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Ethanol mediated As(Ⅲ) adsorption onto Zn-loaded pinecone biochar：Experimental investigation,modeling,and optimization using hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第4期29卷 114-125页

作者： Mohd.Zafar n.Van Vinh Shishir Kumar Behera Hung-Suck Park Center for Clean Technology and Resource Recycling University of Ulsan Ulsan 680749 South Korea Department of Applied Biotechnology Sur College of Applied Sciences Sur 411 Al Shariya Sultanate of Oman Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan 680749 South Korea Chemical Engineering Department GMR Institute of Technology Rajam 532127 Srikakulam Dist. India

organic matters（oMs） and their oxidization products often influence the fate and transport of heavy metals in the subsurface aqueous systems through interaction with the mineral surfaces. This study investigates the ethanol（eto H）-mediated As（Ⅲ） adsorption onto Zn-loaded pinecone（PC） biochar through batch experiments conducted under Box–Behnken design. The effect of eto H on As（Ⅲ） adsorption mechanism was quantitatively elucidated by fitting the experimental data using artificial neural network and quadratic modeling approaches. The quadratic model could describe the limiting nature of eto H and pH on As（Ⅲ） adsorption,whereas neural network revealed the stronger influence of Et oH（64.5%） followed by pH（20.75%）and As（Ⅲ） concentration（14.75%） on the adsorption phenomena. Besides, the interaction among process variables indicated that Et oH enhances As（Ⅲ） adsorption over a pH range of2 to 7, possibly due to facilitation of ligand–metal（Zn） binding complexation ***, hybrid response surface model–genetic algorithm（RSM–GA） approach predicted a better optimal solution than RSM, i.e., the adsorptive removal of As（Ⅲ）（10.47 μg/g） is facilitated at 30.22 mg C/L of Et oH with initial As（Ⅲ） concentration of 196.77 μg/L at pH 5.8. The implication of this investigation might help in understanding the application of biochar for removal of various As（Ⅲ） species in the presence of oM.

关键词： As(Ⅲ) removal Competitive adsorption Ethanol Box–Behnken design Artificial neural network Hybrid RSM–GA optimization

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Traditional Soaking Processes on the in Vitro Digestibility of Taro(Colocasia esculenta ***)Flour

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2014年第3期5卷 258-263页

作者： Imar Djibrine Soudy Laurent Alves de oliveira nicolas Limas nzouzi Mamadou Godefroy Izzedine Abdelaziz Arada ousmane Dahab Atteib Djidda Alhadj Alfaroukh oumar Idriss Bruno eto Denis Grancher Institut Universitaire des Sciences et Techniques AbéchéTchad Biotechnopole Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le DéveloppementN’DjamenaTchad Laboratoires TBC TransCell-Lab Facultéde Médecine Xavier BichatUniversité Paris-Diderot Paris 7ParisFrance Laboratoire de nutrition et Alimentation VetAgro Sup-Campus VétérinaireUniversitéde LyonLyonFrance

A traditional process used by farmers in Chad consists in soaking slices of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. SCHoTT) in tamarind infusion, or in corn solution or in water over a 24-hour period to reduce the acridity of taro and facilitate cooking. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of traditional soaking on the in vitro digestibility of taro flour using or not using an α-amylase enzyme. The digestion without the enzyme has shown that the soaking processes improve the digestibility of taro flour (from 39.30% for the control sample to 75.11% (after tamarind infusion) and 78.67% (treatment with water) after 24 hours of soaking). Soaking over a 6-hour period and preferentially in tamarind infusion or in corn solution obtains highly digestible flour (around 95% of digestibility rate after 3 hours of enzymatic digestion).

关键词： Colocasia esculenta L.SCHoTT Soaking Corn Zea mays L. Tamarind Tamarindus indica L. In Vitro Di-gestibility Amylase

Kp Pan Evaporation and eto Monthly Maps Using Information of 60 Weather observatories Included in the Climate normals (1941-1970) from Mexico

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第15期6卷 1475-1500页

作者： Martín Mundo-Molina Investigation Centre Faculty of Engineer Autonomous University of Chiapas Tuxtla Gutiérrez Mexico

The most precise equation in order to estimate the evapotranspiration (ET) of crops is the Penman-Monteith (PM). However, the PM equation needs specific data that, in the majority of Mexico’s irrigation districts, it is not available because there are few automated weather stations. For this reason, it is convenient to develop simple methods that allow to precise estimation of ET. A reliable way to estimate ET is by using the pan evaporation that, according to the revised literature, continues to be used nowadays. Investigators like to include its use in irrigation water management projects in various parts of the world. However, this method uses Kp from the FAo that is not calibrated in Mexico. The use of FAo Kp affects the precision of the results, since some variables like radiation, wind, temperature and relative humidity vary from place to place;therefore ET is under estimated or overestimated. This paper presents an original contribution across method to estimate “Kp pan evaporation and eto monthly maps”, using information from 60 weather observatories included in The Climate normals (1941-1970) from Mexico, based on the PM method and the class A pan evaporation. once the Kp values were obtained from each weather observatory, the Kringing method was used. This way, by interpolating data of the triad “latitude, longitude and Kp” and “latitude, longitude and ET”, monthly normalized maps of Kp and ET were established for Mexico, except the upland areas (Sierra Madre occidental and Sierra Madre oriental), as well as other highland zones above 2700 meters over sea level, for the highest observatory is located in Toluca, State of Mexico (key 14-0039), at 2680 m over sea level.

