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Apalutamide for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer:final analysis of the Asian subpopulation in the TITAn trial

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第6期25卷 653-661页

作者： Byung ha Chung Jian Huang Hiroji Uemura Young Deuk Choi Zhang-Qun Ye Hiroyoshi Suzuki Taek Won Kang Da-Lin He Jae Young Joung Sabine D Brookman-May Sharon McCarthy Amitabha Bhaumik Anildeep singh Suneel Mundle Simon Chowdhury neeraj Agarwal Ding-Wei Ye Kim n Chi Hirotsugu Uemura Gangnam Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06273South Korea Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510123China Yokohama City University Medical Center Minami-kuYokohamaKanagwa 232-0024Japan Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Toho University Sakura Medical Center Chiba 285-0841Japan Chonnam national University Hospital and Medical School Gwangju 61469South Korea Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061China Prostate Cancer Center National Cancer CenterGoyang 10408South Korea Janssen Research and Development Spring HousePA 19002USA Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 80539Germany Janssen Research and Development RaritanNJ 08869USA Janssen Medical Affairs Asia PacificSingapore 118222Singapore Guy’s and St Thomas’nHS Foundation Trust London SE14YBUK University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute Salt Lake CityUT 84112USA Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai 200032China Vancouver Prostate Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish Columbia V6H 3Z6Canada Kindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka-Sayama 589-8511Japan

The final analysis of the phase 3 Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of novel Anti-androgen(TITAn)trial showed improvement in overall survival(OS)and other efficacy endpoints with apalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)versus ADT alone in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer(mCSPC).As ethnicity and regional differences may affect treatment outcomes in advanced prostate cancer,a post hoc final analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of apalutamide in the Asian ***-driven endpoints were OS,and time from randomization to initiation of castration resistance,prostate-specific antigen(PSA)progression,and second progression-free survival(PFS2)on first subsequent therapy or *** endpoints were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional-hazards models without formal statistical testing and adjustment for *** Asian patients received once-daily apalutamide 240 mg(n=111)or placebo(n=110)plus *** a median follow-up of 42.5 months and despite crossover of 47 placebo recipients to open-label apalutamide,apalutamide reduced the risk of death by 32%(hazard ratio[HR]:0.68;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.42–1.13),risk of castration resistance by 69%(HR:0.31;95%CI:0.21–0.46),PSA progression by 79%(HR:0.21;95%CI:0.13–0.35)and PFS2 by 24%(HR:0.76;95%CI:0.44–1.29)relative to *** outcomes were comparable between subgroups with low-and high-volume disease at *** new safety issues were *** provides valuable clinical benefits to Asian patients with mCSPC,with an efficacy and safety profile consistent with that in the overall patient population.

关键词： apalutamide Asia event-driven analysis metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer overall survival

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Site-Specific nitrogen Management in Dry Direct-Seeded Rice Using Chlorophyll Meter and Leaf Colour Chart

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 72-81页

作者： Ali Mohamed ALI harmit singh THInD Sandeep ShaRMA YADVInDER-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University Department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research Centre

