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Single nucleotide polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene affects inflammatory bowel diseases risk

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4652-4661页

作者： lynnette R Ferguson Claudia Huebner Ivonne Petermann Richard B Gearry murray l.barcl.y Pieter Demmers Alan McCulloch Dug yeo Han Discipline of Nutrition the University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand Department of Gastroenterology Christchurch HospitalChristchurch 8140 New Zealand Crop and Food Research Mosgiel 9053 New Zealand AgResearch limited Mosgiel 9053 New Zealand

AIM: To investigate the role that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene play in the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in a New Zealand population, in the context of international studies. METHODS: DNA samples from 388 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 405 ulcerative colitis (UC), 27 indeterminate colitis (IC) and 201 randomly selected controls, from Canterbury, New Zealand were screened for 3 common polymorphisms in the TNF-α receptor: -238 G→A, -308 G→A and -857C→T, using a TaqmanR assay. A meta-analysis was performed on the data obtained on these polymorphisms combined with that from other published studies. RESUlTS: Individuals carrying the -308 G/A allele had a significantly (OR = 1.91, χ2 = 17.36, P litis, and a 1.57-fold increased risk (OR = 1.57, χ2 = 4.34, P = 0.037) of requiring a bowel resection in UC. Carrying the -857 C/T variant decreased the risk of ileocolonic CD (OR = 0.56, χ2 =4.32, P = 0.037), and the need for a bowel resection (OR = 0.59, χ2 = 4.85, P = 0.028). The risk of UC was reduced in individuals who were smokers at diagnosis, (OR = 0.48, χ2 = 4.86, P = 0.028). CONClUSION: TNF-α is a key cytokine known to play a role in inflammatory response, and the locus for the gene is found in the IBD3 region on chromosome 6p21, known to be associated with an increased risk for IBD. The -308 G/A SNP in the TNF-α promoter is functional, and may account in part for the increased UC risk associated with the IBD3 genomic region. The -857 C/T SNP may decrease IBD risk in certain groups. Pharmaco- or nutrigenomic approaches may be desir- able for individuals with such affected genotypes.

关键词： Tumour necrosis factor alpha Singlenucleotide polymorphisms Inflammatory boweldiseases Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis

Glycogen and amyloid-beta: key players in the shift from neuronal hyperactivity to hypoactivity observed in Alzheimer's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1023-1025页

作者： Britanny Bass Sarah Upson Kamolika Roy Emily l.Montgomery Tuula O.Jalonen Ian V.J.murray Department of Physiology and Neuroscience St.George’s University School of Medicine

Introduction：Alzheimer’s disease（AD）begins to develop decades prior to its clinical manifestation（Sperling et al.,2011）,and while it is the most common form of dementia,as of yet there is no *** of the most researched pathological features contributing to disease development are the extracellular amyloid plaques composed of amyloid-beta proteins（Aβ）and neurofibrillary tangles of tau *** feature of AD is the progression of early neuronal excitability/hyperactivity to silencing/hypoactivity（Palop and Mucke,2010）,

关键词： Glycogen and amyloid-beta key players in the shift from neuronal hyperactivity to hypoactivity observed in Alzheimer’s disease

Managing hybridization of a recovering endangered species： The red wolf Canis rufus as a case study

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 191-205页

作者： Eric M. GESE Fred F. KNOWlTON Jennifer R. ADAMS Karen BECK Todd K. FUllER Dennis l. murray Todd D. STEURy Michael K. STOSKOPF Will T. WADDEll lisette P. WAITS USDA/APHIS/WS/National Wildlife Research Center Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA Department ofFish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844-1136 USA Environmental Medicine Consortium College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA Department of Environmental Conservation 160 Holdsworth Way University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003-9285 USA Department of Biology Trent University 1600 West Bank Drive Peterborough Ontario K9J 7B8 Canada School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium 5400 North Pearl Street Tacoma WA 98407 USA

