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Starburst amacrine cells,involved in visual motion perception,lose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson’s disease patients

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Translational neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 638-653页

作者： Xavier Sánchez-Sáez Isabel Ortuño-Lizarán Carla Sánchez-Castillo Pedro Lax nicolás Cuenca Department of Physiology Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigSpain Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedi-cal Research(ISABIAL) AlicanteSpain Ramón Margalef Institute University of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigSpain.

Background The main clinical symptoms characteristic of Parkinson’s disease(PD)are bradykinesia,tremor,and other motor ***,non-motor symptoms,such as visual disturbances,can be identified at early stages of the *** of these symptoms is the impairment of visual motion ***,we sought to determine if the starburst amacrine cells,which are the main cellular type involved in motion direction selectivity,are degenerated in PD and if the dopaminergic system is related to this *** Human eyes from control(n=10)and PD(n=9)donors were available for this *** immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy,we quantified starburst amacrine cell density(choline acetyltransferase[ChAT]-positive cells)and the relationship between these cells and dopaminergic amacrine cells(tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and vesicular monoamine transporter-2-positive presynapses)in cross-sections and wholemount *** First,we found two different ChAT amacrine populations in the human retina that presented different ChAT immunoreactivity intensity and different expression of calcium-binding *** populations are affected in PD and their density is reduced compared to ***,we report,for the first time,synaptic contacts between dopaminergic amacrine cells and ChAT-positive cells in the human *** found that,in PD retinas,there is a reduction of the dopaminergic synaptic contacts into ChAT *** Taken together,this work indicates degeneration of starburst amacrine cells in PD related to dopaminergic degeneration and that dopaminergic amacrine cells could modulate the function of starburst amacrine *** motion perception circuitries are affected in PD,their assessment using visual tests could provide new insights into the diagnosis of PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Retinal neurodegeneration Human retina ChAT amacrine cells Dopaminergic amacrine cells

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Extremely unusual case of gastrointestinal trichobezoar

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第5期3卷 466-469页

作者： Sopan n Jatal nawab P Jamadar Bhagwat Jadhav Saleha Siddiqui Sachin B Ingle Jatal Hospital and Research Centre Latur Maharashtra 4132512 India Department of Anesthesia MIMSR Medical College Latur Maharashtra 4132512 India Department of Pathology MIMSR Medical College Latur Maharashtra 4132512 India Department of Pathology and Secretary Research and Development MIMSR Medical College Latur Maharashtra 4132512 India

Trichobezoars(hair ball) are usually located in the stomach, but may extend through the pylorus into the duodenum and small bowel(Rapunzel syndrome). Rapunzel syndrome remains uncommon; with fewer than 40 cases reported. To the best of our knowledge, this case may be the first well-documented case with a length of 75 cm. They are almost always associated with trichotillomania and trichophagia or other psychiatric disorders. In the literature several treatment options are proposed, including removal by conventional laparotomy, laparoscopy and endoscopy. Herein, we are reporting an interesting case of an 18-year mentally retarded girl with history of trichotillomania and trichophagia who presented to our emergency department with a history of central abdominal pain associated with vomiting and constipation for five days. An examination showed a trichobezoar requiring emergent surgical intervention, and indicating the need for psychiatric treatment. The trichobezoar was treated successfully by laparoscopy.

关键词： Giant Trichobezoar Therapy Endoscopy Trichotillomania Rapunzel syndrome Laparoscopy

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Outcome of Leflunomide in the Treatment of Proliferative Lupus nephritis Compared to Cyclophosphamide

