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Synergism Among VA Mycorrhiza, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Rhizobium for Symbiosis with Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) Under Field Conditions

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Pedosphere 2001年第4期11卷 327-332页

作者： A．TOMAR n.kumar 等 DepartmentofSoilScience CollegeofAgricultureG.B.PantUniversityofAgricultureandTechnologyPantnagar－263145（Indina） DepartmentofSoilScience CollegeofAgricultureG.B.PantUniversityofAgricultureandTechno

A field experiment was conducted at the G.B. Pant University Research Station, Ujhani (U.P.) in rainy (Kharif) season of the year 1994-1995 to study the effect of Rhizobium, VAM (vesicular arbuscular myc- orrhiza) and PSB (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) inoculation, with and without P, on blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) seed yield. Phosphorus application in soil with medium P content (5.4 mg kg～1) increased nodu- lation, grain yield, n and P in plant and grain over no phosphorus control. Forty kilograms of P-2O-5 each hactare recorded an increase of 20.6 % in nodule dry weight, significant increases of 0.35 g kg～(-1) in n con- centration and 1.28 g kg～(-1) in P concentration of plant over 20 kg P-2O-5 ha～(-1). Similar significant increases of 0.59 g kg～(-l) in grain yield and 0.54 and 0.23 g kg～(-1) in n and P concentrations of the grain, respectively, over 20 kg P-2O-5 ha～(-1) were also obtained with higher dose. Inoculation of Rhizobium ＋ VAM ＋ PSB at all the stages of plant growth recorded maximum increases in all the parameters studied. Dual inoculation of Rhizobium with either VAM or PSB was generally significant in the effect and better than that of VAM ＋ PSB, however, P accumulation in plant and grain was more with VAM ＋ PSB. Among single inocula tions, Rhizobium gave highest and 21.0 % more nodule number, 34.7 % more nodule dry mass, 0.73 g kg～(-1) more n in grain and 4.2 % higher grain yield over PSB. PSB, however, registered significant increases in P concentration in plant and grain over VAM and Rhizobium.

关键词： phosphorus PSB Rhibozium synergism VAM

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Optimization of safflower oil transesterification using the Taguchi approach

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Petroleum Science 2017年第4期14卷 798-805页

作者： n.kumar S.K.Mohapatra S.S.Ragit K.Kundu R.Karmakar Mechanical Engineering Department Thapar UniversityPatialaIndia Department of Biofuel CSIR CMERI CoEFMLudhianaIndia School of Energy and Environment Thapar UniversityPatialaIndia

Biodiesel is an alternative renewable fuel which is produced by using biomass resources. Its physicochemical properties are close to those of the petroleum diesel fuel. This study highlights biodiesel production from safflower seed oil. The main aim of this experimental work is to optimize the process parameters, namely the methanolto-oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature for biodiesel production. The Taguchi robust design approach was used with an L9 orthogonal array to analyze the influence of process factors on performance parameters. The results showed that the optimum yield of biodiesel was 93.8% with viscosity 5.60 c St, with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 4:1, catalyst concentration of 1.5 wt%, reaction time of 90 min and reaction temperature of 60 ℃. The catalyst concentration was found to be the most influencing parameter which contributed 51.1% and 50.8% of the total effect on the yield of biodiesel, Y;, and viscosity of biodiesel, Y;, respectively.

关键词： AnOVA Biodiesel Optimization Taguchi approach Transesterification

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Machine learning enables polymer cloud-point engineering via inverse design

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 523-528页

作者： Jatin n.kumar Qianxiao Li Karen Y.T.Tang Tonio Buonassisi Anibal L.Gonzalez-Oyarce Jun Ye Institute of Materials Research&Engineering 2 Fusionopolis Way#08-03Singapore 138634Singapore Institute of High-Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16Singapore 138632Singapore Massachussets Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139USA

Inverse design is an outstanding challenge in disordered systems with multiple length scales such as polymers,particularly when designing polymers with desired phase *** we demonstrate high-accuracy tuning of poly(2-oxazoline)cloud point via machine *** a design space of four repeating units and a range of molecular masses,we achieve an accuracy of 4℃ root mean squared error(RMSE)in a temperature range of 24–90℃,employing gradient boosting with decision *** RMSE is>3x better than linear and polynomial *** perform inverse design via particle-swarm optimization,predicting and synthesizing 17 polymers with constrained design at 4 target cloud points from 37 to 80℃.Our approach challenges the status quo in polymer design with a machine learning algorithm,that is capable of fast and systematic discovery of new polymers.

