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Lipid enhancement in microalgae by temporal phase separation:Use of indigenous sources of nutrients

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第1期26卷 175-182页

作者： nidhin Sreekumar Ajit Haridas g.S.godwin n.Selvaraju national Institute of Technology(nITC) CalicutIndia national Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology(nIIST) Council of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR)ThiruvananthapuramIndia

Microalgae have been recommended as superior candidate for fuel production because of their advantages of higher photosynthetic efficiency, biomass & lipid productivity, and faster growth rate as compared to other energy crops. To meet up all these criteria, we have developed a continuous outdoor micro-algal raceway pond reactor(RPR) and a lab scale indoor tubular photo bioreactor(PBR) for biofuel production. An attempt to utilise indigenous sources of nutrients to improve the economics also revealed that micro-algal culturing can also be used as a mode of nutrient removal and water treatment. The photosynthetic rate and lipid production were enhanced by arresting daytime cell division and promoting night-time cell division. A 50% lipid improvement was observed for the particular algal consortia. Microscopic studies revealed that temporal phase separation could be achieved by adjusting nutrient distribution pattern. To monitor temporal phase separation, it is required to know DnA multiplication model. Quantification of g DnA in RPR confirmed that cell division happens during the night which positively affects the photosynthetic efficiency and lipid productivity of microalgae.

关键词： Temporal phase separation Lipid enhancement Microalgae Biodiesel

Investigations on Low Speed Axial Compressor with Forward and Backward Sweep

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第2期16卷 121-133页

作者： M.govardhan O.g.Krishna Kumar n.Sitaram Thermal Turbomachines Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

In the recent past, experimental studies have shown some advantages of blade lean and sweep in axial compressors. As most of the experimental results are combined with other features, it is difficult to determine the effect of individual parameters on the performance of the compressor. The present numerical studies are aimed at understanding the performance and three-dimensional flow pattern at the exit of swept and unswept rotors. Three rotors, namely; unswept, 200 forward swept and 200 backward swept rotors are analysed with a specific intention of understanding the pattern of the blade boundary layer flow. The analysis was done using a fully three-dimensional viscous CFD code CFX-5. Results indicated reduction in pressure rise with sweep. Backward sweep is detrimental as far as the performance near endwalls is considered. On the other hand total pressure loss in the wake in mid span region is less with backward sweep, which favours its application here. However, backward sweep adversely affects the stall margin. The ability of the forward sweep to deflect the streamlines towards hub gets diminished at low flow rates. Forward sweep changes the streamline pattern in such a way that the suction surface streamlines are deflected towards the hub and the pressure surface streamlines are deflected towards the easing. An opposite behaviour is observed in backward swept rotors.

关键词： Sweep pressure rise streamline shift stall margin blade loading

STUDIES On MOLECULAR WEIgHT DISTRIBUTIOn OF CARBOn FIBER POLYMER PRECURSORS SYnTHESIZED USIng MIXED SOLVEnTS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2012年第5期30卷 664-673页

作者： g.Santhana Krishnan A.Burkanudeen n.Murali Hemant Phadnis Materials Science Division CSIRNational Aerospace LaboratoriesBangalore-560017India Post graduate and Research Department of Chemistry Jamal Mohammed CollegeBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalliIndia Malvern Application Laboratory Naimex HouseBangalore-560045India

The molecular weight distributions were estimated for carbon fiber polymer precursors such as poly（acrylonitrile-co-itaconic acid） synthesized by semi batch solution polymerization in mixed solvents media with the azonitrile compounds as initiator under the different ratios of solvent and non solvent from 0.75 to 2.5 in weight. The copolymer was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and nuclear magnetic resonance （1H-nMR） analyses. The molecular weight distributions were evaluated by Mv/Mn ratios estimated from viscosity and osmotic measurements, and Mw/Mn estimated from size exclusion chromatography. The molecular weight distributions of these polymers as determined from M, JMn and Mw/Mn are 2.9 to 3,2 and 2.0 to 2.5 respectively. The molecular distributions were close to a narrow distribution of 2.0 when the solvent/non-solvent ratio was varied between 1.4 and 2.0. Intrinsic viscosity [η] as a function of molecular weight of poly（acrylonitrile-co-itaconic acid） was evaluated by means of low angle laser light scattering with size exclusion chromatography （SEC-LALLS） and viscometry with SEC （SEC-VISCO）. The relationship between [η] and Mw for poly（acrylonitrile-co-itaconic acid） in DMF at 50℃ was [q] = 1.1×10-5 Mw0.79, where [η] is obtained in dL/g.

关键词： Molecular weight distribution Size exclusion chromatography Osmometry Viscometry Polyacrylonitrilecopolyrner.

Assessment of deterioration in RHA-concrete due to magnesium sulphate attack

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2010年第6期17卷 691-696页

作者： g.A. Habeeb H.B. Mahmud n.B.A.A. Hamid Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya

The assessment of magnesium sulphate attack on concretes containing rice husk ash （RHA, 20wt% of the cementitious materials） with various average particle sizes was investigated. The total cementitious materials were 390 kg and the water-to-binder ratio （W/B） was 0.53 for all mixtures. Specimens were initially cured in water for 7 d and then immersed in the 3wt% magnesium sulphate solution for up to 111 d of exposure. The specimens were subjected to drying-wetting cycles to accelerate sulphate attack. In addition to the visual monitoring of the specimens, the concrete specimens were subsequently tested for compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and length and mass changes. The results show that the specimens exposed to sulphate attack exhibit higher strength and dynamic modulus than those kept in water. The length change is negligible and can be attributed to the normal swelling of concrete. On the other hand, concretes suffers mass loss and surface spalling and softening; the fine RHA-concrete results in a better resistance. For the accelerated sulphate attack method used in this study, mass change and visual monitoring are recommended for assessing the deterioration degree and the effectiveness of supplementary cementitious materials to resist sulphate attack.