关键词： Reference Evapotranspiration Pan Evaporation Kp Pan Evaporation

California Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water and Agricultural Energy Use in California

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第8期12卷 1371-1388页

作者： Morteza n orang Richard L Snyder Shu Geng Quinn J Hart Sara Sarreshteh Matthias Falk Dylan Beaudette Scott Hayes Simon Eching California Department of Water Resources Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California School of Environment and Energy Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking University

The California Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water （CaI-SIMETAW） model is a new tool developed by the California Department of Water Resources and the University of California, Davis to perform daily soil water balance and determine crop evapotranspiration （eto）, evapotranspiration of applied water （ETaw）, and applied water （AW） for use in California water resources planning. ETaw is a seasonal estimate of the water needed to irrigate a crop assuming 100% irrigation efficiency. The model accounts for soils, crop coefficients, rooting depths, seepage, etc. that influence crop water balance. It provides spatial soil and climate information and it uses historical crop and land-use category information to provide seasonal water balance estimates by combinations of detailed analysis unit and county （DAU/County） over Califomia. The result is a large data base of ETc and ETaw that will be used to update information in the new California Water Plan （CWP）. The application uses the daily climate data, i.e., maximum （Tx） and minimum （Tn） temperature and precipitation （Pcp）, which were derived from monthly USDA-nRCS PRISM data （PRISM Group 2011） and daily US national Climate Data Center （nCDC） climate station data to cover California on a 4 kmx4 km change grid spacing. The application uses daily weather data to determine reference evapotranspiration （eto）, using the Hargreaves-Samani （HS） equation （Hargreaves and Samani 1982, 1985）. Because the HS equation is based on temperature only, eto from the HS equation were compared with CIMIS eto at the same locations using available CIMIS data to determine correction factors to estimate CIMIS eto from the HS eto to account for spatial climate differences. CaI-SIMETAW also employs near real-time reference evapotranspiration （eto） information from Spatial CIMIS, which is a model that combines weather station data and remote sensing to provide a grid of eto information. A second database containing the available soil water

关键词： soil water balance crop water requirements weather generator water resource planning crop coefficient energy use

抽吸获取的脂肪组织中活脂肪细胞、未成活脂肪细胞和其他细胞成分数量的测定

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中国美容整形外科杂志 2011年第7期22卷 I0022-I0023页

作者： Hirotaka Suga Daisuke Matsumoto Keita Inoue Tomokuni Shigeura Hitomi eto noriyuki Aoi Harunosuke Kato Hiroaki Abe Kotaro Yoshimura 魏峰(译) 高景恒(译) 张晨(译) 日本东京东京大学医学院整形外科 Biomaster公司研究所《中国美容整形外科杂志》编辑部大连大学附属新华医院整形外科

背景分析脂肪组织中脂肪细胞和其他细胞成分生存能力和数量的方法仍需进一步评估。方法作者采用抽吸法获得1g脂肪组织，利用离心分离法将脂肪组织分层（顶层、中层和底层），利用烟酸己可碱33342和碘化丙啶为细胞染色，采用二甲氧唑黄... 详细信息

背景分析脂肪组织中脂肪细胞和其他细胞成分生存能力和数量的方法仍需进一步评估。方法作者采用抽吸法获得1g脂肪组织，利用离心分离法将脂肪组织分层（顶层、中层和底层），利用烟酸己可碱33342和碘化丙啶为细胞染色，采用二甲氧唑黄比色法（2，3-bis（2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl）-5-[（phenyl-amino）carbonyl]-2H-tet-razoliumhydroxide，XTT）和甘油一3．磷酸脱氢酶试验（n=10）评估细胞生存能力和数量。分析配制细胞（脂肪细胞，脂肪基质细胞，和白细胞）数量与XTY和甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶试验分析结果之间的关联（凡=5）。从相同脂肪组织中分离血管基质部分细胞，并利用多色流式细胞术检测其细胞成分（n=5）。结果烟酸己可碱33342和碘化丙啶染色法将活的脂肪细胞从脂肪粒，死亡脂肪细胞和其他细胞中区分开。作者从1g的抽吸脂肪组织中获得6．9×10^5个未破碎脂肪细胞；原脂肪细胞中有30％发生破碎。XTT和甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶试验均显示了活脂肪细胞的数量与分析结果之间具有显著相关关系，但是只有甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶试验结果对脂肪细胞有严格特异性。本研究还发现，脂肪基质细胞与脂肪细胞的比率大于之前研究的描述。结论本研究中单独使用一种或联合使用2种生存能力分析法，均能确定脂肪细胞和其他细胞的数量，但是不采用组织分离而直接评估原始细胞仍有困难。

关键词：脂肪细胞脂肪组织细胞成分抽吸法脂肪基质细胞细胞生存能力多色流式细胞术数

Physical-Mathematical Foundations of the Penman Equation from the Perspective of the First Law of Thermodynamics and Energy Balance Theory

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第12期9卷 1377-1390页

作者： Martín Mundo-Molina Enrique De Coss-Gomez Investigation Centre Faculty of Engineer Autonomous University of Chiapas Tuxtla Gutierrez Mexico Investigation Centre CIDESTA Tuxtla Gutierrez Mexico

The evapotranspiration is indispensable for the planning and management of water resources in watersheds and for the design of important engineering projects. The accuracy of its estimation depends, among other things, on the proper determination of the date and frequency of irrigation. one of the most accurate equations for estimating the reference crop evapotranspiration (eto) is the Penman-Monteith equation, which was derived from the Penman equation published in 1948, which in turn is based on the energy balance equation. In this paper we present the theoretical foundations of Penman’s equation from the perspective of the first law of thermodynamics and the theory of energy balance as a contribution for the students and engineers who use Penman’s or Penman-Monteith equations in a utilitarian way within the historical and theoretical framework of the origin of this equation.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Penman Penman-Monteith Irrigation Requirement