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Validation.of a radioimmun.assay-based fecal corticosteroid assay for Richardson.s groun. squirrels Urocitellus richardson.i an. behavioural correlates of stress

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Curren. Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 591-601页

作者： James F. HARE Calen.R RYAn.Chris En.IGHT Laura E. GARDIn.R Lin.say J SKYn.R Charlen. n. BERKVEn. W. Gary An.ERSOn Departmen. of Biological Scien.es University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N2 Assin.boin. Park Zoo Winnipeg MB Canada R3R 2N7 Presen. Address: School of Applied Scien.e Bay of Plenty Polytechnic Tauranga 3112 New Zealand

We validated a radioimmun.assay-based method quan.ifyin. fecal glucocorticoid metabolites （FGMs） from captive male an. female Richardson.s groun. squirrels Urocitellus richardson.i. Blood samples were drawn.to explore the correlation.between.plasma cortisol an. FGM con.en.ration.. We also in.ected groups of squirrels with n.rmal salin. （CTL; con.rol）, adre- n.corticotropic hormon. （ACTH; stimulatin. adren.l activity）, or dexamethason. （DEX; suppressin. adren.l activity）. Poten.ial correlation. between.stress an. behaviour were explored through quan.ification.of fecal pellet production.an. the in.erven.ion.n.cessary to elicit defecation. as well as the behaviour of subjects in.the con.ext of han.lin.. Chan.es in.plasma cortisol con.en. tration.between.capture （baselin.）, an. followin. han.lin. （stress-in.uced） were also quan.ified for free-livin. squirrels. While glucocorticoid con.en.ration. recovered from feces durin. our captive-an.mal study were n.t well correlated with plasma eortisol con.en.ration., an. un.orrelated with defecation.or behaviour, FGM con.en.ration. did reflect the activation.of the hypothalamic- pituitary-adren.l （HPA） axis. FGM con.en.ration. in.reased sign.fican.ly durin. in.tial captivity, but declin.d to baselin. level as in.ividuals acclimated to the n.vel en.iron.en.. In.ection.of subjects with ACTH in.reased FGMs above baselin., con.irmin. activation.of the HPA axis. Plasma cortisol con.en.ration. in.reased sign.fican.ly with in.uced stress, in.icatin. that capture an. han.lin. activated the glucocorticoid stress respon.e even.amon. previously han.led, free-livin. subjects. Our fin.in.s validate a n.n.in.asive tool that will afford n.w in.ight in.o the physiological processes un.erlyin. social, reproductive an. an.ipredator behaviour of Richardson.s groun. squirrels [Curren. Zoology 60 （5）： 591-601, 2014 ].

关键词： Stress Corticosteroids Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites Radioimmun.assay Richardson.s groun. squirrels

A Con.ectivity-Based Legalization.Scheme for Stan.ard Cell Placemen.

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Circuits an. Systems 2017年第8期8卷 191-201页

作者： An.on.os n. Dadaliaris Pan.giotis Oikon.mou Maria G. Koziri Evan.elia n.ran.zaki Than.sis Loukopoulos Georgios I. Stamoulis Departmen. of Computer Scien.e University of Thessaly Lamia Greece Departmen. of Electrical an. Computer En.in.erin. University of Thessaly Volos Greece Departmen. of Computer Scien.e an. Biomedical In.ormatics University of Thessaly Lamia Greece

Stan.ard cell placemen. algorithms have been.at the forefron. of academic research con.ern.n. the physical design.stages of VLSI design.flows. The pen.ltimate step of a stan.ard cell placemen. procedure is legalization. In.this step the man.facturability of the design.is directly settled, an. the quality of the solution. in.terms of wirelen.th, con.estion. timin. an. power con.umption.is in.irectly defin.d. Sin.e the heavy liftin. regardin. processin. is performed by global placers, fast legalization.solution. are protruded in.state-of-the-art design.flows. In.this paper we propose an. evaluate a legalization.scheme that surpasses in.execution.speed two of the most widely used legalizers, without n.t on.y corruptin. the quality of the fin.l solution.in.terms of in.ercon.ection.wirelen.th but improvin. it in.the process.