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第3期9卷 64-76页

作者： Shahida Mullah Muhammad Rafiqul Alam Shamim Ahmed Amanur Rasul Md. Faisal Anirban Kishor Singha A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman Diwakar Manandhar Asif Mahmud Bikram bir Bajracharya S. M. Shamsuzzaman Rafi nazrul Islam Md. Rezaul Alam Ferdous Jahan Department of Medicine Sarkari Karmachari Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Rheumatology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of nephrology Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of nephrology Kurmitola General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Lecturer of nephrology Kist Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kathmandu Nepal Clinical Fellow ST3+ Medicine and Specialties Worcestershire Royal Hospital Worcester UK Goshairhat Upazila Health Complex Shariatpur Bangladesh Department of nephrology & Dialysis BIRDEM General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Lupus nephritis (Ln) is one of the most common presentations of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cyclophosphamide is one of the key immunosuppressive agents for the management of Ln. Leflunomide is an i... 详细信息

ng>Background: ng>Lupus nephritis (Ln) is one of the most common presentations of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cyclophosphamide is one of the key immunosuppressive agents for the management of Ln. Leflunomide is an isoxazole immunomodulatory agent has been shown to be safe, well tolerated and effective in SLE and Ln. ng>Objective: ng>To evaluate the outcome of leflunomide in the treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis compared to cyclophosphamide. ng>Method: ng>This randomized clinical trial was held in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2017 to August 2019. A total of 66 patients of proliferative lupus nephritis who need induction therapy were enrolled in this study. Leflunomide 100 mg/day for consecutive 3 days followed by 0.5 mg/kg/day in divided dose was given in experimental group (n = 32) and intravenous cyclophosphamide 0.5 gm/m2 of body surface area monthly pulse was given in control group (n = 34). All study patients have received prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine according to KDIGO guideline then followed up monthly for 6 months. Outcomes were measured at 6th month by renal function [S. Creatinine, 24 hours urinary total protein (24-hr UTP)], changes in SELEnA-SLEDAI score, anti-ds DnA level, serum complement levels (serum C3 & C4), remission (complete/partial) and adverse drug responses.ng> Result:ng> In experimental group, remission occurred in 18 (56.3%) patients and no remission in 14 (43.7%) patients. In control group, remission occurred in 24 (70.6%) patients and no remission in 10 (29.4%) patients. Adverse effects in experimental group were: elevated ALT (6.3%), hypertension (12.5%), infection (6.3%) and amenorrhea (12.5%). In control group, adverse effects were mainly leucopenia (5.9%), infection (17.7%) and amenorrhea (29.4%). Intergroup analysis for treatment responses and adverse effects showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). ng>Concl

关键词： Cyclophosphamide Leflunomide Lupus nephritis (Ln) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

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Estimation of As and Cu Contamination in Agricultural Soils Around a Mining Area by Reflectance Spectroscopy:A Case Study

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Pedosphere 2009年第6期19卷 719-726页

作者： REn Hong-Yan ZHUAnG Da-Fang A. n. SInGH PAn Jian-Jun QIU Dong-Sheng SHI Run-He College of Resource and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China) Resource and Environmental Science Data Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 (China) Key Laboratory of Resources Remote Sensing & Digital Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture Beijing 100081 Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh-160014 (India) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science for Ministry of Education East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 (China)

Concentrations of Iron (Fe), As, and Cu in soil samples from the fields near the Baoshan Mine in Hunan Province, China, were analyzed and soil spectral reflectance was measured with an ASD FieldSpec FR spectroradiometer (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc., USA) under laboratory condition. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models were constructed for predicting soil metal concentrations. The data pre-processing methods, first and second derivatives (FD and SD), baseline correction (BC), standard normal variate (SnV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), and continuum removal (CR), were used for the spectral reflectance data pretreatments. Then, the prediction results were evaluated by relative root mean square error (RRMSE) and coefficients of determination (R 2 ). According to the criteria of minimal RRMSE and maximal R 2 , the PLSR models with the FD pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.24, R 2 = 0.61), SnV pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.08, R 2 = 0.78), and BC-pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.20, R 2 = 0.41) were considered as the final models for predicting As, Fe, and Cu, respectively. Wavebands at around 460, 1 400, 1 900, and 2 200 nm were selected as important spectral variables to construct final models. In conclusion, concentrations of heavy metals in contaminated soils could be indirectly assessed by soil spectra according to the correlation between the spectrally featureless components and Fe; therefore, spectral reflectance would be an alternative tool for monitoring soil heavy metals contamination.

