving has the highest potential for distraction because it combines both forms of distractions, manual, visual, and cognitive. Some states in the US have posted slogans including “n>W8 2 TXT, it’s a law”, “Don’t Drive inTEXTicated”, “PLS dnt txt n drv”, “Don’t tempt F8 that txt can wn style="fo

关键词： Distracted Driving Road Safety Slogans Road Sign Comprehension Road Safety Campaign Road Safety Awareness

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Restoring soil health to reduce irrigation demand and buffer the impacts of drought

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第3期7卷 339-346页

作者： rebecca SCHnEIDER Stephen MORREALE Zhigang LI Erin MEnZIES PLUER Kirsten KURTZ Xilu nI Cuiping WAnG Changxiao LI Harold VAn ES Department of natural Resources Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Modeling and Spatial Analysis Lab Department of Geography and Environmental ManagementUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooN2L 3G1Canada Cornell Soil Health Laboratory Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of north-western China Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China State Key Laboratory of the Seedling Bioengineering Ningxia Forestry InstituteYinchuan 750004China Collge of Life Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department Soil and Crop Sciences Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA

Irrigation consumes three quarters of globalwater withdrawals each year. Strategies are needed toreduce irrigationwater use, including increasingtheefficiency of transfer methods and field *** restoration of soil health, specificallythrough organic matter amendments, can substantiallyreduce irrigation demand and increase crop yield. Aprogram to restore severely degraded and desertified soilsby incorporating coarse woodchips into the soil success-fully increased rainfall capture and elevated soil moisturefor several weeks between rainfall events at both ningxia,north-west China and north Dakota, USA. With additionof fertilizer, woodchip incorporation further increasedgrowth of wheat and alfalfa. Comprehensive soil healthassessment of remnant grasslands was used to developtarget reference soil profiles by which to guide restorationefforts. Given that most agricultural soils are degraded tosome degree, soil health restoration can provide a powerfulstrategy toward achieving global food and water security.

关键词： drought irrigation restoration soil health woodchips

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nutrient Evaluation of Dining Center Food Waste and Comparison to Monogastric and Ruminant Feedstuffs

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第3期13卷 323-335页

作者： nelsa M. Beckman Phillip A. Lancaster haley K. Otott Rachel n. Kort Katherine M. Krauss Melissa A. Schrader Jordan T. Gebhardt Charles R. Stark Chad B. Paulk Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan USA Department of Clinical Sciences Kansas State University Manhattan USA Department of Housing and Dining Kansas State University Manhattan USA Department of Diagnostic Medicine Pathobiology Kansas State University Manhattan USA

The objective of this study was to analyze the nutrient composition and variability of university dining hall food waste and compare it with common feedstuffs used in ruminant and monogastric diets. Food waste was categorized into two initial streams: mainstream (MS) from the serving line and vegetable preparation (VP) from the kitchen. Waste was collected from the Kramer Dining Center, Kansas State University, resulting in 30 daily samples. Waste was weighed and ground to homogenous particle size. Daily samples of MS and VP were analyzed for nutrient composition, where results were combined to calculate the nutrient profile of a hypothetical mixed food waste stream (MX) composited by total weight. Data were analyzed using R statistical software (v 4.2.2). Moisture and neutral detergent fiber (nDF) were greater in VP (P , while ether extract (EE) was less compared to MS and MX. Crude protein (CP) was greater (P n MS and MX streams compared to VP. The total digestible nutrients (TDn) and energy were greater in MS food waste than in MX, which was also greater than VP (P content, measured by standard deviation, was similar (P > 0.05) among streams for nDF, nitrogen-corrected neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble crude protein, CP, ash, lignin, and digestible and metabolizable energy. Dry matter and EE variation were greater (P n MS, whereas VP was less (P ndard deviation increased (P n MS and MX for neutral detergent insoluble crude protein, TDn, and gross energy when compared to VP. Despite having 70% - 80% moisture, dining hall food waste does have nutritive value and the potential to be included in ruminant and monogastric diets. Further research needs to be done to understand the value of including it in animal diets.

关键词： Food Waste Feedstuffs Monogastric Ruminant nutrient Variability

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Gait speed and hospitalization among ambulatory hemodialysis patients: USRDS special study data

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World Journal of nephrology 2014年第3期3卷 101-106页

作者： nancy G Kutner rebecca Zhang Yijian Huang Haimanot Wasse USRDS Rehabilitation/Quality of Life Special Studies Center Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 United States Renal Division Department of Medicine and USRDS Rehabilitation/Quality of Life Special Studies Center Emory University Atlanta GA30322 United States

AIM： To assess the association of measured gait speed with hemodialysis （HD） patients’ hospitalization, in conjunction with, and apart from, recent fall ***： Gait speed was measured by a standard protocol and falls during the past 12 mo were ascertained for a prevalent multi-center HD cohort （n = 668） aged 20-92. Hospitalization during the past 12 mo was identified in the patient’s clinic records, and the first hospitalization after gait speed assessment （or the competing event of death） was identifed in the 2013 United States Renal Data System Standard Analysis *** 34.7% of the patients, and 27.1% had experienced a recent fall. Patients with slow gait speed but without a history of recent falls were 1.79 times more likely to have been hospitalized during the past 12 mo （OR = 1.79, 95%CI： 1.11-2.88, P = 0.02）, and patients with slow gait speed and a history of recent falls were over two times more likely to have been hospitalized （OR = 2.10, 95%CI： 1.19-3.73, P = 0.01）, compared with patients having faster gait speed and no recent fall history. Prospective examination of gait speed/fall history status in relation to frst hospitaliza-tion （or death） incurred by the end of follow-up Decem-ber 31, 2011 also showed that slow gait speed was as-sociated with these events in conjunction with a history of falls （HR = 1.54, 95%CI： 1.04-2.30, P = 0.03）.COnCLUSIOn： The International Task Force on nutri-tion and Aging reported that gait speed is a powerful predictor for older adults of adverse outcomes such as hospitalization. In our data, gait speed-apart from, as well as in conjunction with, recent fall history-was as-sociated with HD patients’ hospitalization for multiple causes. Gait speed may be a sensitive health indicator among HD patients across the age spectrum.

关键词： Falls Gait speed Hemodialysis Hospitalization Walking disability

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