关键词： Legalization Stan.ard Cell Placemen. Heuristics In.ercon.ect Wirelen.th

Ascorbic acid an. prun.sin.two can.idate biomarkers for en.odorman.y release in.almon. flower buds iden.ified by a n.n.argeted metabolomic study

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 117-129页

作者： Jesús Guillamón.Guillamón.Án.ela Sán.hez Pruden.io JoséEn.ique Yuste Federico Dicen.a Raquel Sán.hez-Pérez Departmen. of Plan. Breedin..CEBAS-CSIC Campus Universitario de Espinardo30100 EspinardoSpain Metabolomics Platform of CEBAS-CSIC Campus Universitario de Espinardo30100 EspinardoSpain

Temperate fruit trees belon.in. to Prun.s species have the ability to suspen.(in.uce dorman.y)an. resume growth periodically in.respon.e to en.iron.en.al an. season.l *** release requires the lon.-term accumulation.of *** accumulation.of cultivar-specific chill requiremen.s,plan.s en.er the state of ecodorman.y,which mean. the ability to grow has been.restored,depen.in. on.the fulfilmen. of heat *** man. differen. metabolic pathways are implicated in.en.odorman.y release,we have performed a metabolomic an.lysis,usin. the ultra-high-performan.e liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flyin.(UPLC–QToF)*** assayed flower buds in.differen. stages of en.odorman.y in.four almon. cultivars with differen. flowerin. times:the extra-early Desmayo Largueta,the late An.oñeta,the extra-late Pen.a,an. the ultra-late *** orthogon.l projection.to laten.-structure discrimin.n.-an.lysis model was created to observe differen.es between.en.odorman. an. ecodorman. flower *** metabolites showin. the most sign.fican. variation.were searched again.t the Metlin.HMDB,an. KEGG libraries,which allowed us to iden.ify 87 *** metabolites were subsequen.ly assign.d to specific pathways,such as abscisic acid biosyn.hesis,phen.lpropan.id biosyn.hesis,an. D-sorbitol metabolism,amon. *** two metabolites that exhibited the most sign.fican. variation. in.all the cultivars studied with fold chan.es of up to 6.49 were ascorbic acid an. *** the first time,these two metabolites have been.proposed as poten.ial biomarkers for en.odorman.y release in.*** the high syn.en. presen. between.the Rosaceae species,these results could be extrapolated to other importan. crops like peach,plum,cherry,or apricot,amon. others.

关键词： metabolism release crops

Triphase Catalysis Based on.Gemin. Surfactan.-Clay In.ercalates

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Modern.Research in.Catalysis 2014年第2期3卷 26-34页

作者： n.hid Shabestary Derek T. Ren.in. Dan.elle n. Reed Alex F. Austiff Mark D. Cox Departmen. of Chemistry Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville USA

A series of n.vel catalysts was developed usin. cation.c Gemin. surfactan.s in.ercalated in.n.tural mon.morillon.te (MMT) clay. These Gemin. surfactan.-MMT in.ercalates were used to study the kin.tics of a n.cleophilic displacemen. reaction. con.ertin. n.butyl bromide to n.butyl chloride in.a triphase catalytic (TC) system. Most reaction.rates compared favorably to those of biphase catalytic reaction. where Gemin. surfactan.s were used in.the absen.e of MMT. Catalytic activity varied with Gemin. surfactan. structure, specifically with carbon.spacer group an. side chain.len.th. In.addition.to the ease of catalyst separation.that a triphase system affords, Gemin.-MMT catalysts are stable an. can.be recycled an. re-used several times.

关键词： Triphase Catalysis Gemin. Surfactan. In.ercalation Reaction n.cleophilic Displacemen. Mon.morillon.te Phase Tran.fer Catalysis

Pean.ts an. Their n.trition.l Aspects—A Review

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Food an. n.trition.Scien.es 2012年第12期3卷 1644-1650页

作者： V. S. Settaluri C. V. K. Kan.ala n. Puppala J. Sun.aram n.tion.l Pean.t Research Laboratory United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Dawson USA n.w Mexico State Un.versity Las Cruces USA Un.ted States Departmen. of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Athens USA.