关键词： concretes pozzolan ettringite rice husk ash (RHA) magnesium sulphate

Biopolymer-assisted synthesis of yttrium oxide nanoparticles

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Particuology 2014年第3期12卷 19-23页

作者： Hakan Kaygusuz gkhan Bilir Filiz Tezcan F.Bedia Erim gnl zen Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical UniversityMaslak 34469IstanbulTurkey Department of Physics Istanbul Technical UniversityMaslak 34469IstanbulTurkey

Yttrium oxide nanopowder was prepared by a novel technique using an alginate biopolymer as a precursor. The technique is based on thermal decomposition of an yttrium alginate gel, which is produced in the form of beads by ionic gelation between the yttrium solution and sodium alginate. The effect of post-annealing temperature on the particle size of the nanocrystals was investigated at various tempera- tures. The products were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The size of the nanocrystalline Y2O3 particles varied from 22.7 to 38.7 nm, depending on the annealing temperature and time. The grain size distribution （gSD） was also determined. The gSD became more non-symmetrical as the annealing temperature increased, and the width of the distributions for the powders produced using the alginate method was less affected by heat treatment. This alginate method was compared with the conventional glycine combustion method, on the basis of particle size. The particles obtained using the proposed technique were smaller than those obtained using the combustion method. Alginate-assisted thermal decomposition is therefore an easy and cost-effective method for preparing nanosized Y2O3 crystals.

关键词： Y2O3 nanoparticle Thermal decomposition Alginate grain size distribution

Syntheses and Structural Characterization of 1-(4-Phenyl-2-thiazolyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(2-furyl)-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole and 1-(4-(4-Fluoro)phenyl-2-thiazolyl)-3-(4-methyl-phenyl)-5-(2-furyl)-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2010年第5期29卷 700-705页

作者： SAHn Zarife Sibel ISIK Samil SALgIn-gKSEn Umut gKHAn-KELEK nesrinb Department of Physics Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayιs University Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyHacettepe University

The title compounds were synthesized and characterized by IR,1H-nMR,Mass and elementary analysis and single-crystal X-ray *** 1a,intermolecular C-H…π interactions produce a three-dimensional *** 1b,intermolecular C-... 详细信息

关键词： crystal structure methylphenyl pyrazole

Band structure of monolayer of graphene, silicene and silicon-carbide including a lattice of empty or filled holes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2018年第8期39卷 10-19页

作者： n.nouri g.Rashedi Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Isfahan

We have developed a π-orbital tight-binding Hamiltonian model taking into account the nearest neighbors to study the effect of antidot lattices(two dimensional honeycomb lattice of atoms including holes) on the band structure of silicene and silicon carbide(SiC) sheets. We obtained that the band structure of the silicene antidot superlattice strongly depends on the size of embedded holes, and the band gap of the silicene antidot lattice increases by increasing of holes diameter. The band gap of SiC antidot lattice, except for the lattice of the small unit cell, is independent of the holes diameter and also depends on the distance between holes. We obtained that, the band gap of the SiC antidot lattice is the same as the band gap of the corresponding sheet without hole. Also, the electronic properties of the SiC antidot superlattice occupied either by carbon or by silicon atoms are investigated,numerically. Furthermore, we study the effect of occupation of graphene antidot by Si atoms and vice versa. Also,we have calculated the band structure of graphene and silicene antidot lattice filled by Si + C atoms. Finally, we compute the band structure of the SiC antidot lattice including the holes which are filled by C or by Si ***, in this paper we have generalized the method of paperabout graphene antidot with empty holes to the cases of filled holes by different atoms and also to the case of silicene and silicon carbide antidot lattices.

关键词： tight binding band structure antidot graphene silicene SiC

Magneto optics and time resolved terahertz spectrocopy

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第7期27卷 112-119页

作者： T Dong Z g Chen n L Wang International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Exploring, manipulating, and understanding new exotic quantum phenomena in condensed-matter systems have gen- erated great interest in the scientific community. Static and time resolved optical spectroscopies after photoexcitations are important experimental tools for probing charge dynamics and quasiparticle excitations in quantum materials. In Syner- getic Extreme Condition User Facility （SECUF）, we shall construct magneto-infrared and terahertz measurement systems and develop a number of ultrafast femtosecond laser based systems, including intense near to mid-infrared pump terahertz probe. In this article, we shall describe several systems to be constructed and developed in the facilities, then present some examples explaining the application of magneto optics and time resolved spectroscopy techniques.

关键词： magneto-optics infrared spectroscopy mid-infrared pump terahertz probe

BAnCO DE BILBAO HEADQUARTERS:FIRST LOW-EnERgY BUILDIng In SPAIn?

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Journal of green Building 2011年第4期6卷 37-44页

作者： César Martín gómez School of Architecture Installations and Energy Section

Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oíza was perhaps the greatest architect of the twentieth century in Spain,and his masterpiece was the Banco de Bilbao Headquarters,located in the Paseo de la Castellana in Madrid(Spain).Sáenz de Oíza was a university professor in the Installations and Energy Areas at the University of *** him,concepts such as indoor comfort,lighting,heat production,cooling,and solar houses were an indispensable part of the student’s learning and,of course,he included them in his building *** applied these concepts in the Banco de Bilbao ***,the purpose of this paper will be to examine the Banco de Bilbao technical knowledge in depth-including its passive architectonical design-and to present the main good decisions(and mistakes)of this first low-energy Spanish building after almost 30 years of intensive use,to extend its lessons for future buildings.

关键词： office building design techniques Sáenz de Oíza façade radiation skyscraper