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Study on the Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-timber Forest Products(NTFPs)

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2024年第2期14卷 93-106页

作者： Sann Lwin Mya Win myint myint khaing Tin Maung Htun Soe Min Ye Wunna Soe Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association(FREDA)

A participatory action research was conducted in 2022,with the“Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)”to give recommendation on the development of guidelines on Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)and peatland *** to the peat soil assessment,it was found that peat soil content was very low and top soil was thin under the mangrove forest,and Payena paralleloneura-Kan Zaw bearing forest in March *** material might be pressed by trespasser to collect Kan Zaw seed,to conduct horticulture and mining near the Kan Zaw bearing forest,or organic material might be damaged by burning with controlled fire in the previous years,under Kan Zaw trees to collect *** material might have been carried to the downwards with running water due to the heavy rainfall,with 4,700 mm/*** forest and Kan Zaw bearing evergreen forest can be assumed as“the major source of coastal peatland formation,with peat deposits eroded seawards”.It is assumed that the organic material will accumulate on top of the sands and it will lead to the formation of the peatland at coastal *** can be assumed that the accumulation of organic material found in mangrove forest and evergreen forests will promote the soil carbon storage,if we can adopt the ASEAN Policy on Zero Burning,which reflect ASEAN's commitment to controlling fires and haze,offering techniques,benefits,requirements,and challenges for implementing zero burning practices[1].Sustainable utilization of NTFP including peat and Kan Zaw-Payena paralleloneura Kurz seed was studied at demonstration sites,and it is recommended to make a trial on silvicultural system at mangrove forest and apply suitable silvicultural system such as Clear-Felling(in blocks or in alternate strips)system,Selection System,and Shelter Wood System to ensure the sustainable utilization of NTFP

关键词： Silvicultural system mangrove forest moist evergreen forest peat soil Kan Zaw-Payena paralleloneura Kurz seed

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Polycalin is involved in the action mechanism of Cry2Aa toxin in Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第3期18卷 627-635页

作者： WANG Bing-jie WANG Ya-nan WEI Ji-zhen LIU Chen CHEN Lin myint myint khaing LIANG Ge-mei State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Environment and Plant Protection Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Tropical Crops Ministry of Agriculture

Receptor proteins on the brush border membrane of the insect midgut epithelium are involved in the mode of action of insecticidal Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt). Polycalin has been identified as a binding protein of the Bt Cry1 Ac toxin in several Lepidoptera including Helicoverpa armigera, but its role in the action mechanism of Cry2 Aa is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the binding characteristics of polycalin from the midgut of H. armigera with Cry2 Aa and its role in the toxicity of Cry2 Aa. The results demonstrated that heterologously expressed H. armigera polycalin peptide could bind with Cry2 Aa with high affinity(K_d=32 nmol L^(–1)). The toxicity of Cry2 Aa decreased by 27% after H. armigera larvae ingested polycalin antisera. These results suggested that polycalin could be a potential functional receptor for Cry2 Aa, and it plays an important role in the susceptibility of H. armigera to Cry2 Aa.

关键词： Helicoverpa armigera polycalin insecticidal toxicity antisera binding affinity

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Urbanization,economic development,and environmental changes in transitional economies in the global south:a case of Yangon

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 929-945页

作者： Peilei Fan Jiquan Chen Cadi Fung Zaw Naing Zutao Ouyang khaing Moe Nyunt Zin Nwe myint Jiaguo Qi Joseph P.Messina Soe W.myint Brad G.Peter School of Planning Designand Construction and Center for Global Change and Earth ObservationsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Geography Environmentand Spatial Sciences and Center for Global Change and Earth ObservationsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Geography University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Mandalay Technology YangonMyanmar Earth System Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Yangon City Development Committee YangonMyanmar Yangon University YangonMyanmar College of Arts and Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287-5302USA Department of Geosciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701PUSA

