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世界环境 1985年第2期 11-12页

作者：莱斯特许根福

1983年5月底,国际粗铝研究所(IPAI)在瑞士铝有限公司***博士主持工作之前,我是该委员会的主席,本文是根据该委员会的部分研究结果撰写的,并汇入了我在加拿大铝有限公司供职

关键词：铝工业电能单耗熔炼炉能量利用

An international survey of classification and treatment choices for group d retinoblastoma

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第6期10卷 961-967页

作者： Christina Scelfo Jasmine H Francis Vikas Khetan Thomas Jenkins Brian Marr david H Abramson Carol L Shields Jacob Pe’er Francis Munier Jesse Berry J.William Harbour Andrey Yarovoy Evandro Lucena Timothy G murray Pooja Bhagia Evelyn Paysse Samuray Tuncer Guillermo L Chantada Annette C Moll Tatiana Ushakova david A Plager Islamov Ziyovuddin Carlos A Leal Miguel A Materin Xun-da Ji Jose W Cursino Rodrigo Polania Hayyam Kiratli Charlotta All-Ericsson Rejin Kebudi Santosh G Honavar Vicktoria Vishnevskia-dai Sidnel Epelman Anthony B daniels Jeanie d Ling Fousseyni Traore Marco A Ramirez-Ortiz Ophthalmic Oncology Service Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York 10065 USA department of Ophthalmology Weill-Cornell Medical Center New York 10065 USA department of Vitreoretinal and Ocular Oncology Sankara Nathralaya Chennai 600066 India Ocular Ontology Service Wills Eye Hospital Thomas Jefferson University Pennsylvania 19107 USA Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem 91120 Israel jules-Gonin Eye Hospital Lausanne 1004 Switzerland USC Roski Eye Institute Children＇s Hospital of Los Angeles California 90033 USA Ocular Oncology Service Bascom Palmer Eye Institute University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Florida 33136 USA Ocular Oncology department S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution Moscow 127486 Russia department of Ocular Oncology Instituto Nacional de Cancer Rio de Janeiro 1122 Brazil murray Ocular Oncology and Retina Miami Children＇s Hospital Florida 33143 USA St. Joseph＇s Children＇s Hospital New Jersey 07504 USA department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Texas 77030 USA department of Ophthalmology Ocular Oncology Istanbul Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul 34452 Turkey Oncology department Hospital JP Garrahan Buenos Aires 1245 Argentina department of Ophthalmology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam 1081 the Netherlands department of Head and Neck Tumors Science Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center Moscow 115478 Russia Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus Riley Hospital for Children Indiana University Medical Center Indiana 46202 USA National Oncology Center of Uzbekistan Tashkent 110508 Uzbekistan nstituto Nacional de Pediatria Coyoacan 04530 Mexico department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale New Haven CT 06520 USA Xin Hua Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China department of Ophthalmology Santa Casa Mi

AIM： To determine which IIRC scheme was used by retinoblastoma centers worldwide and the percentage of d eyes treated primarily with enucleation versus globe salvaging therapies as well as to correlate trends in treatment choice to IIRC version used and geographic region. METHOdS： An anonymized electronic survey was offered to 115 physicians at 39 retinoblastoma centers worldwide asking about IIRC classification schemes and treatment patterns used between 2008 and 2012. Participants were asked to record which version of the IIRC was used for classification, how many group d eyes were diagnosed, and how many eyes were treated with enucleation versus globe salvaging therapies. Averages of eyes per treatment modality were calculated and stratified by both IIRC version and geographic region. Statistical significance was determined by Chi-square, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests using Prism. RESULTS： The survey was completed by 29% of physicians invited to participate. Totally 1807 d eyes were diagnosed. Regarding IIRC system, 27% of centers used the Children＇s Hospital of Los Angeles （CHLA） version, 33% used the Children＇s Oncology Group （COG） version, 23% used the Philadelphia version, and 17% were unsure. The rate for primary enucleation varied between 0 and 100% and the mean was 29%. By IIRC version, primary enucleation rates were： Philadelphia, 8%; COG, 34%; and CHLA, 37%. By geographic region, primary enucleation rates were： Latin America, 57%; Asia, 40%; Europe, 36%; Africa, 10%, US, 8%; and Middle East, 8%. However, systemic chemoreduction was used more often than enucleation in all regions except Latin America with a mean of 57% per center （P〈0.0001）. CONCLUSION： Worldwide there is no consensus on which IIRC version is used, systemic chemoreduction was the most frequently used initial treatment during the study period followed by enucleation and primary treatment modality, especially enucleation, varied greatly with regards to IIRC version used and geographic r

关键词： retinoblastoma oncology retina enucleation chemotherapy intra-arterial chemotherapy ophthalmic arterychemosurgery cancer