The need to maintain high rice yields and improve fertilizer nitrogen(n)-use efficiency has fueled the use of tools such as leaf colour chart(LCC) and chlorophyll meter(SPAD meter) in managing fertilizer n based on colour of the leaf. Field experiments were conducted during 2011 to 2013 at Ludhiana, India to assess the need for basal n application and to establish critical threshold values of leaf greenness as measured by LCC and SPAD meter for formulating strategies for in-season management of fertilizer n in dry direct-seeded rice(DDSR). Avoiding application of n at sowing did not adversely affect rice grain yield, indicating that basal n application in DDSR was not necessary and might lead to reduced n-use efficiency. Monitoring n uptake rate during the growing season of DDSR suggested that n uptake rate peaked at the two growth stages: maximum tillering(42 to 56 days after sowing(DAS))and panicle initiation stages(70 to 84 DAS). Using the Cate-nelson procedure, critical LCC and SPAD meter values for fertilizer n application worked out to be 4 and 37, respectively. Real-time fertilizer n management strategy based on applying 30 kg n ha-1whenever SPAD meter or LCC readings fell below the critical values maintained optimum rice yields along with higher n-use efficiency than that observed by following blanket recommendation for fertilizer n in the region. The fixed-time variable-dose strategy consisted of applying prescriptive doses of 20 kg n ha-1at 14 DAS and 30 kg n ha-1at 28 DAS and corrective doses of 30, 40 or 50 kg n ha-1at 49 and 70 DAS depending upon LCC shade to be ≥ 4, 4–3.5, or nd SPAD meter readings to be ≥ 40, 40–35, orn optimal rice yield along with higher n-use efficiency as compared to the blanket recommendation. This study revealed that in DDSR, fertilizer n could be managed more efficiently using the tools of LCC and SPAD meter than the current blanket recommendation.

关键词： basal n application critical value grain yield leaf greenness n-use efficiency

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Bio-amelioration of alkali soils through agroforestry systems in central Indo-Gangetic plains of India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 887-896页

作者： Y.P.singh Gurbachan singh D.K.Sharma Central Soil Salinity Research Institute Regional Research StationLucknow (U.P.) 226005 India Indian Council of Agricultural Research New Delhi 110001 India Central Soil Salinity Research Institute Karnal Haryana 132001 India

A long-term field study was initiated during 1995 at Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow （26047＇58＂ n and 80°46＇24＂ E） to analyze the effect of agroforestry systems on amelioration of alkali soils. Three agroforestry systems （pas- toral, silvipastoral and silvicultural） were compared with the control where no agroforestry system was introduced. Tree-based silvicultural and silvipastoral systems were characterized by tree species Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica along with grass species Leptochloafusca, Panicum maximum, Trifolium alexandrium and Chloris gayana. Growth of ten-year-old Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica planted in combi- nation with grasses was significantly higher over the silviculture system with the same species. Tree biomass yields of P. juliflora （77.20 t·ha-1） and A. nilotica （63.20 t·ha-1） planted under silvipastoral system were significantly higher than the sole plantation of （64.50 t·ha-1 and 52.75 t·ha-1）. Fodder yield under the pastoral system was significantly higher than the silvipastoral system during initial years but it was at par with that of silvipastoral systems after eight years of plantation. The microbial biomass carbon in the soils of silvipastoral systems was significantly higher than in soils under sole plantation of trees and control systems. The Prosopis-based silvipastoral system proved more effective in reduc- ing soil pH, displacing na＋ from the exchange complex, increasing or- ganic carbon and available n, P and K. Improvement in soil physical properties such as bulk density, porosity, soil moisture and infiltration rate was higher in the Prosopis-based silvipastoral system than in the silviculture system or control On the basis of biomass production and improvement in soil health due to tree ＋ grass systems, silvipastoral agroforestry system could be adopted for sustainable reclamation ofhighly alkali soils.

关键词： agroforcstry systems alkali soils biomass production mi-crobial biomass soil amelioration

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Soil Carbon and nitrogen in Response to Perennial Bioenergy Grass, Cover Crop and nitrogen Fertilization

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 223-235页

作者： Upendra M. SAInJU hari P. singh Bharat P. singh USDA Agricultural Research Service Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Sidney MT 59270 (USA) Fort Valley State University Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley GA 31030 (USA)

