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MAX-DOAS and in-situ measurements of aerosols and trace gases over Dongying,China:Insight into ozone formation sensitivity based on secondary HCHO

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 656-668页

作者： Xiaojun Zheng zeeshan Javed Cheng Liu Aimon Tanvir Osama Sandhu Haoran Liu Xiangguang Ji Chengzhi Xing Hua Lin Daolin Du Institute of Environment and Ecology School of the Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics&Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Agromet Center Pakistan Meteorological DepartmentIslamabad 44000Pakistan Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

This study presents a comprehensive overview of the atmospheric pollutants including Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),Formaldehyde(HCHO),Particulate Matter PM;PM_(10):diameter≤10μm,and PM_(2.5):diameter≤2.5μm,and Ozone(O_(3)),over Dongying(Shandong Province)from March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 by employing ground-based Multiple Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)observations along with the in-situ measurements attained by the national air quality monitoring *** concentrations of SO_(2)and NO_(2)were under the acceptable level,while both PM_(2.5),and PM_(10)were higher than the safe levels as prescribed by national and international air quality *** results depict that 21%of the total observation days were found to be complex polluted days(PM_(2.5)>35μg/m^(3) and O_(3)>160μg/m^(3)).The secondary HCHO was used for accurate analysis of O_(3)sensitivity.A difference of 11.40%and 10%during March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 respectively in O_(3)sensitivity was found between HCHO_(total)/NO_(2)and HCHO_(sec)/NO_(2).The results indicate that primary HCHO have significant contribution in HCHO.O_(3)formation predominantly remained to be in VOC-limited and transitional regime during March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 in *** results imply that concurrent control of both NO_(x) and VOCs would benefit in ozone ***,the criteria pollutants(PM,SO_(2),and NO_(2))depicted strong correlations with each other except for O_(3)for which weak correlation coefficient was obtained with all the *** study will prove to be baseline for designing of air pollution control strategies.

关键词： MAX-DOAS Trace gases Ozone sensitivity Secondary HCHO Complex Pollution

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Model Agnostic Meta-Learning(MAML)-Based Ensemble Model for Accurate Detection of Wheat Diseases Using Vision Transformer and Graph Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2795-2811页

作者： Yasir Maqsood Syed muhammad Usman Musaed Alhussein Khursheed Aurangzeb Shehzad Khalid muhammad Zubair Department of Creative Technologies Faculty of Computing and Artificial IntelligenceAir UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Bahria School of Engineering and Applied SciencesBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Laboratory for Neuro&Psychophysiology KU LeuvenLeuven3000Belgium

Wheat is a critical crop,extensively consumed worldwide,and its production enhancement is essential to meet escalating *** presence of diseases like stem rust,leaf rust,yellow rust,and tan spot significantly diminishes wheat yield,making the early and precise identification of these diseases vital for effective disease *** advancements in deep learning algorithms,researchers have proposed many methods for the automated detection of disease pathogens;however,accurately detectingmultiple disease pathogens simultaneously remains a *** challenge arises due to the scarcity of RGB images for multiple diseases,class imbalance in existing public datasets,and the difficulty in extracting features that discriminate between multiple classes of disease *** this research,a novel method is proposed based on Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks for augmenting existing data,thereby overcoming the problems of class imbalance and data *** study proposes a customized architecture of Vision Transformers(ViT),where the feature vector is obtained by concatenating features extracted from the custom ViT and Graph Neural *** paper also proposes a Model AgnosticMeta Learning(MAML)based ensemble classifier for accurate *** proposedmodel,validated on public datasets for wheat disease pathogen classification,achieved a test accuracy of 99.20%and an F1-score of 97.95%.Compared with existing state-of-the-art methods,this proposed model outperforms in terms of accuracy,F1-score,and the number of disease pathogens *** future,more diseases can be included for detection along with some other modalities like pests and weed.

关键词： Wheat disease detection deep learning vision transformer graph neural network model agnostic meta learning

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Power System Stability using Virtual Synchronous Generator for Loading Management

Power System Stability using Virtual Synchronous Generator f...