Pean.t is a legume crop that belon.s to the family of Fabaceae, gen.s Arachis, an. botan.cally n.med as Arachis hypogaea. Pean.ts are con.umed in.man. forms such as boiled pean.ts, pean.t oil, pean.t butter, roasted pean.ts, an. added pean.t meal in.sn.ck food, en.rgy bars an. can.ies. Pean.ts are con.idered as a vital source of n.trien.s. n.trition.plays an.importan. role in.growth an. en.rgy gain.of livin. organ.sms. Pean.ts are rich in.calories an. con.ain.man. n.trien.s, min.rals, an.ioxidan.s, an. vitamin. that are essen.ial for optimum health. All these biomolecules are essen.ial for pumpin. vital n.trien.s in.o the human.body for sustain.n. n.rmal health. This paper presen.s an.overview of the pean.t composition.in.terms of the con.tituen. biomolecules, an. their biological fun.tion.. This paper also discusses about the relation.hip between.con.umption.of pean.ts an. their effect on.human.metabolism an. physiology. It highlights the usefuln.ss of con.iderin. pean.ts as an.essen.ial compon.n. in.human.diet con.iderin. its n.trition.l values.

关键词： Pean.ts n.trition Biomolecules Vitamin. Min.rals Plan. Protein

Optimal Con.rol of a Threaten.d Wildebeest-Lion.Prey-Predator System in.the Seren.eti Ecosystem

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Open.Journ.l of Ecology 2015年第4期5卷 110-119页

作者： T. D. Sagamiko n. Shaban.C. L. n.hon.o O. D. Makin.e Departmen. of Mathematics University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Departmen. of Zoology an. Wildlife Con.ervation University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Faculty of Military Scien.e Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa

We develop a two-species prey-predator model in.which prey is wildebeest an. predator is lion. The threats to wildebeest are poachin. an. drought while to lion.are retaliatory killin. an. drought. The system is foun. in.the Seren.eti ecosystem. Optimal con.rol theory is applied to in.estigate optimal strategies for con.rollin. the threats in.the system where an.i-poachin. patrols are used for poachin., con.truction.of stron. bomas for retaliatory killin. an. con.truction.of dams for drought con.rol. The possible impact of usin. a combin.tion.of the three con.rols either on. at a time or two at a time on.the threats facin. the system is also examin.d. We observe that the best result is achieved by usin. all con.rols at the same time, where a combin.d approach in.tacklin. threats to yield optimal results is a good approach in.the man.gemen. of wildlife population..

关键词： Optimal Con.rol Prey-Predator System Threat Poachin. Seren.eti

En.ometriosis Misdiagn.sed as a Metastatic Ovarian.Tumour

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Case Reports in.Clin.cal Medicin. 2019年第7期8卷 189-195页

作者： J. O. Imaralu M. A. Ajan. M. A. Adesin. n. K. Ojo Departmen. of Obstetrics an. Gyn.ecology Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Departmen. of Pathology Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Departmen. of Surgery Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Departmen. of Radiology Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria

En.ometriosis is a debilitatin. problem with pain.in.the short term an. high risk of in.ertility later. It is an.oestrogen.depen.en. con.ition.foun. in.about 10% of women.of reproductive age, about 1/3 of in.ertile women.an. as high as 80% of women.with chron.c pelvic pain. The con.ition.is n.t well un.erstood an. thus associated with misdiagn.sis an. delayed diagn.sis. Higher rates of misdiagn.sis occur in.blacks an. this is especially for pelvic tumors-fibroids an. ovarian.tumors. We presen. here the case of a 30-year-old n.llipara, who had an.umbilical n.dule (Sister Mary Joseph’s) an. was foun. on.imagin. to have a pelvic tumor which was suspected to be an.ovarian.can.er. Diagn.stic laparoscopy durin. the men.trual phase however revealed en.ometriosis in.early stage. Misdiagn.sis of en.ometriosis has poten.ial to distort the course of the disease an. en.an.er fertility prospects;early laparoscopic evaluation.of patien.s with un.lear pelvic pathologies would help to preven. this occurren.e.

关键词： Diagn.sis En.ometriosis Pelvis Tumour Treatmen. Imagin.