关键词： inverse polymer enable

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Comparison of the‘Seattle’and‘International’Criteria Electrocardiogram Interpretation in Division II Female Collegiate Athletes:A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第3期5卷 274-279页

作者： Ludmila Cosio-Lima n.kumar Brooke L.Adlof J.Simpson A.Crawley Y.Lee University of West Florida 11000 University Parkway#72/220PensacolaFL 32514USA

Purpose A 12-lead electrocardiogram(ECG)is a screening tool to detect abnormalities that may predispose athletes to sud-den cardiac *** standardized criteria have been introduced to better interpret ECG data,however this research has predominantly focused on male *** is important to include female athletes in research to better define ECG character-istics in this *** purpose of this study was to compare the Seattle and International Criteria ECG abnormalities in Division II female collegiate athletes of various *** Fifty-six females(age 20.2±1.4 years;height 1.70±0.7 m;weight 69.5±8.9 kg)completed a resting 12-lead ECG *** data was classified as‘normal’and‘abnormal’according to the parameters of each criterion and abnormal conditions were ***-square analysis was used to assess statistical comparisons between *** There was a significant difference in abnormal classifications as the total number of ECGs identified as abnormal using the Seattle Criteria decreased from 12(21.4%)to 2(3.6%)when using the International Criteria(Pn American athletes had a higher number of abnormal ECG’s compared to White and Latina athletes using the Seattle Criteria(P=0.03).Conclusions The International Criteria significantly reduces the total number of abnormal ECG readings in female collegiate athletes compared to the Seattle Criteria and did not overly identify African American athletes with *** research is necessary to expand on this study and clearly define criteria for female athletes of various ethnicities.

关键词： 12-lead ECG Female athletes Sudden cardiac death ECG abnormalities

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IMPROVEMEnT In PARAMETRIC AnD RELIABILITY PERFORMAnCE OF 90nM DUAL-DAMASCEnE InTERCOnnECTS USInG AR+PUnCHTHRU PVD BARRIER PROCESS Reprinted with permission as presented at SEMICOn China 2005

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集成电路应用 2005年第9期22卷 43-49页

作者： n.kumar S.Chu D.L.Diehl K.Maekawa K.Mori K.Kobayashi M.Yoneda Applied Materials Inc. Thin Films Group Applied Materials Japan Inc. Thin Films Group Process Development Department Process Technology Development DivisionProduction and Technology UnitRenesas Technology Corp.

As interconnects shrink beyond 90nm node, the presence of etch residues can createhigh via resistance and void nucleation during stress migration (SM) testing. Physical Ar+ preclean is effectivein removing residues, but early SM failures have been seen due to Cu resputter from underlying *** preclean methods show promise in reducing CuOx and cleaning Si, n, F, C,O etch residues inpresence of H+, H* species. In this paper, reactive preclean and PVD PunchThru process (deposit-etch-deposit) is proposed as solution to conventional *** PunchThru process reduces via resistance, improves SM and protects dual-damascene beveland unlanded vias from Cu diffusion by presence of thin Ta deposition step. In addition, the U-shaped interface,which minimizes electron crowding and localized heating effects, increases the mean time to failureby electromigration. Consistent, repeatable blanket film property and good parametric electrical test resultshave proven the production worthiness of this process.

关键词：集成电路芯片制造工艺封装技术

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氧化石墨烯及其氧化铁复合物的原位合成(英文)

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新型炭材料 2009年第2期24卷 147-152页

作者： V. K. Singh M. K. Patra M. Manoth G. S. Gowd S. R. Vadera n. kumar Oefence Laboratory Jodhpur-342011 India

开发了在富氧Fe(acac)3络合物体系中膨化氧化石墨制取氧化石墨烯/Fe2O3复合物的一步法。应用FT-IR、XRD、VSM、AFM及低温直流电导测量法对所制氧化石墨/Fe2O3复合物进行表征。FT-IR研究结果显示:膨化后,氧化石墨的环氧基团分解,同时形... 详细信息

