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Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment for drinking and agricultural purposes in District Jacobabad,Lower Indus Plain,Pakistan

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第2期11卷 115-121页

作者： Asfandyar Shahab Shihua Qi muhammad zaheer Audil Rashid muhammad Afnan Talib Umer Ashraf College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilinGuangxi 541004China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Department of Environmental Sciences PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

Undeniably water is of utmost importance while considering basic *** investigation emphasized on the hydrochemical evaluation and drinking water quality assessment in District Jacobabad located in lower Indus plain,*** world's largest irrigation system emerged from Indus Basin,which is underlain by well transmissive aquifer resulting in higher water *** supply schemes with their water sources from ground water and surface water provide piped water for drinking purpose to the *** samples were collected from all the forty eight supply schemes of which thirty two were found *** parameters were compared with World Health Organization(WHO)and Pakistan Water Quality Standards but adversely substantial samples were found ***,bicarbonate and nitrate met the standard safe limits while values for EC,TDS,hardness,cations and anions exceeded the limits in numerous *** and ArcGIS softwares were used for statistical analysis and spatial distribution of *** facies were developed and suitability assessment of water resources was examined for agricultural *** ground water type was classified as Na-HCO3 type with high salinity and it required treatment prior to *** proposed research exhibited the probable drinking water contamination sources and it demanded instant actions to further protect the valuable drinking water resources in District Jacobabad.

关键词： water quality assessment water supply schemes drinking and agriculture arsenic ArcGIS Pakistan

Physiological and biochemical appraisal for mulching and partial rhizosphere drying of cotton

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第5期11卷 785-794页

作者： Rashid IQBAL muhammad A S RAZA muhammad F SALEEM Imran H KHAN Salman AHMAD muhammad S zaheer muhammad U ASLAM Imran HAIDER Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesIslamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210000China

Water is the main factor for the healthy life of *** of the main negative effects of climate change is the increasing scarcity of water that is lethal for ***,for water deficit regions(arid and semi-arid),drought is the main factor responsible for low production of agriculture,especially for *** efforts have been and are being made to find alternatives to water saving *** study aimed to examine the effects of partial rhizosphere drying(PRD,half of the root system irrigated at one event,and the other half irrigated in the next event,and so on)with and/or without various mulching treatments on physiological and biochemical traits of *** explore this objective,we laid out experiments in completely randomized design with factorial arrangement in the Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Pakistan in *** factors included were four mulching treatments(M0,no mulching;M1,black plastic mulching;M2,wheat straw mulching;and M3,cotton sticks mulching)and two irrigation levels(I0,control(full irrigation);and I1,PRD).Fisher's analysis of variance among means of treatments was compared using least significant difference test at 5% probability *** revealed that the maximum plant height,leaf area,leaf gas exchange(photosynthetic rate and stomata conductance),chlorophyll,proline and total sugar contents,and enzyme activities were higher under M2 than under other three mulching *** for irrigation levels,higher values of plant height,photosynthesis and water related parameters(leaf water potential,leaf osmotic potential,leaf turgor potential,etc.)were *** of total sugar and proline and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher in PRD-treated plants than in control *** was concluded that combined application of PRD and mulching was more effective than the rest of the treatments used in the *** study can be conducted in the field by applying irrigation water in alternate row

关键词： antioxidant enzymes mulching partial rhizosphere drying photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance

Qualitatively and quantitatively assessing the aggregation ability of sludge during aerobic granulation process combined XDLVO theory with physicochemical properties

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 154-160页

作者： Shasha Yuan Mingming Gao Hui Ma muhammad zaheer Afzal Yun-Kun Wang Mingyu Wang Hai Xu Shu-Guang Wang Xin-Hua Wang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250100China Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning Tongzhou District Branch Beijing 101101China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityJinan 250100China