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作者： muhammad zeeshan Jamal 华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

The inertial response plays a vital role in electrical networks to reduce the rate of change of frequency（Ro Co F）following a contingency *** the inertia has a low or zero value due to a lack of synchronous generators,then the electrical network might experience large undesirable frequency *** overcome this problem,in previous research,mathematical methods have been emerged to enhance the system stability in current source based *** battery energy storage system embodies the isolated microgrid operates as voltage source and the implementation of the demand side management in which frequency is used as a communication *** requirement for inertia frequency response is *** this work,the power electronics methods to emulate virtual inertia have been found,developed and *** this research,an overview of existing methods has been presented,which includes the introduction of the principles and comparison between their advantages and *** on those techniques,an additional PID controller has been proposed for the isolated microgrids working as current ***,three control schemes to incite inertial responses have been proposed for the microgrids in voltage source type as follows: 1)swing equation method,2)low pass filter,and 3)an adjustable rate *** studies to test and compare the proposed methods have been ***,the corresponding dynamic models of investigated microgrids are created by Simulink graphical *** models allow the study of the voltage source based islanded network in similar conditions as the current source based system,and facilitates their ***,the project includes the comparison between the system behaviors with and without additional inertia control loops in islanded networks with and without rotating mass synchronous generators,*** different responses in the two source types also have been *** dominates the

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Burning Regression Analysis for 3D Grain Configurations

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Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing 2010年第1期20卷 39-45页

作者： ALI Kamran LIANG Guozhu muhammad zeeshan Siddiqui School of Astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Grain design is essentially filling a prescribed volume （chamber case） with a certain shape of propellant so as to ensure mission requirements. An infinite number of possibilities exist, covering from two dimensional to three dimensional grain designs. Accurate calculation of grain geometrical properties plays a vital role in performance prediction. In this paper a methodology has been presented for designing 3D grain configuration for Solid Rocket Motors （SRMs）. The design process involves parametric modeling of the geometry in CAD software through dynamic variables that define the complex configuration. Initial geometry is defined in the form of a surface which defines the grain configuration. Grain bum back is achieved by making new surfaces at each web increment and calculating geometrical properties at each step. Geometrical calculations are based on volume and change in volume calculations. Models for Axisymetric and Finocyl grain configuration have been developed. Equilibrium pressure method is used to calculate the internal ballistics. The procedure adopted can be applied to any complex geometry in a relatively simple way for preliminary designing of grain configuration.

关键词： internal ballistics grain burning regression solid rocket motor 3D grains

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Assessment of Rock Mass Quality and Deformation Modulus by Empirical Methods along Kandiah River, KPK, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Geology 2018年第10期8卷 947-964页

作者： Mian Sohail Akram Kamran Mirza muhammad zeeshan muhammad Asad Jabbar Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

The pivotal aim of this study is to evaluate the rock mass characterization and deformation modulus. It is vital for rock mass classification to investigate important parameters of discontinuities. Therefore, Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Tunneling quality index (Q) classification systems are applied to analyze 22 segments along proposed tunnel routes for hydropower in Kandiah valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. RMR revealed the range of fair to good quality rocks, whereas Q yielded poor to fair quality rocks for investigated segments of the rock mass. Besides, Em values were acquired by empirical equations and computer-aided program RocLab, and both methods presented almost similar variation trend of their results. Hence, the correlations of Em with Q and RMR were carried out with higher values of the regression coefficient. This study has scientific significance to initially understand the rock mass conditions of Kandiah valley.

关键词： Rock Mass Classification RMR and Q Deformation Modulus (Em) Empirical Equations RocLab Tunnel

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The Correlation between Nutrition and Transport Mechanism under Abiotic Stress in Plants: A Comprehensive Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1325-1344页

作者： muhammad Saleem Jianhua Zhang muhammad Qasim Rashid Iqbal Li Song Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Microelement Research Center College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

Variations in the nutrients and water that plants require for metabolism,development,and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis are the main causes of abiotic stress in *** has,however,hardly ever been studied how these transporter proteins,such as aquaporin which is responsible for food and water intake in cell plasma mem-branes,interact with one *** review aims to explore the interactions between nutrient transporters and aquaporins during water and nutrient *** also investigates how symbiotic relationships inﬂuence the plant genome’s responses to regulatory processes such as photoperiodism,senescence,and nitrogenﬁ*** responses are observed in reaction to various abiotic *** instance,plasma membrane transporters are upregulated during macronutrient insufﬁciency,tonoplast transporters are overexpressed,and aquaporins are downregulated in micronutrient deﬁ***,tolerant plants often exhibit increased expression of nutrient transporters and aquaporins in response to drought,salt,and cold *** better comprehend plant stress tolerance to abiotic challenges including starvation,K famine,salt,and freezing temperatures,both classes of nutrient and water transporters should be considered at the same time.