Hybridization presents a unique challenge for conservation biologists and managers. While hybridization is an important evolutionary process, hybridization is also a threat formany native species. The endangered species recovery effort for the red wolf Canis rufus is a classic system for understanding and addressing the challenges of hybridization. From 1987-1993, 63 red wolves were released from captivity in eastern North Carolina, USA, to establish a free-ranging, non-essential experimental population. By 1999, managers recognized hybridization with invasive coyotes Canis latrans was the single greatest threat to successful recovery, and an adaptive management plan was adopted with innovative approaches for managing the threat of hybri- dization. Here we review the application and results of the adaptive management efforts from 1993 to 2013 by comparing：（1） the numbers of wolves, coyotes, and hybrids captured, （2） the numbers of territorial social groups with presumed breeding capabili- ties, （3） the number of red wolf and hybrid litters documented each year and （4） the degree of coyote introgression into the wild red wolf gene pool. We documented substantial increases in the number of known red wolves and red wolf social groups from 1987-2004 followed by a plateau and slight decline by *** number of red wolf litters exceeded hybrid litters each year and the proportion of hybrid litters per year averaged 21%. The genetic composition of the wild red wolf population is estimated to include 〈 4% coyote ancestry from recent introgression since reintroduction. We conclude that the adaptive management plan was effective at reducing the introgression of coyote genes into the red wolf population, but population recovery of red wolves will require continuation of the current management plan, or alternative approaches, for the foreseeable future. More broadly, we discuss the lessons learned from red wolf adaptive management that could assist other endangered species r

关键词： Canid Conservation Genetics Hybrid Management

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职业技术天天用英语第1版

Women with Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism and the Need for Proper Periconceptional Folate Supplementation

丛书名：朗文上班族系列英语

2005年

作者： Valerie lambert, Elaine murray

本书是从朗文出版公司引进的。全书共分9个单元，结合大量实例，详细介绍了技术行业日常工作和交流常用的英语表达方式，并对一些用法加以注释和说明。书中还对英国英语和美国英语一些表达方式的异同作了介绍。

ISBN: (数字)7310022394

ISBN: (纸本)7310022394

关键词：英语

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2015年第5期3卷 204-222页

作者： Maureen Sullivan Tiffany murray Haregewein Assefa Touro College of Pharmacy 230 West 125^th Street New York NY 10027 USA

Maternal folate supplementation is critical for fetal development. Women with MTHFR （methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase） gene polymorphisms may not be getting the proper folate form to support fetal development. The objectives of this review were to：（1） undertake a comprehensive review on the association of MTHFR polymorphisms with the risk for various congenital diseases and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, （2） assess the efficacy and safety of current folic acid and other supplementations in women with the MTHFR polymorphism, and （3） provide guidance on the appropriate supplementation for women of childbearing potential with the MTHFR gene polymorphism in order to decrease these adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our assessments show that women with MTHFR gene polymorphism cannot efficiently convert folic acid to l-5-methyl-tetrahydofolate, the predominant active form of folic acid, due to reduced MTHFR enzymatic activity. l-5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate is currently commercially available under several brand names. Based on our comprehensive review and knowledge of the biochemistry of the folates, we recommend that l-5-methyltetrahydrofolate be given in combination with folic acid to women with MTHFR polymorphism that are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Further study is needed to determine the optimal dose.

关键词： MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) polymorphisms maternal health folic acid birth defects pregnancy outcomes homocysteine l-5-methlyl-THF (l-5-methytetrahydrofolate).

草甘膦对可食用蓝藻葛仙米生长和生理的影响(英文)

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水生生物学报 2008年第4期32卷 462-468页

作者：阮祚禧 murray T.Brown 汕头大学科技中心海洋生物研究所汕头515063 School of Biological Sciences University of PlymouthDrake CircusPlymouth PL4 8AAUnited Kingdom

葛仙米(***)的产量和产地面积逐年减少,这可能与当地广泛使用除草剂草甘膦有关。为此,本文测定了不同浓度(0.15、0.30、0.45、0.6mmol/l)的草甘膦处理的葛仙米的颗粒大小、干重、叶绿素荧光、叶绿素浓度。所有测量参数与浓度和时间显著... 详细信息