Background:Transitional economies in Southeast Asia—a distinct group of developing countries—have experienced rapid urbanization in the past several decades due to the economic transition that fundamentally changed the function of their economies,societies and the ***,one of the least developed transitional economies in Southeast Asia,increased urbanization substantially from 25%in 1990 to 31%in ***,major knowledge gaps exist in understanding the changes in urban land use and land cover and environment and their drivers in its ***:We studied Yangon,the largest city in Myanmar,for the urbanization,environmental changes,and the underlying driving forces in a radically transitioned economy in the developing *** on satellite imagery and historic land use maps,we quantified the expansion of urban built-up land and constructed the land conversion matrix from 1990 through *** also used three air pollutants to illustrate the changes in environmental *** analyzed the coupled dynamics among urbanization,economic development,and environmental *** conducting a workshop with 20 local experts,we further analyzed the influence of human systems and natural systems on Yangon’s urbanization and ***:The city of Yangon expanded urban built-up land rapidly from 1990 to 2000,slowed down from 2000 to 2010,but gained momentum again from 2010 to 2020,with most newly added urban built-up land appearing to be converted from farmland and green land in both 1990–2000 and 2010–***,the air pollutant concen-tration of CO decreased,but that of NO_(2)and PM_(2.5)increased in recent years.A positive correlation exists between population and economic development and the concentration of PM_(2.5)is highly associated with population,the economy,and the number of ***,the expert panel also identified other potential drivers for urbanization,including the extreme climate event of Cyclone Nargi

关键词： Urbanization Economic development Environmental change Transitional economy Globalization Extreme climate event Capital relocation Myanmar

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Active case-finding for tuberculosis by mobile teams in Myanmar:yield and treatment outcomes

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 683-690页

作者： Ohnmar myint Saw Saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khogali Anthony Reid Nguyen Binh Hoa Thi Thi Kyaw Ko Ko Zaw Tin Mi Mi khaing Si Thu Aung National Tuberculosis Programme Corner of Mingyi Road and Minglar StreetPathein townshipAyeyarwaddy RegionMyanmar Department of Medical Research YangonMyanmar Medecins sans Frontieres Operational Research UnitLuxembourgLuxembourg National Tuberculosis Programme HanoiVietnam Centre for Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance TB Unit WHO Country Office for MyanmarYangonMyanmar

Background:Since 2005,the Myanmar National Tuberculosis Programme(NTP)has been implementing active case finding(ACF)activities involving mobile teams in hard-to-reach *** study revealed the contribution of mobile team activities to total tuberculosis(TB)case detection,characteristics of TB patients detected by mobile teams and their treatment ***:This was a descriptive study using routine programme data between October 2014 and December *** team activities were a one-stop service and included portable digital chest radiography(CXR)and microscopy of two sputum *** algorithm of the case detection included screening patients by symptoms,then by CXR followed by sputum microscopy for *** patients were started on treatment and followed until a final outcome was ***:A total of 9349 people with symptoms suggestive of TB were screened by CXR,with an uptake of 96.6%.Of those who were meant to undergo sputum smear microscopy,51.4%had sputum ***,504 TB patients were identified by the mobile teams and the overall contribution to total TB case detection in the respective townships was 25.3%.Among total cases examined by microscopy,6.4%were sputum smear positive *** success rate was high as 91.8%in study townships compared to national rate 85%(2014 cohort).Conclusions:This study confirmed the feasibility and acceptability of ACF by mobile teams in hard-to-reach contexts,especially when equipped with portable,digital CXR machines that provided immediate ***,the follow-up process of sputum examination created a significant barrier to confirmation of the *** order to optimize the ACF through mobile team activity,future ACF activities were needed to be strengthened one stop service including molecular diagnostics or provision of sputum cups to all presumptive TB cases prior to CXR and testing if CXR suggestive of TB.