关键词： data pre-processing heavy metal regression models soil iron spectral reflectance

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Etiology and resistance of asymptomatic bacteriuria isolates among school going children in Sanadaj-Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第4期1卷 28-31页

作者： Sofei-Majidpur H Kalantar E Verdi F Khaksar n Shahsavari S Beiranvand S Department of Urology Beassat HospitalKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran Department of Microbiology School of MedicineKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran Microbiology Laboratory Qodss HospitalKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran Department of Hygiene School of HealthKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran Food and Drug Department Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of asymptomatic bacteriuria pathogens isolated among school going children in Sanandaj,***:A total of 1 457 urine samples of 5 to 10 years children from forty different schools of Sanandaj city were screened to see asymptomatic bacteriuria during november 2007 to June ***:Bacterial colony count of over (105) colony forming units CFU/ mL were found in 28(1.90%) of total cases,with 767(52.64%) girls and 690(47.35%) *** highest class-specific prevalence was found in the fourth standard(2.8%) and the lowest in the first standard(1.0%).The dominant bacterial isolates were *** 20(74.1%),followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 04(14.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus 04(14.8%).Cefotaxime,Cefixime,Kanamycin, Co-trimoxazole,nalidicxic acid,nitrofurantoin and Amoxicillin,resistance rates were above 90.0%. Ceftriaxone expressed the highest susceptibility among *** ***,*** showed 100. 0%resistance to ***:In the present study in which Escherichia coli is the most frequently incriminated as the causative *** results show a very serious antibiotic resistance of *** isolated. Surveillance and monitoring studies will be essential in preventing of renal scarring or other abnormalities.

关键词： School going children Asymptomatic Urinary tract infections

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Inflammatory bowel diseases: A disease (s) of modern times? Is incidence still increasing?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第36期14卷 5491-5498页

作者： Cristina Saro Gismera Beatriz Sicilia Aladrén Service of Digestive Diseases Hospital de Cabuees Gijón Spain Service of Digestive Diseases Alcaiz Hospital Spain

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases, not always easy to diagnose, even more difficult to classify, and diagnostic criteria are not always uniform. Well done population-based studies are not abundant, and so comparisons among different geographical areas or populations are not always very reliable. In this article, we have reviewed epidemiological studies available on the world’s population while making a critical review of published data.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Epidemiological Incidence Diagnostic criteria

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Precipitation variability in Portugal from 1960 to 2011

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第7期25卷 784-800页

作者： A.n.nUnES L.LOUREnO Center for Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning(CEGOT) Department of Geography University of Coimbra

This study analyses spatial variab （amount and concentration） based on data lity and trends in annual and monthly precipitation from 42 stations in mainland Portugal during the period 1960-2011. Relationships between certain geographic variables （elevation, latitude and longitude） and precipitation variability were also determined in order to check for specific dependencies and spatial patterns in precipitation distribution, concentration and changing trends. Trends and relationships have been analysed using both parametric and non-parametric tests. The results showed that annual precipitation had decreased in all stations and that this trend is statistically significant for most of the time series （70% of the stations showed nega- tive trends with at least a 0.1 significance level）. The Annual Precipitation Concentration In- dex revealed an opposite behaviour pattern, suggesting that even though the annual trend for precipitation amount was negative overall, more than half of the udometric stations registered a more marked seasonality for precipitation during the period 1960-2011. However, only one station showed statistical significant time trend. Regarding the influence of geographical features, latitude is the most important variable, governing spatial distribution and variations in annual precipitation as well as its intra-annual changeability. These important changes in precipitation, involving both amount and concentration, may have severe consequences for ecosystems and societies.