葛仙米(***)的产量和产地面积逐年减少,这可能与当地广泛使用除草剂草甘膦有关。为此,本文测定了不同浓度(0.15、0.30、0.45、0.6mmol/l)的草甘膦处理的葛仙米的颗粒大小、干重、叶绿素荧光、叶绿素浓度。所有测量参数与浓度和时间显著相关:0.15mmol/l处理组的颗粒直径较对照组小15%(2d后);叶绿素a浓度和最大量子产率(Fv/Fm)在最高浓度组(0.6mmol/l)4d后开始受到影响;第8天,相对生长速率(以干重计算,大于0.15mmol/l)、光合作用活性(大于0.3mmol/l)均受显著抑制,其中0.15mmol/l处理组相对生长下降60%,而更高浓度处理组出现负生长,0.6mmol/l组藻体漂白死亡。结合实验结果,文章讨论了草甘膦的毒性机理及其对葛仙米(***)的潜在影响。

关键词：除草剂蓝藻毒性生长叶绿素a荧光

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATlAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios l. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.l. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.l. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo l. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines l. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli l.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal l. Barak M. Barakat E.l. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATlAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATlAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATlAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATlAS JET QUARK GlUON TAGGING

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空间低频滤波对人类整体和局部知觉的影响

科学通报 2003年第20期48卷 2145-2148页

作者：韩世辉,J.A.Weaver,S.O.murray,Kang Xiaojian,E.W.yund,D.l.Woods VA Northern California System of Clinics Martinez CA 94553 USA Department of Neurology University of California at Davis VA Northern California System of Clinics Martinez CA 94553 USA 北京大学心理学系 Department of Neurology University of California at Davis VA Northern California System of Clinics Martinez CA 94553 USA Department of Neurology University of California at Davis VA Northern California System of Clinics Martinez Department of Neurology CA 94553 USA 北京 100871 首都师范大学学习和认知实验室北京 100037 University of California at Davis VA Northern California System of Clinics Martinez CA 94553 USA Department of Neurology University of California at Davis

利用功能磁共振(fMRI)测量血液动力学反应,研究空间低频滤波对周边视觉加工刺激整体和局部性质的神经机制的影响.实验中使用的复合字母具有宽带空间频率成分(宽带刺激)或通过反差平衡技术滤除其空间低频成分(CB刺激),随机呈现在左或右视... 详细信息

利用功能磁共振(fMRI)测量血液动力学反应,研究空间低频滤波对周边视觉加工刺激整体和局部性质的神经机制的影响.实验中使用的复合字母具有宽带空间频率成分(宽带刺激)或通过反差平衡技术滤除其空间低频成分(CB刺激),随机呈现在左或右视野.被试分别辨别复合字母的整体和局部形状.实验发现,与注意局部性质相比,注意宽带或CB刺激的整体性质在中央枕区皮层引起更强的激活.注意整体性质还在右侧颞顶联合区(宽带刺激)和右侧梭状回(CB刺激)引起更强的激活.注意CB刺激的局部性质激活中央额区、双侧额下回和双侧颞上回.根据这些结果讨论了整体和局部性质加工的相互竞争对参与整体和局部加工的脑区的影响.

关键词：复合刺激反差平衡 fMRI 整体和局部性质加工空间频率

是时候撤回lancet杂志刊登的关于组织工程气管移植的文章了

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第8期25卷 476-477页

作者： leonid Schneider Patricia murray Raphaël lévy Peter Wilmshurst 周全(译) For Better Science 63526 ErlenseeGermany Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling Institute of SystemsMolecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK UniversitéSorbonne Paris Nord INSERMLVTSF-75018 ParisFrance Royal Stoke University Hospital Stoke-on-TrentUK 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院

我们要求撤回2008年lancet杂志刊登的《Clinical transplantation of a tissue-engineered airway》的文章,作者是Macchiarini及其同事1。该文曾被国际媒体誉为"世界首例组织工程器官移植"。作者之一的Martin Birchall告诉英国广播公司... 详细信息

我们要求撤回2008年lancet杂志刊登的《Clinical transplantation of a tissue-engineered airway》的文章,作者是Macchiarini及其同事1。该文曾被国际媒体誉为"世界首例组织工程器官移植"。作者之一的Martin Birchall告诉英国广播公司"20年后,差不多所有移植器官都可以通过这种方式制造"2。这些夸大其词并未实现,因为几乎所有接受"组织工程气道"的患者都死亡了3。尽管2018年5月lancet杂志已获悉文章中的关键发现是错误的,而且我们和其他人也相继要求撤回该文章,但遭lancet杂志拒绝,未提供任何解释。

关键词：英国广播公司器官移植撤回移植器官