Land tenure and landscape change:a comparison of public-private lands in the southern High Plains

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 139-152页

作者： Todd d.Fagin Jacqueline M.Vadjunec Nicole M.Colston Kathyrn Wenger Amy Graham Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma111 E.Chesapeake StNorman 73019OKUSA department of Geography Oklahoma State University337 Murray HallStillwater 74078OKUSA

Introduction:Long-term drought in the southern Great Plains increases the vulnerability of coupled human-environment systems at a variety of *** better understandings of the dynamics at regional scales will become increasingly important as long-established land-use regimes break down in the face of climate change,resource depletion,and evolving *** demonstrate differential vulnerability during drought periods,this study hypothesized that observed increases in woody vegetation in grasslands would vary across land-tenure *** argue that differences in State Trust Land governance,in part,lead to differential land management practices that contribute to landscape ***:The study area encompasses adjacent counties,Cimarron County in Oklahoma and Union County in New Mexico,with similar climate variability and agricultural *** analyzed National Land Cover database(NLCd)land-cover maps from 1992 and 2011 to assess changes in landscape composition and structure between 1992 and ***:during both years under consideration,each county in the study region,across various land-tenure regimes,was dominated by herbaceous ***,there were changes in both composition and structure across the whole study area,in particular losses of herbaceous vegetation and increases in woody *** greatest gains in woody vegetation occurred in State Trust Lands of Cimarron ***,the data suggest a fragmentation of herbaceous vegetation and a coalescing of shrubland ***:Research about the influence of land tenure on land management decisions,specifically the role of State Trust Land leases in overgrazing,informs the broader context of drought management in the southern Great *** include continued research to highlight the specific mechanisms of land-tenure governance that drive landscape change.

关键词： drought Land tenure Agriculture Landscape composition Landscape structure Southern Great Plains Grasslands Socio-ecological vulnerability National Land Cover database(NLCd)

高纤维膳食和补充乙酸盐改变肠道菌群,预防醋酸脱氧皮质酮-盐型高血压小鼠高血压和心力衰竭的发展

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中华高血压杂志 2016年第12期24卷 1160-1160页

作者：刘莉叶鹏 Marques FZ Nelson EM Chu PY Horlock d Fiedler A Ziemann M Tan JK Kuruppu S Rajapakse NW El-Osta A mackay CR Kaye dM

水果和蔬菜的膳食摄入与高血压的发生率较低有关,但所涉及的机制尚未阐明。该研究评估了高纤维膳食和短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acid,SCFA）（乙酸盐）对肠道微生物群和预防心血管病的影响。方法：用盐皮质激素诱发小鼠高血压模型... 详细信息

水果和蔬菜的膳食摄入与高血压的发生率较低有关,但所涉及的机制尚未阐明。该研究评估了高纤维膳食和短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acid,SCFA）（乙酸盐）对肠道微生物群和预防心血管病的影响。方法：用盐皮质激素诱发小鼠高血压模型,观测正常喂食组、高纤维喂食组和补充乙酸盐组的肠道微生物、心脏结构／功能和血压水平。

关键词：乙酸盐高血压模型心肌纤维化醋酸脱氧皮质酮短链脂肪酸肠道菌群肠道微生物心血管病生态失调拟杆菌

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产前空气污染暴露与新生儿血压

环境与职业医学 2015年第10期32卷 990-996页

作者： Lenie van Rossem Sheryl L.Rifas-Shiman Steven J.Melly Itai Kloog Heike Luttmann-Gibson Antonella Zanobetti Brent A.Coull Joel d.Schwartz murray A.Mittleman Emily Oken Matthew W.Gillman Petros Koutrakis diane R.Gold 汪源何蓉金泰廙 department of Environmental Health Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands Obesity Prevention Program Department of Population Medicine Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute Boston Massachusetts USA department of Geography and Environmental development Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva Israel department of Biostatistics Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA Channing Laboratory Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA department of Nutrition Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA 不详

[背景]对成人的研究已表明,空气污染暴露与血压升高有关。[目的]研究产前暴露于空气污染物与新生儿收缩压(SBP)之间的关联。[方法]研究马萨诸塞州波士顿市地区出生前队列中的1 131对母婴,计算各妊娠期以及产前2~90 d在固定监测点测量的... 详细信息