Cover crop and nitrogen （n） fertilization may maintain soil organic matter under bioenergy perennial grass where removal of aboveground biomass for feedstock to produce cellulosic ethanol can reduce soil quality. We evaluated the effects of cover crops and n fertilization rates on soil organic carbon （C）（SOC）, total n （STn）, ammonium n （nH4-n）, and nitrate n （nO3-n） contents at the 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm depths under perennial bioenergy grass from 2010 to 2014 in the southeastern USA. Treatments included unbalanced combinations of perennial bioenergy grass, energy cane （Saccharum spontaneum L.） or elephant grass （Pennisetum pur- pureum Schumazh.）, cover crop, crimson clover （Trifolium incarnatum L.）, and n fertilization rates （0, 100, and 200 kg n ha-l）. Cover crop biomass and C and n contents were greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg n ha-1 than in the treatment of energy cane and elephant grass. The SOC and STn contents at 0-5 and 5-15 cm were 9%-20% greater in the treatments of elephant grass with cover crop and with or without 100 kg n ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. The soil nO3-n content at 0--5 cm was 31%-45% greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg n ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. The SOC sequestration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 Mg C ha-1 year-1 and the STn sequestration from 0.03 to 0.11 Mg n ha-1 year-1 from 2010 to 2014 for various treatments and depths. In contrast, the soil nH4-n and nO3-n contents varied among treatments, depths, and years. Soil C and n storages can be enriched and residual nO3-n content can be reduced by using elephant grass with cover crop and with or without n fertilization at a moderate rate.

关键词： C and n storages C sequestration feedstock management practices n cycling nitrate soil organic matter

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Crop productivity,soil health,and energy dynamics of Indian Himalayan intensified organic maize-based systems

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 260-270页

作者： Raghavendra singh Subhash Babu R.K.Avasthe Gulab singh Yadav Anup Das K.P.Mohapatra Amit Kumar Vinod K.singh Puran Chandra ICAR-national Organic Farming Research Institute GangtokSikkim737102India Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi110012India ICAR Research Complex for nEH Region Tripura CentreLembucherraTripura799210India ICAR-national Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New Delhi110012India

The sustainability of prevailing maize-fallow system in rainfed ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayan region(EHR)of India is often questioned due to poor economic return and negative impact on soil ***,the six cropping systems,maize-fallow(M-F),maize t cowpea-rapeseed(M t C-Rs),maize t cowpea-buckwheat(M t C-Bw),maize t cowpea-barley(M t CeB),maize t cowpea-garden pea(M t C-GP)and maize t cowpeaerajmash(M t C-R)in the main plot and three soil moisture conservation measures,no-mulch(nM),maize stover mulch(MSM)and maize stover t weed biomass mulch(MSM t WBM)in sub-plot were evaluated for four consecutive years(2014-18)at a Research Farm in fixed plot *** indicated that cowpea co-culture with maize and inclusion of winter crop increased maize yield by 6.2e23.5%over *** the systems,the M t C-GP recorded the highest crop *** residual effect of MSM t WBM increased maize grain yield by 19.1%over *** of maize t cowpea-winter crops significantly improved the available n(3.2e12.9%),P(3.6 e12.7%),K(1.9e26.3%),organic carbon(9.2e16.8%),microbial biomass carbon-MBC(15.2e43.9%)and dehydrogenases-Dha(17.2e42.3%)in soil at 0e15 cm depth as compared to *** M t C-GP also recorded maximum net return(US$2460 ha1),benefit:cost(B:C)ratio(2.86)and energy use efficiency(7.9%).The MSM t WBM recorded higher net return(US$1680 ha1)and B:C ratio(2.46)over ***,cowpea t maize-garden pea(M t C-GP)along with the application of MSM t WBM is a sustainable production practice to intensify the organically managed maize-fallow system in rainfed regions of the EHR of India and other similar ecosystems.

关键词： Crop intensification Energy productivity Gross return Soil health Water productivity

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Tree species composition and diversity in montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya in relation to environmental and soil properties

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第12期17卷 3097-3111页

作者： Dinesh singh RAWAT P.TIWARI Sudipta Kumar DAS J.K.TIWARI Department of Botany&Microbiology HNB Garhwal UniversitySrinagar(Garhwal)-246174UttarakhandIndia Central national Herbarium Botanical Survey of IndiaHowrah-711103West BengalIndia

The montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya were investigated for tree species composition and diversity in relation to environmental and edaphic variables.A stratified random sampling approach was adopted to collect the field data from each forest.A total of 39 tree species belonging to 31 genera and 23 families were recorded from the sampling area(6 forest stands ×10 plots in each).Lauraceae with 5 species was the largest family while Quercus(4 species) emerged as the largest ***-area curve(asymptote) predicted more species than the observed number of *** analysis has shown that the two Abies pindrow dominant forest stands had the highest similarity in tree species *** tree stem density ranged from 540-1170 ha-1,basal area 23.01-55.94 m^2 ha-1,ShannonWiener diversity index 1.69-2.49,evenness index0.42-0.74,beta diversity 0.40-0.82 and similarity index 0.17-0.54 in the six studied ***-way indicator species analysis(TWInSPAn) identified four distinct tree communities in the study area with Daphniphyllum himalayense,Abies pindrow,Quercus oblongata,and Pinus roxburghii as indicator species of corresponding *** correspondence analysis(CCA) ascertained the TWInSPAn results and revealed the relation of tree species with environmental and edaphic *** phytosociological attributes of tree species varied from one forest stand to another;however,the tree species richness,density,and diversity peaked at intermediate elevation on the north *** reveal that tree composition and diversity in the montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya are influenced by both environmental(elevation and slope aspect)and soil variables(texture,water holding capacity,moisture content,available n,exchangeable P,and pH).This study will help in understanding the forest distribution across the western Himalaya,guiding the conservationists and policymakers in carrying out conservation-related management activities,designing the long-

关键词： Diversity Tree species Montane forests Soil properties Western Himalaya

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Potential of conservation tillage and altered land configuration to improve soil properties,carbon sequestration and productivity of maize based cropping system in eastern Himalayas,India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 279-290页

作者： Gulab singh Yadav Anup Das Subhash Babu Kamal Prasad Mohapatra Rattan Lal Dipjyoti Rajkhowa Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern HillRegionTripura CentreTripuraIndia ICAR eIndian Agricultural Research Institute New DelhiIndia ICAR-national Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New DelhiIndia Carbon Management and Sequestration Center Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA ICAR Research Complex for nEH Region Nagaland CentreNagalandIndia

Poor soil properties especially low soil organic carbon(SOC)and nutrient and water retention capacities are major concern for sustainable agriculture in *** experiments were conducted to assess the effects of six combinations of tillage[conventional tillage(CT)and no-till(nT)]and land configurations[flat bed planting(FB),ridge and furrow planting(RF),and raised bed planting(RB)]on productivity and carbon(C)-sequestration potential of maize[(Zea mays L.)for green-cob in summer]-maize(for grains in rainy season)-field pea[(Pisum sativum *** winter]cropping system under humid mildtropical climate of Tripura,*** maize under nT-FB in 2012 and nT-RF in 2013 produced significantly higher green cob yield than that under ***,in rainy season,CT produced higher maize grain yield than nT *** pea seed yield was significantly the highest under *** two cropping cycles,nT systems had higher available n,P,K and 18.6e31.4%higher soil moisture content after rainy season maize than CT *** highest SOC-stock(0e30 cm)was observed under nT-FB,whereas,SOC-sequestration rate was maximum under nT-RB(0.85 Mg ha1 year1).Therefore,nT based systems can enhance the productivity and improve SOC-sequestration in cultivated soils of eastern ***,study recommended adoption of nT-RB/nT-FB to raise maize-maize-field pea system for improving productivity,improving C-sequestration and soil properties in the eastern Himalayas and similar eco-regions elsewhere.