Inexact mechanism of aerobic granulation still impedes optimization and application of aerobic granules. In this study, the extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek（XDLVO） theory and physicochemical properties were combined to assess the aggregation ability of sludge during aerobic granulation process qualitatively and quantitatively. Results show that relative hydrophobicity of sludge and polysaccharide content of extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） increased, while electronegativity of sludge decreased during acclimation phase. After 20 days＇ acclimation, small granules began to form due to high aggregation ability of sludge. Since then, coexisted flocs and granules possessed distinct physicochemical properties during granulation and maturation phase. The relative hydrophobicity decreased while electronegativity increased for flocs, whereas that for granules presented reverse trend. Through analyzing the interaction energy using the XDLVO theory, small granules tended to self-grow rather than self-aggregate or attach of flocs due to poor aggregation ability between flocs and granules during the granulation phase. Besides, remaining flocs were unlikely to self-aggregate owing to poor aggregation ability, low hydrophobicity and high electronegativity.

关键词： Aerobic granulation XDLVO theory Aggregation ability Extracellular polymeric substances

Electronic-property dependent interactions between tetracycline and graphene nanomaterials in aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 286-294页

作者： Lin He Fei-fei Liu Mengyao Zhao Zhen Qi Xuefei Sun muhammad zaheer Afzal Xiaomin Sun Yanhui Li Jingcheng Hao Shuguang Wang Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong University Insistute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong University Environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory Qingdao University Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education Shandong University

Understanding the interactions between graphene nanomaterials（GNMs） and antibiotics in aqueous solution is critical to both the engineering applications of GNMs and the assessment of their potential impact on the fate and transport of antibiotics in the aquatic environment. In this study, adsorption of one common antibiotic, tetracycline, by graphene oxide（GO） and reduced graphene oxide（RGO） was examined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs） and graphite as comparison. The results showed that the tetracycline adsorption capacity by the four selected carbonaceous materials on the unit mass basis followed an order of GO ＆gt; RGO ＆gt; MWCNTs ＆gt; graphite. Upon normalization by surface area,graphite, RGO and MWCNTs had almost the same high tetracycline adsorption affinity while GO exhibited the lowest. We proposed π-electron-property dependent interaction mechanisms to explain the observed different adsorption behaviors. Density functional theory（DFT） calculations suggested that the oxygen-containing functional groups on GO surface reduced its π-electron-donating ability, and thus decreased the π-based interactions between tetracycline and GO surface. Comparison of adsorption efficiency at different p H indicated that electrostatic interaction also played an important role in tetracycline-GO interactions. Site energy analysis confirmed a highly heterogeneous distribution of the binding sites and strong tetracycline binding affinity of GO surface.

关键词： Graphene oxide Reduced graphene oxide Tetracycline Adsorption DFT calculation π-Based interaction

Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Hydroquinone in Skin Whitening Cosmetics

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2012年第3期2卷 224-228页

作者： Saima Siddique Zahida Parveen Zeeshan Ali muhammad zaheer PCSIR Labs Complex Lahore Pakistan

Hydroquinone has been used for decades as a skin lightening agent. Its use in cosmetics has been banned as a result of skin problems including contact dermatitis and ochronosis. A total of 22 samples of different skin whitening cosmetics were collected from local market. They were analyzed by using thin layer chromatography and HPLC for qualitative and quantitative determination of their hydroquinone contents. The hydroquinone was extracted from samples by using 96% ethanol and was subjected to TLC analysis. Eleven out of 22 samples were found to contain hydroquinone. The HPLC analysis showed the concentration of hydroquinone ranged from 0.002% to 0.092% in the cosmetic samples.

