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Socio-Ecological Vulnerabilities and Major Cereal Crops Production in Bangladesh

Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2019年第6期9卷 231-243页

作者： Jatish C.Biswas A.F.M.T.Islam M.M.Haque M.Maniruzzaman M.B.Hossain A.K.Choudhury U.A.naher M.H.Ali W.Kabir n.kalra S.Rahnamayan Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur 1701Bangladesh Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Gazipur 1701Bangladesh Krishi Gobeshona Foundaion (KGF) Dhaka 1215Bangladesh nature Inspired Computational Intelligence (ECSE)UOITOshawa Ontario L1G0C5Canada

Bangladesh enjoys food self-sufficiency or deficiency depending on crop damages by drought, floods, cyclones, storm/tidal surges and other natural hazards. Data on climate extremes were collected from literatures. Landsat images were analyzed for water availability. Arithmetic, geometric and weighted means were calculated for community vulnerability delineation using IDRISI3.2. About 12.64% populations live in disaster prone areas and their sensitivity to exposed hazards depends on financial capabilities. Crop area damages by natural hazards were the highest in Dhaka division followed by Rajshahi division during 2009-2014. The highest economic loss ($613 million) was found in Barisal division followed by Dhaka ($198.7 million) division. Flooding was the most damaging climate extreme followed by drought and hailstorm. Rice crops are frequently exposed to climate extremes and caused economic loss of $228 million during 2009-2014. Economic losses were natural hazards. The most vulnerable areas are situated in the south-west and north-west part of the country. The most affected areas (35.4% of the country) had economic losses of $940-1,170 ha-1. About 2-4.7 million households (HH) were affected by different natural hazards in different regions of the country. Flood affected HHs were predominant in northern and north-east regions of the country. Common adaptations to natural hazard exposures are crop switching and migration. The other adaptation options could be improvement of post disaster recovery efficiency through financial support, supplying seeds and other inputs based on seasonal suitability.

关键词： Cereals climate change flood cyclones storm/tidal surge drought economic loss.

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Foundations of medical decision-making for older adults with cardiovascular disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第4期12卷 335-339页

作者： Hannah I Lipman Ankur kalra James n Kirkpatrick Department of Medicine Divisions of Geriatrics and Cardiology Montefiore Medical Center of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx N~ USA Minneapolis Heart Institute at Abbott northwestern Hospital Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Hennepin County Medical Center Minneapo- lis MN USA Cardiovascular Division Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania' Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA

为了帮助更老的成年人做好心血管的疾病，遨游复杂决定，临床医生们必须知道医药道德的信条并且有好通讯技巧。决策能力和知情同意的元素被考察，用说明基本概念的相关临床的例子。分享的决策模型，临床医生和病人一起由工作决定照顾的... 详细信息

为了帮助更老的成年人做好心血管的疾病，遨游复杂决定，临床医生们必须知道医药道德的信条并且有好通讯技巧。决策能力和知情同意的元素被考察，用说明基本概念的相关临床的例子。分享的决策模型，临床医生和病人一起由工作决定照顾的计划，被描述。实现分享的决策的有用通讯技术被建议。

关键词：心血管疾病决策依据老年人医疗临床医生决策能力医学伦理决策模型

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Ivabradine tolerability in heart failure

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第11期15卷 708-709页

作者： Sarah Birkhoelzer Daniel Stevens Donah Zachariah Jackie Taylor nigel Rowell Paul R kalra Portsmouth Hospitals nHS Trust UK Medical Affairs Department Servier Laboratories UK Glasgow Royal Infirmary UK South Tees Hospitals nHS Foundation Trust UK

The Systolic Heart failure treatment with the I( inhibitor ivabradine Trial (SHIFT, n = 6505) evaluated patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure (CHF), in sinus rhythm with resting heart rate ≥70 beats/min and... 详细信息

关键词： Heart failure Ivabradine Quality of life The elderly

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B细胞淋巴瘤的罕见表现:表皮脓肿

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 5-6页

作者： Zeltser R. kalra A. Stadecker M.J. Krejci-Papa n. 周欣

Cutaneous abscesses can result from many conditions and are primarily managed with incision,drainage and antibiotics, without the need for extensive diagnostic workup. We herein report a case of a B-cell lymphoma manifesting as an abscess on the back of a 67-year-old female. Standard therapies failed to improve her condition, and, by the time of tissue diagnosis, a greater than palm-sized necrotic ulcer eroding through skin and fat, and into the psoas muscle had developed. Primary or secondary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas almost never lead to tissue necrosis but should be entertained in cases of abscesses or ulcers with unusual presentation.

