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Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: As a potential prognostic marker and immunotherapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第13期23卷 2286-2293页

作者： kashif Asghar Asim Farooq Bilal Zulfiqar muhammad Usman Rashid Department of Basic Sciences Research Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences School of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringNational University of Sciences and Technology Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith University

Tumor cells induce an immunosuppressive microen-vironment which leads towards tumor immune escape. Understanding the intricacy of immunomodulation by tumor cells is essential for immunotherapy. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme which mediates tumor immune escape in various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). IDO up-regulation in HCC may lead to recruitment of regulatory T-cells into tumor microenvironment and therefore inhibit local immune responses and promote metastasis. HCC associated fibroblasts stimulate natural killer cells dysfunction through prostaglandin E2 and subsequently IDO promotes favorable condition for tumor metastasis. IDO up-regulation induces immuno-suppression and may enhance the risk of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus induced HCC. Therefore, IDO inhibitors as adjuvant therapeutic agents may have clinical implications in HCC. This review proposes future prospects of IDO not only as a therapeutic target but also as a prognostic marker for HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

Thermal Conductivity of Complex Plasmas Using Novel Evan-Gillan Approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第6期69卷 704-710页

作者： Aamir Shahzad Syed Irfan Haider muhammad kashif muhammad Shahzad Shifa Tariq Munir Mao-Gang He Molecular Modeling and Simulation Laboratory Department of PhysicsGovernment College University Faisalabad(GCUF)Allama Iqbal RoadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Ministry of Education(MOE)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The thermal conductivity of complex fluid materials （dusty plasmas） has been explored through novel Evan-Gillan homogeneous non-equilibrium molecular dynamic （HNEMD） algorithm. The thermal conductivity coefficient obtained from HNEMD is dependent on various plasma parameters （T,k）. The proposed algorithm gives accurate results with fast convergence and small size effect over a wide range of plasma parameters. The cross microscopic heat energy current is discussed in association with variation of temperature （1/Г） and external perturbations （Pz）. The thermal conductivity obtained from HNEMD simulations is found to be very good agreement and more reliable than previously known numerical techniques of equilibrium molecular dynarnic, nonequilibrium molecular dynamic simulations. Our new investigations point to an effective conclusion that the thermal conductivity of complex dusty plasmas is dependent on an extensive range of plasma coupling （P） and screening parameter （k） and it varies by the alteration in these parameters. It is also shown that a different approach is used for computations of thermal conductivity in 2D complex plasmas and can be appropriate method for behaviors of complex systems.

关键词： complex dusty plasma homogenous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics canonical ensemble scaling law thermal conductivity Yukawa liquids

A Real-Time Automatic Translation of Text to Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2471-2488页

作者： muhammad Sanaullah Babar Ahmad muhammad kashif Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan Norshakirah Aziz Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversitiTeknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia

Communication is a basic need of every human being;by this,they can learn,express their feelings and exchange their ideas,but deaf people cannot listen and *** communication,they use various hands gestures,also known as Sign Language(SL),which they learn from special *** normal people have not taken SL classes;therefore,they are unable to perform signs of daily routine sentences(e.g.,what are the specifications of this mobile phone?).A technological solution can facilitate in overcoming this communication gap by which normal people can communicate with deaf *** paper presents an architecture for an application named Sign4PSL that translates the sentences to Pakistan Sign Language(PSL)for deaf people with visual representation using virtual signing *** research aims to develop a generic independent application that is lightweight and reusable on any platform,including web and mobile,with an ability to perform offline text *** Sign4PSL relies on a knowledge base that stores both corpus of PSL Words and their coded form in the notation ***4PSL takes English language text as an input,performs the translation to PSL through sign language notation and displays gestures to the user using virtual *** system is tested on deaf students at a special *** results have shown that the students were able to understand the story presented to them appropriately.

关键词： Sign language sign markup language deaf communication hamburg notations machine translation

Concomitant-chemoradiotherapy-associated oral lesions in patients with oral squamous-cell carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第2期14卷 176-182页

作者： Sadia Minhas muhammad kashif Wasif Altaf Nadeem Afzal Abdul Hanan Nagi Oral Pathology Department Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College Immunology Department University of Health SciencesPunjab Dentistry Department Fauji Foundation Hospital Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology Department University of Health SciencesPunjab