关键词： Nutrients abiotic stress aquaporin transporters

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Novel Fractal-Based Features for Low-Power Appliances in Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 507-526页

作者： Anam Mughees muhammad Kamran Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology(UET)Lahore54890Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering&Technology(MNS UET)Multan60000Pakistan

Non-intrusive load monitoring is a method that disaggregates the overall energy consumption of a building to estimate the electric power usage and operating status of each appliance *** studies have mostly concentrated on the identification of high-power appliances like HVAC systems while overlooking the existence of low-power ***-power consumer appliances have comparable power consumption patterns,which can complicate the detection task and can be mistaken as *** research tackles the problem of classification of low-power appliances and uses turn-on current transients to extract novel features and develop unique appliance signatures.A hybrid feature extraction method based on mono-fractal and multi-fractal analysis is proposed for identifying low-power *** dimension,Hurst exponent,multifractal spectrum and the Hölder exponents of switching current transient signals are extracted to develop various‘turn-on’appliance signatures for *** classifiers,i.e.,deep neural network,support vector machine,decision trees,and K-nearest neighbours have been optimized using Bayesian optimization and trained using the extracted *** simulated results showed that the proposed method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art feature extraction methods across all optimized classifiers,achieving an accuracy of up to 96%in classifying low-power appliances.

关键词： Nonintrusive load monitoring multi-fractal analysis appliance classification switching transients

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Bio-templated Fabrication and Remote Actuation of Pollen-Based Magnetic Microcapsules for Active Cargo Delivery

Bio-templated Fabrication and Remote Actuation of Pollen-Bas...

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作者： muhammad zeeshan Naeem 福建工程学院

学位级别：硕士

纳米技术的主要目标是制造能够在环境和生物医学领域中发挥多重作用的微型机器以取代宏观小型装置。微纳米机器人不仅在纳米技术领域引起了广泛的关注,而且也在医学等其他科学领域也引起了广泛的关注。许多科学家正努力通过开发新的策略... 详细信息