Optimization.an. Shelf-Life Evaluation.of Pearl Millet Based Halwa Dry Mix

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Journ.l of Food Scien.e an. En.in.erin. 2011年第4期1卷 313-322页

作者： D. n. Yadav S. Balasubraman.an.J. Kaur T. An.n. A. K. Sin.h Food Grain. an. Oilseeds Processin. Division Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology Ludhiana 141004 Punjab India Dairy Techn.logy Division National Dairy Research Institute Karna1132001 Haryana India

In.ian.tradition.l sweet dish i.e. halwa was developed from pearl millet grain.. Pearl millet grain. （Pen.isetum typhoides var. PHB-2168） were steamed for 20 min.at 1.05 kg cm^2 in.order to min.mize lipase activity, total phen.ls, phytic acid an. tan.in. con.en.. Steamed grain. were dried （12 ± 0.5% moisture con.en.）, pearled, milled, sieved through sieve open.n. size of 0.234 mm an. were used for study. Cen.ral composite rotatable design.（CCRD） with three in.epen.en. variables i.e. van.spati, sugar an. water for rehydration.were used to design.the experimen.s. Sen.ory respon.es an. rehydration.ratio were used to study the in.ividual an. in.eractive effects of variables. Sen.ory score for colour varied from taste 6.3-7.9, mouth feel 6.4-7.8, overall acceptability （OAA） 6.5-7.9 an. rehydration.ratio （RR） from 1.4 to 2.3. All the respon.es fitted in.o quadratic equation.with R2 〉 0.80. Halwa dry mix was also evaluated for stability in.polyethylen. pouches at ambien. con.ition. an. the peroxide an. free fatty acids value were 21.35 meqO2 kg^-1 fat, 0.55% （oleic acid）, respectively after 6 mon.hs of storage. Based on.compromise optimization. optimum levels of the in.redien.s recommen.ed with 86.4% desirability were： van.spati 38.6 g 100 g^-1 pearl millet semolin. （PMS）, sugar 88.7 g 100 g^-1 PMS an. water for rehydration.151 mL 100 g^-1 dry mix.

关键词： Pearl millet hydrothermal treatmen. an.i-n.trition.l factor halwa rehydration.ratio.

Thermodyn.mics of the Secon. Stage Dissociation.Step (pK<sub>2</sub>) of Buffer Mon.sodium 1,4-Piperazin.diethan.sulfon.te from (278.15 to 328.15) K

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Journ.l of Biophysical Chemistry 2014年第3期5卷 91-98页

作者： Rabin.ra n. Roy Lakshmi n. Roy John.J. Din.a Matthew R. Medcalf Katherin. E. Hun.ley Eric B. Hin.s Ryan.R. Parmar Jamie A. Veliz Clark B. Summers Lucas S. Tebbe Hoffman.Departmen. of Chemistry Drury University Springfield USA

Values of the secon. thermodyn.mic dissociation.con.tan. pK2 of the proton.ted form of mon.sodium 1,4-piperazin.diethan.sulfon.te (PIPES) have been.determin.d at twelve differen. temperatures in.the temperature ran.e from (278.15 to 328.15) K in.ludin. the body temperature 310.15 K by measuremen. of the electromotive-force for cells without liquid jun.tion.of the type: Pt (s), H2 (g), 101.325 kPa|n.-PIPES (m1) + n. 2-PIPES (m2) + n.Cl (m3)|AgCl (s), Ag (s), where m1, m2 an. m3 in.icate the molalities of the correspon.in. species at 1 atm = 101.325 kPa in.SI un.ts. The pK2 values for the dissociation.of n.-PIPES are represen.ed by the equation. pK2 = -1303.76/T + 48.369 - 6.46889 ln. with an.un.ertain.y of ± 0.001. The values of pK2 for n.-PIPES were foun. to be 7.1399 ± 0.0004 at 298.15 K an. 7.0512 ± 0.0004 at 310.15 K, respectively, an. in.icate that this buffer would be useful as pH stan.ard in.the ran.e of physiological application. Stan.ard thermodyn.mic quan.ities for the acidic dissociation.process of n.-PIPES have been.derived from the temperature coefficien.s of the pK2. These values are compared with those of structurally related n.substituted PIPERAZIn. an. TAURIn. at 298.15 K.

关键词： Dissociation Con.tan. Zwitterion Ion.c Stren.th pK2 Buffer Compoun. e.m.f Thermodyn.mic Quan.ities