[背景]对成人的研究已表明,空气污染暴露与血压升高有关。[目的]研究产前暴露于空气污染物与新生儿收缩压(SBP)之间的关联。[方法]研究马萨诸塞州波士顿市地区出生前队列中的1 131对母婴,计算各妊娠期以及产前2~90 d在固定监测点测量的时间分辨的细颗粒物(≤2.5μm;PM2.5)、炭黑(BC)、一氧化氮(氮氧化合物)、二氧化氮(NO2)、臭氧(O3)和一氧化碳(CO)的平均暴露水平,并估计居住点水平上时空分辨的PM2.5和BC暴露。用自动仪器测量平均年龄为(30±18)h新生儿的收缩压,并使用混合效应模型检验空气污染物暴露与SBP之间的关联,分析中考虑了测量环境、孩子的出生体重、母亲的年龄、种族/族裔、社会经济地位、妊娠后期BP以及时间趋势。估计值表示为每一种污染物每增加一个四分位数间距(IQR)所致的SBP差异。[结果]在妊娠后期,较高的平均PM2.5和BC暴露与较高的SBP有关联[例如,居住地90 d BC平均值增加0.32μg/m3与SBP升高1.0(95%CI:0.1~1.8)mm Hg有关联]。相比之下,O3与SBP呈负相关[例如,产前90 d O3升高13.5×10-9与SBP降低2.3(95%CI:-4.4^-0.2)mm Hg有关联]。[结论]妊娠后期暴露于PM2.5和BC与新生儿SBP呈正相关,而O3与SBP呈负相关。纵向随访能够评估这些研究结果对这些新生儿随之的童年期和成年期的健康影响。

关键词：空气污染细颗粒物时间趋势氮氧化合物马萨诸塞州社会经济地位负相关族裔波士顿市自动仪器

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负重CT对膝关节腔宽径的三维定量评估

国际医学放射学杂志 2021年第4期44卷 484页

作者： T.d.Turmezei S.B.Low S.Rupret G.M.Treece A.H.Gee J.W.mackay 班然然

摘要骨性关节炎结构性病变成像传统上依赖 MRI 和 X线摄影。关节间隙图(JSM)可用于定量显示 CT 三维关节间隙宽度(JSW)。目的利用负重 CT 影像评价膝关节 JSM 的再

关键词：定量评估统计参数图

处理消化不良时非侵入性幽门螺旋杆菌试验与内镜检查同样有效

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英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第4期7卷 240-240页

作者： McColl KE murray LS Gillen d NHS Executive Research and development Technology Assessment Programme. NHS Executive Research and Development Technology Assessment Programme.NHS Executive Research and Development Technology Assessment Programme.

问题:对于有上消化道症状、就诊时需要进行消化不良方面检查的患者,根据单独一项幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)尿素呼气试验或内镜检查加尿素呼气试验,所进行的治疗同样有效吗?

关键词：消化不良幽门螺旋杆菌非侵入性试验内镜检查诊断尿素呼气试验

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他汀类药物：增加糖尿病发生风险

中国处方药 2010年第3期9卷 60-60页

作者： Sattar N Preiss d murray HM

他汀类药物是否会增加糖尿病发病风险，一直备受争论。本研究根据已发表和未发表的文献资料，用Meta方法分析该类药物使用与糖尿病发生的相关性。

关键词：他汀类药物糖尿病发生风险发病风险文献资料药物使用相关性

经静脉给予线性和大环钆螯合物后大鼠多器官内钆浓度的比较

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第1期 95-95页

作者： R.J.Mc donald J.S.Mc donald d.dai d.Schroeder M.E.Jentoft d.L.murray 张俊峰 department of Radiology College of Medicine Mayo Clinic

摘要目的在大鼠模型中比较多种线性和大环钆螯合物在组织中的沉积浓度,进一步了解钆对比剂(GBCA)在组织中的沉积程度和范围。材料与方法本研究已获得动物管

关键词： CI 经静脉螯合物

他汀类药物降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的长期安全性和有效性:苏格兰西部地区冠状动脉性心脏病预防20年随访研究

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中华高血压杂志 2016年第2期24卷 120-120页

作者：刘莉叶鹏 Ford I murray H McCowan C Packard CJ

以他汀类药物为基础降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LdL-C）的临床试验随访时间的延长加深了对他汀类药物的安全性和有效性的认知。该研究评估长期使用他汀类药物治疗对一个高危男性队列死亡率和累积死... 详细信息

以他汀类药物为基础降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LdL-C）的临床试验随访时间的延长加深了对他汀类药物的安全性和有效性的认知。该研究评估长期使用他汀类药物治疗对一个高危男性队列死亡率和累积死亡率的影响。方法和结果：苏格兰西部地区冠状动脉性心脏病（冠心病）预防研究是一项针对45～64岁男性高LdL-C血症患者的干预试验，纳入6595例研究对象，随机接受普伐他汀40mg／d或安慰剂，平均治疗4．9年，随后根据电子健康档案中的资料分析此后20年主要健康事件的发生。他汀类药物的使用被记录至试验后5年。

关键词：低密度脂蛋白胆固醇冠状动脉性心脏病他汀类药物心脏病预防西部地区苏格兰有效性安全性