关键词：淋巴瘤坏死性腰肌

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Effect of Elevated Air Temperature and Carbon Dioxide Levels on Dry Season Irrigated Rice Productivity in Bangladesh

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1557-1576页

作者： M. Maniruzzaman J. C. Biswas M. B. Hossain M. M. Haque U. A. naher A. K. Choudhury S. Akhter F. Ahmed R. Sen S. Ishtiaque M. M. Rahman n. kalra Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) Gazipur Bangladesh Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) Gazipur Bangladesh Bangabandhu Sheik Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU) Gazipur Bangladesh Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi India

Agricultural productivity is affected by air temperature and CO2 concentration. The relationships among grain yields of dry season irrigated rice (Boro) varieties (BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan58) with increased temperatures and CO2 concentrations were investigated for futuristic crop management in six regions of Bangladesh using CERES-Rice model (DSSATv4.6). Maximum and minimum temperature increase rates considered were 0°C, +1°C, +2°C, +3°C and +4°C and CO2 concentrations were ambient (380), 421, 538, 670 and 936 ppm. At ambient temperature and CO2 concentration, attainable grain yields varied from 6506 to 8076 kg·ha-1 depending on rice varieties. In general, grain yield reduction would be the highest (13% - 23%) if temperature rises by 4°C and growth duration reduction would be 23 - 33 days. Grain yield reductions with 1°C, 2°C and 3°C rise in temperature are likely to be compensated by increased CO2 levels of 421, 538 and 670 ppm, respectively. In future, the highest reduction in grain yield and growth duration would be in cooler region and the least in warmer saline region of the country. Appropriate adaptive techniques like shifting in planting dates, water and nitrogen fertilizer management would be needed to overcome climate change impacts on rice production.

关键词： Maximum Temperature Minimum Temperature CO2 Levels Regional Variability Yield Compensation

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Simulating nitrogen and Irrigation Effects on Wheat Production in Bangladesh under Changing Climate

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第7期8卷 1593-1606页

作者： Ranjit Sen Apurba Kanti Choudhury Sohela Akhter Sheikh Ishtiaque Md. Abu Hena Sorwar Jahan Faruque Ahmed Jatish Chandra Biswas Md. Maniruzzaman Md. Main Uddin Miah Md. Mizanur Rahman naveen.kalra Md. Abdul Aziz A. S. M. Mahbubur Rahman Khan Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Gazipur Bangladesh Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur Bangladesh Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh CRP-II Project Krishi Gobeshona Foundation (KGF) Dhaka Bangladesh

Climate change impacts are visible in Bangladesh which requires adoption of judicious crop management practices for sustainable agriculture. Crop simulation models are effective in this regard and can be used for optimizing water and nitrogen inputs for maximization of wheat yields. Two field studies were conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) for evaluating the effect of increased temperature on wheat production under variable water and n rates, through the use of DSSAT v4.6 model. Thirty years historic weather data and BARI Gom-26 wheat-cultivar coefficients, as generated through use of GLUE of DSSAT model, were used for evaluating the impact of temperature rise with variable rates of irrigation water and nitrogen. The effects of four levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) and four irrigation levels [0 (no irrigation), 1, 2 and 3] on wheat yield were evaluated under 0°C, 1°C, 2°C and 3°C rise in temperature. Simulation results indicated that wheat yield increased with increase in nitrogen application rate, but decreased with the temperature rise. Crop growing duration was reduced by about five days for each degree rise in temperature, irrespective of levels of irrigation water and nitrogen-rates. In general, there was yield reduction of 8.13, 16.77 and 24.97 % with increased temperature of 1°C, 2°C and 3°C, respectively, when compared with no temperature rise treatment. For interaction of temperature rise-n dose, the magnitude of yield decline under temperature rise was higher with increased dose of n. Agronomic n use efficiency at different n rates and temperature rise level were calculated. n use efficiency decreases with the increase in temperature rise and the highest (29.95 kg grain kg-1 n) was obtained from 40 kg n ha-1 treated plot with 0°C temperature rise i.e. existing atmospheric temperature. Simulation results indicated increase in wheat yield with higher levels of irrigation water, and int