纳米技术的主要目标是制造能够在环境和生物医学领域中发挥多重作用的微型机器以取代宏观小型装置。微纳米机器人不仅在纳米技术领域引起了广泛的关注,而且也在医学等其他科学领域也引起了广泛的关注。许多科学家正努力通过开发新的策略,例如,微纳米机器的功能性、广泛性、运动可控性等来推动其发展。研究人员报道,微纳米机器人能够熟练地通过狭窄的毛细血管或复杂的生物介质并进行导航,完成诊断、取样活检、体内成像和靶向释放人体受损组织等操作。微纳米机器人在体内的应用证实了它们在组织穿透、货物装载和保留等方面能力的改进。这些微纳米机器人以其装载药物和高效递送药物的能力有望替代医疗机器人。此外,这些微纳米机器人不需要使用任何电池或电缆来操作或控制它们,它们可以通过光、化学、超声、电和磁场等外场力等进行远程驱动及操控。磁性微纳米颗粒种类众多,但在纳米医学领域中,具有超顺磁性的纳米颗粒如磁铁矿(FeO)和磁赤铁矿(γ-FeO)被认为具有很大的潜力。由于它们的生物相容性和超顺磁性,这些纳米颗粒得到了广泛的应用。它们在磁场作用下会迅速磁化或退磁,表现出低的磁滞性,并且可以通过在磁性纳米颗粒表面修饰上不同的物质,使其功能化以适应特定的医学和治疗用途。由于合成具有柔性结构和性能的微纳米机器人具有挑战性且成本高昂,因此我们可以利用具有柔性结构的天然生物来制造微纳米机器人。许多基于生物相容性材料的微纳米机器人都可以被降解,并且在处理后就可以分离。在仿生合成方面,许多有机结构被用于完整的生物系统,如微生物、类病毒颗粒、蜘蛛丝和花粉等。研究学者们对具有复杂结构的微米尺度壳体的设计进行了无数次的尝试,但迄今为止都没有取得成功。在过去的几十年里出现了各种不同的制造技术,但大自然有能力制造出仿真的复杂微胶囊结构,例如微大小的花粉颗粒,可以将生物材料在一个保护性的外壳中保存很长一段时间。在自然界中,花粉起着保护作用,防止遗传物质因脱水、光照和微生物的攻击而降解。随着越来越多的研究人员认识到花粉及其结构的独特性,及其可大批量生产和可收集性,研究人员对花粉及其结构展开广泛的制备研究。在本研究中,我们利用两种花粉(茶花、莲花)作为模板,在其表面修饰微磁颗粒用以包封药物及执行应用。花粉的多孔中空腔体结构使其适于装载所需的药物,并能降解污水或吸附水中有害重金属。将每个品种的花粉进行脱脂处理,然后采用提取技术收集微胶囊壳体结构。提取技术为利用4M盐酸溶液,使用恒温集热式磁力搅拌器将花粉和盐酸的混合物加热至70o摄氏度反应12小时。胶囊壳体的提取对于实现装药的目的是必不可少的。我们已经使用了两种不同的制造方法(机械搅拌法,超声化学法),这在大规模制造方面是安全且经济有效的。这些装载技术成功地将前体沉积在生物模板表面,并赋予其磁性。以莲花花粉为生物模板,采用机械搅拌和超声化学两种不同的技术,在70℃条件下反应2h。在本研究中,我们通过控制温度、浓度和时间来控制花粉表面沉积物质的厚度。我们使用了不同的沉积时间(1.5h,2h,2.5h,4h和6h)来研究时间对沉积层的影响。结果表明,随着时间的延长,花粉表面沉积前驱体的分布受到影响。另一方面,用不同浓度(0.1M、0.5M、0.05M、0.15M)的Fe Cl溶液观察花粉表面纳米颗粒的沉积情况。前驱体沉积于花粉表面后,在真空炉下进行550℃-30min的退火处理。在这种退火处理中,观察到花粉颗粒发生缩小,导致遗传物质从腔体中消失。研究表明,随着Fe Cl溶液浓度的增加,前驱体会形成一层薄薄的前驱体。此外,在用机械搅拌法制备的花粉时,浓度为0.1M的样品表面均匀负载上致密的磁性颗粒壳层。花粉壳的独特结构和强度在超声化学技术制造过程中显示出了良好的效果,这种方法已应用于各种微纳米材料制造。在本研究中,我们以莲花花粉为模板,使用一步超声化学法在70°C条件下反应2小时制备纳米颗粒,仪器的超声频率设置为(40khz,2W cm)。在这一过程中,花粉的结构得到保持,但花粉粒表面前体的分布不均匀。接着在550℃下退火30min,利用SEM、EDS和XRD等技术对这些前体颗粒进行分析。结果表明,0.25M的样品具有明显的前驱体沉积的和较好的磁性能。其中磁性能是通过磁铁吸引加以证明。比较了两种制备方法的XRD谱图,发现机械搅拌法更适合以莲花花粉为生物模板制备磁性微颗粒。并通过甲基蓝(MB)的吸附实验计算其吸附率。实验结果表明MB吸附率为95%,吸附量为7.6 mg/g。最后,通过施加30 GS-8GH的外部磁场,莲花粉以不同的方式(滚动、旋转)实现运动。这些磁性粒子的成功驱动表明,它们在医疗和环境应用方面存在潜力。用茶花粉为模板制备微型机器人,采用两种不同的制备方法,在70℃下反应2h合成磁性微颗粒。茶花花粉的形状呈三角形,在花粉粒的表面含有大量的空隙。花粉的外层存在

关键词：微/纳米机器人花粉生物模板制造磁驱动主动传递

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响应式外遮阳系统作为充气建筑在节能和采光方面的应用

响应式外遮阳系统作为充气建筑在节能和采光方面的应用

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作者： muhammad zeeshan Saqib 天津大学