关键词： Mobile team Active case finding Chest X-ray Treatment outcomes

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汉缅语四音格词比较研究

汉缅语四音格词比较研究

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作者：高凯敏（（？）/KAY khaing myint）云南师范大学

学位级别：硕士

四音格词是属于汉藏语系的汉语和缅语共同拥有的语言单位,也是汉臧语系语言不同于其他语系语言的一个重要的语言特征。四音格词虽然是汉缅语词汇系统的共同词汇单位,但是在其语音、结构、语义等各方面上有着细微的异同。现代汉缅语四音... 详细信息

四音格词是属于汉藏语系的汉语和缅语共同拥有的语言单位,也是汉臧语系语言不同于其他语系语言的一个重要的语言特征。四音格词虽然是汉缅语词汇系统的共同词汇单位,但是在其语音、结构、语义等各方面上有着细微的异同。现代汉缅语四音格词的共性和个性是在其演变发展过程中因为受到语内和语外因素而形成的演变结果。汉缅语四音格词的语音与结构形式局部反映与其相关的语言类型机制、语言系统的规则、语言接触现象和语言发展过程。此外,四音格词在两种词汇系统中共同存在,但在形式分布和使用方面又有差异,所以根据普拉克特(Clifford Practor,1967)的“难度等级模式”它是在语言教学尤其是对缅汉语教学当中属于三级难度的词汇单位。目前,汉藏语系研究、语言类型研究、语言比较或对比研究、对外汉语教学研究等不同的研究领域中,曾出现了大量的研究论述,也取得了可成立的成果,但是汉缅语言比较研究依然是一个空缺。汉语普通话与缅甸语仰光话四音格词比较研究是汉缅语言比较研究的一个小部分。本文从语音、结构和语义等方面进行汉缅语四音格词的共时性比较研究,找出汉缅语四音格词上列方面上的异同,这不仅有助于揭示两种语言中制约构造四音格词的语言类型机制、语言规则、语言接触、构词思维方式、社会、文化特点等语内和语外因素,而且也有利于预测对缅汉语四音格词教学中的难点和重点。汉缅语四音格词的力时性比较可以探究两种语言四音格词形成的根源及其发展过程,进而可以解释现代语言系统中造成汉缅语四音格词之异同的原因和过程。另外,两种语言共同的四音格原型形式可当作为证明两种语言在结构形式上具有同源或共同关系的线索之一。这一发现对于汉藏语系研究、语言类型研究有一定的帮助。本文用描写和比较相结合的方法进行定量和定性比较研究。为定量比较研究,本文以《现代汉语词典》(2005)和《缅语词典》(1991)这两部中型标准词典为基本语料,对于具体范畴的详细内容的考察也参考了两种语言相关的专题词典、手册、著作、论文等文献。本文发现下列共性和个性。四音格词普遍存在于汉语和缅语中。从数量上看,汉语四音格词的词数比缅语的多了两倍。从语音上看,两种语言中ABCD式占优势,ABAC和AABB式分别为第二和第三。两种语言四音格词的音节之间存在双声、叠韵和叠音等声韵关系。从结构上看,并列式是汉缅语四音格词共同的主要结构形式。除此之外,由词根和情态词缀构成的附加式和逆向音变重叠式是两种语言四音格词共同的特殊结构形式。从语义上看,汉缅语四音格词两者都具有描述性特征。历史比较揭示汉缅语四音格词的原型基本上是相同的,是ABAC式叠字并列式。对于两者的个性而言,联绵特征是重视声韵律的缅语四音格词的韵律个性,而平仄关系是重视调律的汉语四音格词的韵律特色。另外,音变是汉语四音格词的特殊语音现象。缅语中音节重叠,即词法或语音构词是造成缅语四音格词的主要手段。它不仅是形态化手段,也是标记形态化的构词格。汉语中句法结构形式四音格单位占优势,并且汉语四音格成语的结构保留了古汉语现象。就是说,汉语四音格词是典型的非词单位,即句法结构词汇化单位。正因为如此,汉语四音格词言简意骇、缺乏形态化而可灵活使用。此外,汉语特有的仿词手段能派生大量的类固定四音格单位,这使汉语四音格范畴具有开放性。缅语中不存在仿词手段,并且形态化格式的派生能力受形态的限制,所以缅语四音格范畴具有封闭性。从语义上看,汉语双音词相当于缅语四音格词,而汉语四音格词则相当于缅语词组或句子。两种语言四音格词数量、语音、语义、结构等方面的差异在对外(缅)汉语教学中造成了相关的问题。具有上列异同的汉缅语四音格是在两种语言共同的语言类型机制的影响下形成的语言共性。因受到语外因素的影响,语言类型的转变又造成两种语言四音格词的个性。总而言之,本课题不仅是汉藏语系研究、语言类型研究、语言比较或对比研究等语言研究的一部分,而且也是为对外汉语教学,尤其是对缅汉语教学服务的应用研究项目。