开发了在富氧Fe(acac)3络合物体系中膨化氧化石墨制取氧化石墨烯/Fe2O3复合物的一步法。应用FT-IR、XRD、VSM、AFM及低温直流电导测量法对所制氧化石墨/Fe2O3复合物进行表征。FT-IR研究结果显示:膨化后,氧化石墨的环氧基团分解,同时形成了氧化铁粒子与氧化石墨烯复合物。AFM测试表明:在较高Fe2O3含量下,氧化石墨烯片层结构剥蚀形成厚达5mm氧化石墨烯叠层。VSM研究显示:在室温和0.13emu/g^5.5emu/g范围内,全部复合物呈铁磁特性。这些复合物的导电性受控于准电子跃迁机制。

关键词：氧化石墨氧化石墨烯氧化铁复合物

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使用氩离子击穿PVD阻挡层工艺提高90nm双大马真士革互联的参变量和可靠性(英文)

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电子工业专用设备 2005年第8期34卷 29-36页

作者： n.kumar S．Chu D．L．Diehl K．Maekawa K．Mon K．Kobayashi M．Yoneda Applied Materials Inc． Thin Films GroupCalifornia USA Applied Materials Japan Inc． Thin Films GroupJapan Process Development Department Renesas Technology Corp．Japan

随着金属导线线宽的不断缩小,在90nm 技术以下,刻蚀残留物的存在会在应力迁移测试中形成高通孔电阻和空洞成核现象。物理氩离子预清洗是一种去除残留物的有效方法。但在应力迁移测试中发现,底部沟槽铜的二次溅射会导致器件的早期失效。... 详细信息

随着金属导线线宽的不断缩小,在90nm 技术以下,刻蚀残留物的存在会在应力迁移测试中形成高通孔电阻和空洞成核现象。物理氩离子预清洗是一种去除残留物的有效方法。但在应力迁移测试中发现,底部沟槽铜的二次溅射会导致器件的早期失效。反应性预清洗方法由于含有H +、H 类粒子而在减少C uO x 和清洗Si,n ,F,C ,O ,等蚀刻残留物时表现出其优越性。提出了针对传统PV D 工艺的反应性预清洗及PV D 击穿(沉积,刻蚀,沉积)工艺的解决方案。阻挡层击穿工艺减少了通孔电阻,提高了应力迁移性能,并通过薄钽沉积工序防止了铜的扩散从而保护了双嵌入斜面和错位通孔。此外,使电子阻塞和局部加热效应最小化的U 型界面,提高了电子迁移失效的平均时间,一致的、可重复的覆盖膜特性和良好的电参量测试结果已经证实了这种工艺的生产价值。

关键词：应力转移阻挡层击穿残留物去除反应性预清洗

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Electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection based on multiwalled carbon nanotube/molybdenum disulfide quantum dots with machine learning integration and anti-interference capability

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 137-151页

作者： Geethukrishnan Onkar Apte Kiran.kumar Tadi Energy Electrodics and Electrocatalysis (EEE) Lab Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology

The precise detection and measurement of dopamine（DA）,a crucial neurotransmitter in the human body,plays a significant role in diagnosing,preventing,and treating neurological diseases associated with its levels.A highly sensitive DA electrochemical sensor was constructed by combining molybdenum disulfide quantum dots（MSQDs） with multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWCnTs）.The MSQDs were synthesized using the shear exfoliation *** sensors consist of MSQDs with Mo-S edge catalytic centers for the DA redox reaction,and MWCnTs amplify the sensor *** linearity of the sensor for the detection of DA was tested in the presence of ascorbic acid(AA,50 μmol·L-1) and uric acid(UA,200 μmol·L-1),and exhibited linearity from 2 to 966 μmol·L-1of DA with 0.097 μA(mol·L-1)-1sensitivity and a low limit of detection of0.6 μmol·L-1（the ratio between signal and noise,S/n=3）.Moreover,the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor were also studied using *** is no increase in amperometric current after adding the most potentially interfering *** sensor was successfully applied to recover DA in human blood sera ***,machine learning algorithms were operated to aid in the near-precise detection of DA in the heterogeneous mixture containing AA and *** algorithms facilitate the identification and quantification of DA amidst coexisting interferents,including AA,that are commonly present in biological matrices.