学位级别：硕士

20世纪末充气结构建筑发展到了一个新的高度。这种新型建筑结构采用特殊的织物膜材,并以气压增强结构刚度。轻质灵活,易于建造与运输的特点使得充气结构成为大跨建筑屋面和临时建筑的最佳选择,长期以来被应用于这些领域。随着以提升能... 详细信息

20世纪末充气结构建筑发展到了一个新的高度。这种新型建筑结构采用特殊的织物膜材,并以气压增强结构刚度。轻质灵活,易于建造与运输的特点使得充气结构成为大跨建筑屋面和临时建筑的最佳选择,长期以来被应用于这些领域。随着以提升能效为目标的响应型建筑立面系统在建筑领域的广泛应用,对先进立面系统的研究成为一种趋势,而充气结构提供了一种新的技术解决方案。响应型立面系统中应用的充气结构可更有效地实现灵活调节和能效提升的双重目标,比如轻质模块化,经济灵活的充气式模块可产生高效的遮阳和光扩散效果,非常适合用于响应型立面的遮阳系统。本论文系统研究了充气结构和环境响应型立面系统的发展历程,应用现状和未来前景,提出了一种具有聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜的充气结构遮阳模块的环境响应型立面系统的技术概念及原型设计方案,并通过虚拟模型进行设计概念的探索和深化。研究中利用Rhino平台和Grasshopper插件进行虚拟模型建模,并基于Kangaroo插件进行了交互式物理变化模拟,对设计方案中真实充气过程的物理变化进行了仿真研究。接下来本论文中对这种充气结构遮阳模块立面系统对建筑能耗和天然采光的影响进行了模拟研究,验证了其对建筑节能的有效性。模拟中采用Radiance光环境模拟引擎中的Gen-BSDF生成双向散射分布函数(Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Function,BSDF),并采用Grasshopper插件Honeybee控制Radiance光环境模拟引擎和Energy Plus能耗模拟引擎协同,进行三阶段的天然采光和能耗模拟,并应用多准则决策矩阵得到这种充气结构遮阳模块立面系统最佳的年运行模式。通过本论文的研究可以得出这种采用织物膜材的充气结构遮阳模块环境响应型立面系统可显著降低建筑制冷负荷的同时保证建筑内部的天然采光。本研究也证明了开发新型协同技术方案可有利于充气结构和响应型立面系统的发展。此外,本论文中通过织物膜材热工和采光性能的综合性能研究和应用方案设计,也可为更多特殊结构在环境响应型立面系统中高效而人性化地应用提供借鉴。

关键词：充气结构响应型立面系统双向散射分布函数能耗模拟采光模拟

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Gravity-driven powder flow and the influence of external vibration on flow characteristics

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 201-209页

作者： muhammad Shahid Ansari Ratna Kumar Annabattula Sathyan Subbiah Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

The controlled and homogeneous flow of dry granular powders through hoppers is essential for applications,namely,packaging of food grains,fertilizers and additive manufacturing processes such as directed energy deposition for better product *** of the major issues encountered in the granular flows through hoppers is flow stagnation due to the well-known arching ***-assisted granular flow through hoppers is one of the mechanisms used for better mass flow *** this work,the influence of external mechanical vibration on the powder flow is investigated experimentally and using discrete element ***,the mass flow rate through the hopper increases with an increase in vibration amplitude and then decreases,signifying the existence of an optimal amplitude of *** DEM simulations explained the underlying mechanisms for the existence of an optimal amplitude of vibration corresponding to the maximum mass flow rate.A range of vibration amplitudes from 0 mm to 3.5 mm is used to study the flow behaviour;the maximum flow of around 33 g/s to 35 g/s is observed for 0.75 mm to 1.25 mm vibration amplitude for the hopper-particle combination studied in this *** work also reports the influence of vibration frequency,hopper,and particle dimension on the flow *** research facilitates the effective use of mechanical vibration to enhance powder flow that can further be extended to non-spherical and multi-material particles.

关键词： Discrete element method Flow rate Granular flow Path tracking Vibration intensity

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