关键词： Hydroquinone HPLC Whitening Cosmetics Thin Layer Chromatography

Population Status, Threats and Conservation of the Spotted Pond Turtle;Geoclemys Hamiltonii (Gray, 1830) (Geoemydidae) of Pakistan

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Journal of Zoological Research 2021年第1期3卷 29-37页

作者： Amtyaz Safi muhammad zaheer Khan Roohi Kanwal Hans-Volker Karl Department of Zoology(Wildlife Section) University of KarachiKarachi-75270Pakistan. Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena Dpt.Pre-historic and Early historic ArcheologyLöbdergraben 24a07743 JenaGermany

In the present work on population status,threats and conservation of the spotted pond turtle;Geoclemys hamiltonii(Gray,1830)(Geoemydidae)was conducted in Thatta,Sujawal and Badin districts of Sindh province of Pakistan.A total number of 277 live specimens of *** from southeast province(Sindh)of Pakistan have been collected from different water bodies and sites in three consecutive year’s i.e *** population status of *** has recorded as decreasing in Sindh due to habitat destruction,eutrophication,agricultural farming and some other anthropogenic *** species is mostly used as pet and the poachers mostly carrying this species for trade in East Asian *** globally illegal trading hubs of this species are Bangkok,Taiwan and Hong *** and powerful actions and efforts are needed to raise awareness of smuggling of wildlife,with a specific need of formal memorandums of understanding(MOUs)are strongly encouraged south Asian and east Asian countries to control illegal trade between the countries and territories along the trade route of Bangladesh,India,Pakistan,Thailand,Hong Kong and Taiwan to improve cross border enforcement.

关键词： Population status Threats Conservation Geoclemys hamiltonii

Design of a Simulation Framework for Evaluation of Robot Vision and Manipulation Algorithms

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Design of a Simulation Framework for Evaluation of Robot Vis...

Antibacterial activities of some selected plant extracts of local herbal medicines in Lahore-Pakistan

Asian Simulation Conference/The 6th International conference on system Simulation and Scientific Computing

作者： Baerbel Mertsching muhammad zaheer Aziz Ralf Stemmer GET Lab University of Paderborn Pohlweg 47-49 33098 Paderborn Germany GET Lab University of Paderborn Pohlweg 47-49 33098 Paderborn Germany GET Lab University of Paderborn Pohlweg 47-49 33098 Paderborn Germany

In continuation of our previous work on simulation of robots in a virtual environment, we propose the next version of the simulation framework according to requirements of our ongoing research on algorithms of robot vision and manipulation. A dynamic 3D environment has been created in which the simulated robot is manipulated. Multiple methods to operate the robot are provided including control by input devices, graphical user interface, and program commands. In the current version, visual sensors comprising of simulated stereo cameras are built on the robot to obtain visual input from the virtual world. The interface to the simulator core is made transparent so that the control could directly be shifted to the real hardware platform when algorithms have been successfully tested. The system is designed to be modular and flexible in order to accommodate future extensions and enhancements, such as inclusion of non-visual sensors.

关键词： Robot Simulator, Virtual Environment, Robot Vision

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2012年第3期21卷 278-282页

作者： Fouzia Noreen Naqi Hussain muhammad zaheer Salma Rahman Applied Chemistry Research Center PCSIR Laboratories ComplexFerozepur RoadLahore 54600Pakistan

The antibacterial activity of methanol and acetone extracts of five plant extracts being utilized for the cure of different ailments in Pakistan was *** extracts of Curcuma zedoaria,Ipomea turpethum,Sphaeranthus indicus,Terminalia chebula and Tricholepis glaberrima were tested against seven different bacterial strains by well diffusion method and microdilution *** pattern of zone of inhibition varied with the plant extracts,the solvent used for extraction and organisms *** extracts(20 mg/mL) were used to evaluate antibacterial *** zone of inhibition exhibited by methanol extracts varied between 11 mm and 32 mm while those of acetone extracts varied between 9 mm and 25 mm *** minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) exhibited by methanol extracts ranged between(18.4-51.1) mg/*** methanolic extracts showed more activity than the acetone extracts against tested organisms except for *** plants were also analyzed for their elemental composition using atomic absorption spectrophotometer to explore natural sources of essential elements that can be utilized for medicinal purposes.

关键词： Minimum inhibitory concentration Minimum bactericidal concentration Elemental composition Atomic absorption spectrophotometer

Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 193-208页

作者： K.muhammad M.SARFRAZ Department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NDSolve in MATHEMATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

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