关键词： precipitation trend precipitation concentration index spatial patterns geographical variables Portugal

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Study of Trace Ions in Wet Deposition of an Industrial Site in Monterrey’s Metropolitan Area, Mexico

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Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Evangelina Ramírez-Lara Rosa María Cerón-Bretón Julia Griselda Cerón-Bretón Ulrico López-Chuken Jonathan Kahl Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León San Nicolás de los Garza México Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma del Carmen Ciudad del Carmen México Department of Mathematical Science University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee USA

The chemistry of rainwater has been subject to numerous investigations during the last two decades due to the increase of environmental problems caused by the acid deposition. The present study focuses on one aspect of air pollution, the chemical composition of wet deposition of an industrial zone. The sampling period was from March to December 2009. The station was located on the roof of the Chemistry School at the University of nuevo León, an area in the north of Monterrey where the majority of pollution is generated. Twenty-five wet precipitation samples were collected with an automatic sampler and analyzed for pH, ions (, , Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, na+, K+) and conductivity. The results show that the average pH is higher than 5.6;the characteristics of the rainwater studied are of alkaline nature due to the values of pH found;there is an evident anthropogenic source contributing to the alkaline of rain water. In order to find possible association between ions and consequently the possible sources of pollutants correlation study was applied using the program SPSS v.12. Good correlations were found between ions and along with Ca2+ and Mg2+. The local extraction industry and surrounding aerosols might be causing of alkaline rain which may be due to the neutralization effect of particulate matter. This study represents a continuation of the studies of rainwater chemistry in the northeast of Mexico.

关键词： Wet Deposition Air Quality Monterrey Air Pollution

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Metal-Ceramic Smart Composite in Ti(C,n)-ni-Mo-W System

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2016年第2期6卷 42-51页

作者： Z. Kovziridze n. nizharadze G. Tabatadze E. nikoleishvili M. Mshvildadze Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies Georgian Technical University Tbilisi Georgia

Goal: Low wolfram-containing cutting composite was obtained by fusion of titanium carbonitride and high melting temperature binding metallic phase. Method: The composite was obtained via compaction and further sintering in vacuum furnace at 1600°C under 10-3 Pa pressure. Phase analysis was performed on X-ray apparatus “DROn-3”;microstructure was determined by electron microscope nAnOLAB-7, microhardness by MUCKE-mark microhardness meter;relative resistance of cutters was evaluated at similar modes of cutting according to distances they passed;experiments were carried out on turning lathe. Results: Physical-mechanical characteristics of the obtained composite are: σbend, = 1000 - 1150 MPa, σbend1000°C = 600 MPa, HV = 14 GPa;HV1000°C = 6.5 GPa. High speeds of cutting and high temperatures resistance of cutters made by the obtained composites exceeds 1.5 - 2-folds that of cutters made of the known BK8 and KnT20 hard alloys. Conclusion: Its application is recommended in hot steel treatment by cutting, for removal of the so-called burrs, as well as in steel treatment by cutting during pure and semi-pure operations. It can also be used in jet engines, chemical industry apparatuses, electric-vacuum devices, in industry of responsible details of rockets, nuclear reactors, flying apparatuses.

关键词： Metal-Ceramic Composite Cutting Material High-Temperature Heatproof Micro Hardness

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Experimental Analysis of a node B Coverage Based on the CPICH and Ec/Io Values

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2011年第1期2卷 23-29页

作者： Iván Zamudio-Castro Sergio Vidal-Beltrán Jazmín Ponce-Rojas Jorge Sosa-Pedroza 不详

This paper presents experimental results of a coverage analysis in a WCDMA network using the 850 MHz band;an urban electromagnetic propagation environment is considered. Obtained coverage estimation maps are based on Krige statistical method of interpolation. Key performance parameters used in this work are the CPICH and Ec. The results could be used to identify problems and help to optimize cell coverage and capacity in a given service area.

关键词： WCDMA Coverage Analysis CPICH Ec/Io

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