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(DarkAI)Mapping the large-scale density field of dark matter using artificial intelligence

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 143-159页

作者： Zitong Wang Feng Shi Xiaohu Yang Qingyang li Yanming liu Xiaoping li School of Aerospace Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomyand Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and Key Laboratory for Particle Physics Astrophysics and CosmologyMinistry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Astronomy University of EdinburghRoyal ObservatoryEdinburgh EH93HJUnited Kingdom

Herein,we present a deep-learning technique for reconstructing the dark-matter density field from the redshift-space distribution of dark-matter *** built a Unet-architecture neural network and trained it using the COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration fast simulation,which is an approximation of the n-body simulation with 5123 particles in a box size of 500 h^(-1)***,we tested the resulting Unet model not only with training-like test samples but also with standard n-body simulations,such as the Jiutian simulation with 61443particles in a box size of 1000 h^(-1)Mpc and the ELUCID simulation,which has a different *** real-space dark-matter density fields in the three simulations can be reconstructed reliably with only a small reduction of the cross-correlation power spectrum at 1%and 10%levels at k=0.1 and 0.3 h Mpc-1,*** reconstruction clearly helps to correct for redshift-space distortions and is unaffected by the different cosmologies between the training(Planck2018)and test samples(WMAP5).Furthermore,we tested the application of the Unet-reconstructed density field to obtain the velocity&tidal field and found that this approach provides better results compared with the traditional approach based on the linear bias model,showing a 12.2%improvement in the correlation slope and a 21.1%reduction in the scatter between the predicted and true ***,our method is highly efficient and has excellent extrapolation reliability beyond the training *** provides an ideal solution for determining the three-dimensional underlying density field from the plentiful galaxy survey data.

关键词： dark matter large-scale structure cosmology

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Oxidation resistant low-alloyed Ti alloys with good ductility

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3921-3936页

作者： Meng li Zhang-Zhi Shi Jun-Yi Xu Fu-Zhi Dai Xiang-Min li Zi-lin li Lu-ning Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advance Metals and MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China

Oxidation resistance enhancement of pure Ti often comes at the cost of reduced ductility,which is frequently the problem through alloying with sole Al,Si,W,Mo and *** overcome the short coming of single element alloying,this paper proposes a multi-element low-alloying strategy to take advantage of synergistic effects and resolve the conflict between oxidation resistance and *** demonstrates that the addition of a small quantity of Ta(0.51wt%)can boost both oxidation resistance and ductility in comparison to pure ***,the combined addition of a small amount(0.54 wt%)of Ta,nb and Si not only preserves good ductility of pure Ti,but also reduces mass gains to 14%-67%of pure Ti during 100 h oxidation at 650-850℃in *** indicates even better oxidation resistance than that obtained through the use of Ta,nb,or nb+Ta *** Ta+nb+Si alloying creates an oxide layer that is less porous and more resistant to stratification and ***,a 3-μm n-rich layer can form in the Ti substrate beneath the oxide scale,in which phase transformation generates coherent Ti_(2)n with(0001)_(Ti)as the habit plane,with n atoms prefers to diffuse along■than along[0001]_(Ti).The completely transformed Ti_(2)n region or partially transformed Ti+Ti_(2)n region can effectively impede oxygen ***,the multielement low-alloying strategy is promising for enhancing both oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of metallic materials in the future.

关键词： Ti alloys Multi-element Co-alloying Oxidation resistance Mechanical properties

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Engineering Ru（n^n）3-modified covalent organic framework for photocatalytic olefin epoxidation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3719-3728页

作者： Yan-lin li Sheng-li Huang Guo-Yu Yang Key Laboratory of Cluster Science (Ministry of Education) Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology

Photocatalytic olefin oxidation using air as an oxidant is an environmentally friendly method for producing epoxides. Covalent organic frameworks（COFs） have emerged as promising photocatalysts in various organic synthesis reactions. The combination of tri-（2-pyridinal aldehyde）-containing precursor with 4,4’,4’’-（1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl）trianiline generated（n^n）-I-COF. Via imine-to-quinoline transformation and coordination anchorage of Ru（n^n）3unit, Ru（n^n）3@Q-COF was obtained with improved chemical stability, skeleton conjugation, and novel photochemical characteristics, and demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity in olefin epoxidation with a wide range of substrates. The presence of H2O played a crucial role in the formation of reactive oxygen species（ROSs）, which in turn influenced the olefin oxidation process. The hydrophilicity of Ru（n^n）3facilitated the approach of H2O and O2to the photogenerated charges, thereby promoting ROSs generation. The lipophilicity of Q-COF allowed for the absorption of olefin substrates, and its nano-channels increased encountering possibility between olefins and ROSs. Consequently, Ru（n^n）3@Q-COF provided an intriguing platform for olefin photooxidation and could be recycled multiple times without any degradation in performance. This report revealed that the conversion of classical ROSs into less potent oxidants with rapid kinetic rates played a crucial role in achieving highly efficient and selective epoxidation of terminal olefins.

关键词： polypyridyl Ru covalent organic framework olefin epoxidation photocatalysis

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Engineering single-atom Mn on nitrogen-doped carbon to regulate lithium-peroxide reaction kinetics for rechargeable lithium-oxygen batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 199-207页

作者： Yaling Huang Yong liu Yang liu Chenyang Zhang Wenzhang li Jie li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 4003HunanChina

Precision engineering of catalytic sites to guide more favorable pathways for li_(2)O_(2) nucleation and decom-position represents an enticing kinetic strategy for mitigating overpotential,enhancing discharge capac-ity,and improving recycling stability of li-O_(2) *** this work,we employ metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)derivation and ion substitution strategies to construct atomically dispersed Mn-n_(4) moieties on hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon(Mn SAs-nC)with the aim of reducing the over-potential and improving the cycling stability of li-O_(2) *** porous structure provides more chan-nels for mass transfer and exposes more highly active sites for electrocatalytic reactions,thus promoting the formation and decomposition of li_(2)O_(2).The li-O_(2) batteries with Mn SAs-nC cathode achieve lower overpotential,higher specific capacity(14290 mA h g^(-1) at 100 mAg^(-1)),and superior cycle stability(>100 cycles at 200 mA g^(-1))compared with the Mn nPs-nC and *** functional theory(DFT)cal-culations reveal that the construction of Mn-n_(4) moiety tunes the charge distribution of the pyridinic n-rich vacancy and balances the affinity of the intermediates(liO_(2) and li_(2)O_(2)).The initial nucleation of li_(2)O_(2) on Mn SAs-nC favors the O_(2)-→liO_(2)→li_(2)O_(2) surface-adsorption pathway,which mitigates the overpoten-tials of the oxygen reduction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).As a result,Mn SAs-nC with Mn-n_(4) moiety effectively facilitates the li_(2)O_(2) nucleation and enables its reversible *** work establishes a methodology for constructing carbon-based electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity for li-O_(2)batteries.

关键词： Single-atom Mn MOFs-oriented architecture Rechargeable li-O_(2)battery n-doped carbon Density functional theory calculation

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Single-atom Zn confined in hierarchical hollow microstructure as an acid/base-resistant microwave absorption materials

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nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6785-6794页

作者： Yue Lou Jiao li Xiaokun li Zhenyu Zhu Zhan Shi Biao Xu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Developing acid/base-resistant and low-price microwave-absorbing materials with lighter weight is highly desired for practical applications in extreme ***,we demonstrate the successful synthesis of the n-doped porous carbon(nC)material with hierarchical pore structure by the spray pyrolysis *** large specific surface area(SBET=707.53 m^(2)·g^(−1))of materials enables multiple scattering of incident electromagnetic waves,and n doping greatly enhances the electrical conductivity of the ***,single-atom Zn can adjust the local electronic structure of adjacent sites such as carbon and nitrogen atoms,induce the center of polarization,and thus change the dielectric and electronic properties of the host *** porous carbon coating of single-atom Zn avoids the deterioration of electromagnetic parameters caused by the accumulation of magnetic particles under high-temperature *** the same time,they can also be used in various complex environments,such as acidic and basic ***,nC-1000,with high surface area,low density,and good chemical stability,obtained a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of−50.5 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)exceeding 5.1 GHz at the thickness of 1.9 *** soaking in the strong acid and base solution,the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the material decreased bynd a simple preparation scheme are expected to expedite industrial mass production for this novel type of materials.