关键词：汉语(普通话) 缅语(仰光话) 四音格词比较研究对外汉语教学

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植物源抑菌剂的抗氧化性及其在食品中的应用

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中国食品添加剂 2021年第3期32卷 113-117页

作者：庆九 khaing zar myint 俞新南于倩男南通醋酸化工有限公司南通226017 江南大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室无锡214022 江南大学化学与材料工程学院无锡214022

植物提取物由于其抗氧化和抑菌特性引起了研究人员的广泛兴趣。植物源抑菌剂在肉类和其他食品工业中可作为功能性成分,防止微生物生长,延长食品保质期。植物抑菌剂还可以提高包装膜的有效性、改善包装性能,减少环境浪费。本综述对植物... 详细信息

植物提取物由于其抗氧化和抑菌特性引起了研究人员的广泛兴趣。植物源抑菌剂在肉类和其他食品工业中可作为功能性成分,防止微生物生长,延长食品保质期。植物抑菌剂还可以提高包装膜的有效性、改善包装性能,减少环境浪费。本综述对植物提取物的抑菌和抗氧化的特性进行了评价,同时讨论了植物提取物在食品工业中的应用。

关键词：植物提取物抑菌抗氧化包装膜食品

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典型甜菊糖苷的抗氧化和抗炎活性

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食品工业科技 2019年第8期40卷 260-265,271页

作者：张童童隋晓辰夏咏梅 khaing zar myint 陈俊名刘湘江南大学化学与材料工程学院食品科学与技术国家重点实验室江苏无锡214122

本文以6种代表性甜菊糖苷及其肠道代谢物甜菊醇以及甜菊醇的重排异构体异甜菊醇为对象,研究了上述甜菊化合物的抗氧化性及其对鼠巨噬细胞Raw264.7的细胞毒性和抗炎活性。结果表明,所试甜菊糖苷在100μg/mL内对鼠巨噬细胞的Raw264.7均无... 详细信息

本文以6种代表性甜菊糖苷及其肠道代谢物甜菊醇以及甜菊醇的重排异构体异甜菊醇为对象,研究了上述甜菊化合物的抗氧化性及其对鼠巨噬细胞Raw264.7的细胞毒性和抗炎活性。结果表明,所试甜菊糖苷在100μg/mL内对鼠巨噬细胞的Raw264.7均无细胞毒性,也不会诱导炎症反应;其中异甜菊醇抗炎效果最优,100μg/mL时相对于脂多糖刺激后产生的NO含量降低了约30.7%。所试甜菊糖苷对DPPH·和·OH两种自由基的清除率最高分别为24.8%和13.8%,其对DPPH·的清除能力具有结构相关性,但对·OH清除率均低,无结构相关性;而甜菊酚对DPPH·和ABTS^+·清除率分别为92.1%和29.6%,即甜菊提取物的自由基清除率主要由甜菊酚产生。

关键词：甜菊糖苷甜菊醇异甜菊醇抗氧化性抗炎活性

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