关键词： Biosensor Complex mixture Dopamine Machine learning MoS2 Multiwalled carbon nanotubes

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nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient Engine Performance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 283-302页

作者： Veeranna MODI Prasad B.RAMPURE Sunil kumar SHETTY Madeva nAGARAL Channa Keshava nAIK n Johar MGM Muhammad Irsyad ABDULLAH Abdullah I.AL-MAnSOUR Shamshad ALAM KLE College of Engineering and Technology ChikodiVisvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelagavi 590018KarnatakaIndia nitte(Deemed to be University) NMAM Institute of Technology(NMAMIT)Department of Mechanical EngineeringNitte 574110India Aircraft Research and Design Centre HALBangalore 560037KarnatakaIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering BGS College of Engineering and TechnologyBengaluruAffiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelagaviIndia Management and Science University Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh-11421Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel *** dispersion of Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of *** number of blends were prepared for the *** Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest(RF)and CatBoost)was used for the *** results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel blends with *** these Fuel blends have higher calorific *** blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption(BSFC)of 2.85% than the blends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel 20%+neat Diesel 80%(in volume),DSMEB20),57.14%less CO,40.8% less hydrocarbon,and increased nO_(x)emissions compared to conventional diesel,contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with *** B20nP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission *** study concludes with findings on enhanced Brake Thermal Efficiency(BTE)of 26.29% in 3×10^(-5)(in volume)Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparticle-blended DSME B20 and other DSME B20 fuel blends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle *** correlation matrix shows how engine load,efficiency measures(BTE,BSFC),and emissions(CO,CO_(2),nO_(x),Smoke)are connected in complex *** results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics ***'s diagram for BTE and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTE models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing *** results were obtained for CO and CO_(2)emission results.

关键词： Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel CI engine Al_(2)O_(3)concentration

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Higher abundance of DLD protein in buffalobull spermatozoa causes elevated ROSproduction leading to early sperm capacitationand reduction in fertilizing ability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 107-120页

作者： Seema Karanwal Ankit Pal Fanny Josan Aditya Patel Jatinder Singh Chera Sonam Yadav Vikrant Gaur Preeti Verma Shiva Badrhan Vitika Chauhan Mukesh Bhakat Tirtha kumar Datta Rakesh kumar Animal Genomics Laboratory Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia nBGC Laboratory National Bureau of Animal Genetics ResourcesKarnalHaryanaIndia Artificial Breeding Research Centre LPM DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia ICAR-Central Institute of Research On Goat MakhdoomMathuraUttar PradeshIndia ICAR-Central Institute for Research On Buffaloes HisarHaryanaIndia

Backgroud Before fertilization,spermatozoa undergo a crucial maturation step called capacitation,which is a unique event regulates the sperm’s ability for successful *** capacitation process takes place as the spermatozoa pass through the female reproductive tract(FRT).Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD)protein is a post-pyruvate metabolic enzyme,exhibiting reactive oxygen species(ROS)production which causes ***,other vital functions of DLD in buffalo spermatozoa are hyperactivation and acrosome *** produces the optimum amount of ROS required to induce capacitation process in *** on physiological or patho-physiological conditions,DLD can either enhance or attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the production of ROS in sperm cells can impact their ability to fertilize by triggering the capacitation and acrosome *** In this study,abundance of DLD protein was quantified between high(n=5)and low fertile bull(n=5)*** was found that compared to high-fertile(HF)bulls,low-fertile(LF)bulls exhibited significantly(Pncentration to inhibit DLD function,spermatozoa were treated with MICA in time(0,1,2,3,4,and 5 h)and concentrations(1,2.5,5,and 10 mmol/L)dependent *** DLD inhibition was found to be at 4 h in 10 mmol/L MICA concentration,which was used for further exper-imentation in HF and *** on DLD inhibition it was seen that LF bull spermatozoa exhibited significantly(Pn and acrosome reaction in comparison to the HF bull *** kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa such as percent total motility,velocity parameters(VCL,VSL,and VAP)and other parameters(BCF,STR,and LIn)were also decreased in MICA treated spermatozoa in comparison to the control(capacitated)*** The present study provides an initial

关键词： Acrosome reaction Capacitation High fertile bull Low fertile bull Protein Reactive oxygen species Spermatozoa

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