关键词： Climate Change Wheat Temperature Rise Irrigation nitrogen Bangladesh

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在镰状细胞疾病患儿中胎盘生长因子促进肺动脉高压的发生

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中华高血压杂志 2010年第9期18卷 864-864页

作者：叶鹏 Sundaram n Tailor A Mendelsohn L Wansapura J Wang X Higashimoto T Pauciulo MW Gottliebson W kalra VK nichols WC Kato GJ Malik P

在镰状细胞病（sickle cell disease，SCD）患者中，肺动脉高压通常被认为是造成一氧化氮生成减少和早期病死的原因之一。之前，该研究小组已发现胎盘生长因子（placenta growth factor，PLGF），一种由红细胞产生的血管生成因子，诱导... 详细信息

在镰状细胞病（sickle cell disease，SCD）患者中，肺动脉高压通常被认为是造成一氧化氮生成减少和早期病死的原因之一。之前，该研究小组已发现胎盘生长因子（placenta growth factor，PLGF），一种由红细胞产生的血管生成因子，诱导不受低氧控制的肺内皮细胞中肺血管收缩内皮素1（pulmonary vasoconstrictor endothelin-1）的表达。研究人员应用慢病毒载体，

关键词：胎盘生长因子肺动脉高压镰状细胞疾病患儿一氧化氮生成血管生成因子镰状细胞病肺血管收缩

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卒中看护者看护负担与生活质量的决定因素

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第2期 56-56页

作者： McCullagh E. Brigstocke G. Donaldson n. kalra L. 张殿增 Department of Medicine Guy's King's and St. Thomas's School of Medicine Denmark Hill Campus Bessemer Rd London SE5 9PJ United Kingdom.Dr

Background and Purpose-A large proportion of disabled stroke survivors live at home and are supported by informal caregivers. Identification of determinants of caregiver burden will help to target caregiver interventions. Methods -Data on patient, caregiver, and health and social support characteristics were collected prospectively over 1 year in 232 stroke survivors in a randomized trial of caregiver training. The contribution of these variables to caregiver burden score (CBS) and quality of life (QOL) measures at 3 months and 1 year was analyzed using regression models. Results -Stroke patients had a mean age of 74±11 years, and 120 (52%) were men. The mean age of caregivers was 65.7±12.5 years, 149 (64%) were females, and 116 (50%) had received caregiver training. The mean CBS was 48±13 and 38±11 (score range of bad to good 88 to 22) and QOL score was 75±16 and 75±15 (score range of bad to good O to 100) at 3 months and 1 year, respectively. CBS and QOL correlated with each other and with patient (age, dependency, and mood), caregiver (age, gender, mood, and training), and support (soci al services and family networks) variables. Of these, only patient and caregiver emotional status, caregiver age and gender, and participation in caregiver trai ning were independent predictors of either outcome at 3 months. Patient dependen cy and family support were additional independent predictors at 1 year. Social s ervices support predicted institutionalization but not caregiver outcomes. Concl usion -Advancing age and anxiety in patients and caregivers, high dependency, a nd poor family support identify caregivers at risk of adverse outcomes, which ma y be reduced by caregiver training.

关键词：看护者 CBS 决定因素预测因素 QOL

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评价口服水和注入低浓度硫酸钡在FDG-PET/CT的小肠成像中的影响

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国际医学放射学杂志 2010年第2期 193-193页

作者： M.A.Blake B.n.Setty C.G.Cronin M.kalra n.S.Holalkere A.J.Fischman 金涵弢 Department of Radiology Division of Nuclear MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA

本文旨在比较5种肠道准备方法,观察肠腔扩张情况及是否影响PET/CT中FDG摄取,最终选出一种最优方案。本研究符合HIPAA法案。选取90例病人,分为5组,每组18例,A

关键词： FDG-PET/CT 钡剂 PET 低浓度小肠 CT

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