关键词： hierarchical hollow microstructure microwave absorption metal-organic framework(MOF) impedance matching singleatom Zn acid/base-resistant

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Current Status and Perspectives of Dual-Atom Catalysts Towards Sustainable Energy Utilization

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 402-440页

作者： Yizhe li Yajie li Hao Sun liyao Gao Xiangrong Jin Yaping li Zhi LV lijun Xu Wen liu Xiaoming Sun State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science EngineeringCollege of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China Xinjiang Coal Mine Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology Research Center Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionPeople’s Republic of China

The exploration of sustainable energy utilization requires the imple-mentation of advanced electrochemical devices for efficient energy conversion and storage,which are enabled by the usage of cost-effective,high-performance ***,heterogeneous atomically dispersed catalysts are considered as potential candidates for a wide range of *** to conventional cata-lysts,atomically dispersed metal atoms in carbon-based catalysts have more unsatu-rated coordination sites,quantum size effect,and strong metal-support interactions,resulting in exceptional catalytic *** these,dual-atomic catalysts(DACs)have attracted extensive attention due to the additional synergistic effect between two adja-cent metal *** have the advantages of full active site exposure,high selectiv-ity,theoretical 100%atom utilization,and the ability to break the scaling relationship of adsorption free energy on active *** this review,we summarize recent research advancement of DACs,which includes(1)the comprehensive understanding of the synergy between atomic pairs;(2)the synthesis of DACs;(3)characterization meth-ods,especially aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron spectroscopy;and(4)electrochemical energy-related *** last part focuses on great potential for the electrochemical catalysis of energy-related small molecules,such as oxygen reduction reaction,CO_(2) reduction reaction,hydrogen evolution reaction,and n_(2) reduction *** future research challenges and opportunities are also raised in prospective section.

关键词： Dual-atom catalysts Synergetic effect Electrocatalysis Oxygen reduction reaction CO_(2)reduction reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction n2 reduction reaction

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Process optimization and mechanism study of ionic liquid-based mixed amine biphasic solvents for CO_(2) capture in biogas upgrading procedure

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 43-57页

作者： Fanzhi Meng Siyu Han li lin Jinglin li Kailun Chen Jianguo Jiang School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This study focused on enhancing the efficiency of methane upgrading and reducing energy consumption in the biogas upgrading process through the use of biphasic *** aqueous-based biphasic solvent,comprising methyl monoethanolamine(MMEA),n-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate(ItFB),was meticulously *** biogas upgrading effect,regeneration efficiency,regeneration energy consumption,economic viability,selectivity,and phase separation characteristics of this absorbent were systematically *** parameters,including different inlet flow rates,stirring rate,methane inlet concentrations,reaction temperatures,and amine mixing ratios,were adjusted to investigate their impact.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the biogas upgrading effect and substance migration trends of the biphasic *** process parameters were determined,demonstrating the favorable impact of the biphasic solvent on biogas *** upgraded gas achieved a methane purity exceeding 96%,and the regeneration energy consumption decreased by 44.27% compared to 30 wt.%MEA,resulting in a more than 50% improvement in economic *** interaction between the ionic liquid and carbamate facilitated the phase separation process,with carbon enrichment after separation exceeding 95%.This enhancement significantly contributed to the improvement of regeneration energy *** study thus concludes that biphasic solvents,exemplified by the described aqueous-based solution,offer a promising avenue for effective biogas upgrading with notable advancements in economic and energy efficiency.