关键词： Soil fertility Carbon sequestration Soil moisture Low productivity Hill ecosystem

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Tangential and Vertical Compact Torus Injection Experiments on the STOR-M Tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第2期7卷 2701-2704页

作者：肖持进 S.Livingstone A.K.singh E.Zhang A.Hirose Plasma Physics Laboratory Department of Physics & Engineering Physics University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 5E2Canada

This paper describes the setup and results of compact torus (CT) injection experiments on the STOR-M tokamak. Tangential CT injection into STOR-M induced H-mode-like phenomena including doubling the electron density, reduction in the ha radiation level, suppression of the floating potential fluctuations, suppression of the m = 2 Mirnov oscillations, and increase in the global energy confinement time. Experimental setup, bench-test results, and some preliminary injection data for vertical CT injection experiments on STOR-M will be shown. In addition, numerical simulations of the CT trajectories in tokamak discharges for both tangential and vertical injection geometries will be discussed.

关键词： compact torus tokamak H-mode

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Changes in species composition, diversity and biomass of herbaceous plant traits due to n amendment in a dry tropical environment of India

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第3期8卷 321-332页

作者： Punita Verma R.Sagar hariom Verma Preeti Verma Dharmendra K.singh Department of Botany Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

Aim European and north american studies have suggested that nitrogen(n)depositions reduce plant diversity and increase primary pro-ductivity due to changes in plant *** predict the vegetation response to future global change,experimental validations from other regions are widely *** assessed the effects of n treat-ment by urea fertilization on the diversity and biomass of the her-baceous plant traits(HPTs)in a dry tropical environment of *** Diversity and biomass of different HPTs were determined on the basis of data collected in year 2010,from 135,1 m×1 m plots dis-tributed over 15 *** plots were treated with urea fertilizer in different doses(Control,60 kgnha−1 yr−1 and 120 kg n ha−1yr−1)since 1st January *** plots were ordinated and data were subjected to appropriate statistical *** Findings Correspondence analysis(Ca)suggested uniqueness of species composition due to n *** number and biomass of the trait categories varied due to n fertilization and *** studied trait categories(except n-fixers)yielded maximum mean species number at moderate level of n *** levels of n fer-tilization exhibited different species diversity-primary productivity(D-P)***,study showed reduction in plant diver-sity due to increase in biomass at high rates of n *** Tall,erect,non n-fixers,annuals,grasses HPTs were favoured by n enrichment.n dose above 60 kg enhanced the biomass of fast grow-ing,erect,annuals,non n-fixers,nitrophilic *** changes in traits with n addition,especially the increase in annuals and grasses and decrease in typically n-rich n-fixers,have implications for sus-tainable cattle production.

关键词： biomass Ca ordination dry tropics n amendment herbaceous plant traits primary productivity species diversity

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Monitoring Land Use and Infrastructure Changes in Industrial Complex Using Geo-Informatics Technology in Gujarat State, India

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第10期7卷 1283-1298页

作者： Ajay n. Patel Vijay singh Bhagirath Kansara Manik H. Kalubarme Bindiya Panchal Bhaskarcharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar INDIA Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) Gandhinagar India

In the present study, detailed investigations have been carried out in Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) area in Vygra and Bharuch Talukas in Bharuch district of Gujarat State. Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-P6) LISS-III, LISS-IV and CARTOSAT digital data covering PCPIR area in Bharuch district for the period of January & February of 2011, 2012 and 2013 was analyzed for land use/land cover mapping and monitoring the changes in land use. Various thematic land use/land cover maps were prepared and GIS database for various thematic layers have been generated using satellite and ground based information. The results indicate that the major land use in the PCPIR area is agriculture with crop lands ranging from 61 to 63 per cent of the total area. Crop land has decreased from 64.7% during 2011 to 62.7% during 2013 in the PCPIR region. Area under plantations in PCPIR area has also decreased from 5.5% during 2011 to 5.2% during 2012. The industrial area has increased from 6.0% to 7.6% of the total area of the PCPIR region. The total built-up area (industries & village area) has increased from 7.1% during 2011 to 8.7% during 2013. Tree plantations in the area of around 42 ha were carried out by GIDC during 2012 and 2013 to increase the green cover in the PCPIR area.

关键词： Petroleum Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-IV Digital Data CARTOSAT Land Use/Land Cover Mapping GIS Environment Change Monitoring

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