关键词： Biphasic solvents Biogas upgrading Energy consumption Process parameters Ionic liquid

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Chlorogenic acid ameliorates heart failure by attenuating cardiomyocyte ferroptosis Author links open overlay panel

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 191-198页

作者： Kai Huang Fanghe li Jiayang Tang Haiyin Pu Vasily Sukhorukov Alexander n.Orekhov Shuzhen Guo School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Laboratory of Angiopathology Institute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyRussian Academy of Medical SciencesMoscow125315Russia

Objective To elucidate the effects of chlorogenic acid(CGA),a bioactive polyphenol compound prevalent in traditional Chinese medicine and various foods,including Lonicera japonica Thunb.(Jin Yin Hua),Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.(Du Zhong Ye),tea,and coffee,on cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and heart *** We assessed the effect of CGA on cardiac function using a mouse model of heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction(TAC).These indicators included the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),fractional shortening(LVFS),end-systolic volume(LVESV),end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),end-systolic diameter(LVESD),and end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD).An isoprenaline hydrochloride(ISO)-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell model was also established,and the cells were treated with various concentrations of *** assess the effect of CGA on ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes,we measured cell viability and evaluated the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),ferrous ions(Fe^(2+)),and lipid peroxidation using fluorescent *** clarify the ferroptosis signaling pathway regulated by CGA,western blotting was used to examine the expression of ferroptosis biomarkers,specifically solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and mouse myocardial *** CGA significantly enhanced cardiac performance indices such as LVEF,LVFS,LVESV,LVEDV,LVESD,and LVEDD.H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to ISO showed decreased cell viability and increased ROS levels,Fe^(2+)content,and lipid peroxidation ***,CGA treatment significantly ameliorated these ***,in both H9c2 cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissue obtained from mice with TAC,CGA increased the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins,including SLC7A11 and *** CGA has the potential to enhance cardiac function and diminish lipid peroxidation and ROS levels in cardiomyocytes via the SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling *** process alleviat

关键词： Chlorogenic acid Heart failure Ferroptosis H9c2 cardiomyocyte Traditional Chinesemedicine

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All-optical complex field imaging using diffractive processors

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1122-1139页

作者： Jingxi li Yuhang li Tianyi Gan Che-Yung Shen Mona Jarrahi Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA California nanoSystems Institute(CnSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA

Complex field imaging,which captures both the amplitude and phase information of input optical fields or objects,can offer rich structural insights into samples,such as their absorption and refractive index ***,conventional image sensors are intensity-based and inherently lack the capability to directly measure the phase distribution of a *** limitation can be overcome using interferometric or holographic methods,often supplemented by iterative phase retrieval algorithms,leading to a considerable increase in hardware complexity and computational ***,we present a complex field imager design that enables snapshot imaging of both the amplitude and quantitative phase information of input fields using an intensity-based sensor array without any digital *** design utilizes successive deep learning-optimized diffractive surfaces that are structured to collectively modulate the input complex field,forming two independent imaging channels that perform amplitude-to-amplitude and phase-to-intensity transformations between the input and output planes within a compact optical design,axially spanning~100 *** intensity distributions of the output fields at these two channels on the sensor plane directly correspond to the amplitude and quantitative phase profiles of the input complex field,eliminating the need for any digital image reconstruction *** experimentally validated the efficacy of our complex field diffractive imager designs through 3D-printed prototypes operating at the terahertz spectrum,with the output amplitude and phase channel images closely aligning with our numerical *** envision that this complex field imager will have various applications in security,biomedical imaging,sensing and material science,among others.

关键词： field. utilize collective

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A direct electrochemical biosensor for rapid glucose detection based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2184-2192页

作者： Lan-Lan li Yu Zhao li-Jia Pan Jian-Bin Xu Yi Shi College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of HongKongHongkong 999077China

Given the increasing number of diabetic patients,rapid and accurate detection of glucose in body fluids is *** study developed a direct electrochemical biosensor for glucose based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages(nCnCs).nCnCs possess a large specific surface area of 1395 m^(2)·g^(-1),a high n atomic content of 9.37%and good biocompatibility,which is favorable for enzyme loading and electron *** surface average concentration of electroactive glucose oxidase on nCnCs was 2.82×10^(-10)mol·cm^(-2).The nCnC-based direct electrochemical biosensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 13.7μA·(mmol·L^(-1))^(-1)·cm^(-2),rapid response time of 5 s and an impressive electron-transferrate constant(ks)of 1.87 s^(-1).Furthermore,we investigated an nCnC-based direct electron transfer(DET)biosensor for sweat glucose detection,which demonstrated tremendous promise for non-invasive wearable diabetes diagnosis.

关键词： Direct electron transfer(DET) nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages(nCnCs) Glucose oxidase Biosensor

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