Objective:Oral squamous-cell carcinoma(OSCC)accounts for >90% of oral cancers affecting adults mostly between the fourth to seventh decades of *** most common OSCC treatment is concomitant chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)having both locoregional and distant control,but CCRT has acute and chronic toxic effects on adjacent normal *** study aimed to determine the side effects of CCRT on the oral mucosa and to characterize the clinicopathology of oral lesions in patients with ***:This descriptive,cross-sectional study was certified by the Ethical Review Committee(UHS/Education/126-12/2728)of the University of Health Sciences,Lahore,*** patients(n=81)with various histological subtypes,grades,and stages were recruited,and findings on their oral examination were *** patients received 70,90,and 119 Gy of radiotherapy dosages in combination with the chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and *** were analyzed using SPSS ***:The most common presentation of OSCC was a nonhealing ulcer(63%) involving tongue(55.6%).Clinical findings included mucositis(92.6%)and xerostomia of mild,moderate,and severe degrees in 11.1%,46.9%,and 35.8% cases,***(87.7%),palpable lymph nodes(64.2%),limited mouth opening(64.2%)and fistula(40.7%) were also *** females,the association of radiotherapy dosage with limited mouth opening,xerostomia,and histological grading was statistically significant(P<0.05).The association of chemotherapy drugs with xerostomia(P=0.003)was also statistically ***:CCRT induced mucositis,xerostomia,and trismus in patients with OSCC.

关键词： OSCC CCRT oral lesions xerostomia trismus

Simultaneous removal of Cd(II)and As(III)from co-contaminated aqueous solution byα-FeOOH modified biochar

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 81-92页

作者： Sihang Zhu Ting Qu muhammad kashif Irshad Jianying Shang College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China

A novelα-FeOOH modified wheat straw biochar(α-FeOOH@BC)was developed and the findings of the current study showed thatα-FeOOH@BC is an efficient material for the simultaneous removal of cations(Cd(II))and anions(As(III))from aqueous *** SEM,FTIR,and XRD analysis proved thatα-FeOOH@BC was covered byα-*** the single adsorption system,the maximum adsorption capacities ofα-FeOOH@BC for Cd(II)and As(III)were 62.9 and 78.3 mg/g,*** the dual adsorption system,the maximum adsorption capacities ofα-FeOOH@BC for Cd(II)and As(III)dropped to 39.3 and 67.2 mg/g,*** adsorption capacities of Cd(II)and As(III)byα-FeOOH@BC were much higher by BC andα-FeOOH both in single and dual adsorbate *** adsorption results were well fitted by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetics *** Cd(II)and As(III)co-adsorption onα-FeOOH@BC had a competitive effect,and the dominant adsorption mechanisms were co-precipitation and ion *** study showed thatα-FeOOH@BC could be an effective remediation material for Cd(II)and As(III)co-adsorption from aqueous environment.

关键词： α-FeOOH Biochar Cadmium Arsenic Adsorption mechanisms

Autonomous Parking-Lots Detection with Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Using Machine Deep Learning Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1595-1612页

作者： kashif Iqbal Sagheer Abbas muhammad Adnan Khan Atifa Ather muhammad Saleem Khan Areej Fatima Gulzar Ahmad School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences GC UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Comsats University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan

The rapid development and progress in deep machine-learning techniques have become a key factor in solving the future challenges of ***-based target detection and object classification have been improved due to the development of deep learning *** fusion in autonomous driving is a fact and a prerequisite task of data preprocessing from multi-sensors that provide a precise,well-engineered,and complete detection of objects,scene or *** target of the current study is to develop an in-vehicle information system to prevent or at least mitigate traffic issues related to parking detection and traffic congestion *** this study we examined to solve these problems described by(1)extracting region-of-interest in the images(2)vehicle detection based on instance segmentation,and(3)building deep learning model based on the key features obtained from input parking *** build a deep machine learning algorithm that enables collecting real video-camera feeds from vision sensors and predicting free parking *** augmentation techniques were performed using edge detection,cropping,refined by rotating,thresholding,resizing,or color augment to predict the region of bounding boxes.A deep convolutional neural network F-MTCNN model is proposed that simultaneously capable for compiling,training,validating and testing on parking video frames through *** results of proposed model employing on publicly available PK-Lot parking dataset and the optimized model achieved a relatively higher accuracy 97.6%than previous reported ***,this article presents mathematical and simulation results using state-of-the-art deep learning technologies for smart parking space *** results are verified using Python,TensorFlow,OpenCV computer simulation frameworks.

关键词： Smart parking-lot detection deep convolutional neural network data augmentation region-of-interest object detection

Cache in fog computing design,concepts,contributions,and security issues in machine learning prospective

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1033-1052页

作者： muhammad Ali Naeem Yousaf Bin Zikria Rashid Ali Usman Tariq Yahui Meng Ali kashif Bashir School of Science Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming525000China Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUnited Kingdom Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabadIndia Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon

The massive growth of diversified smart devices and continuous data generation poses a challenge to communication *** deal with this problem,communication networks consider fog computing as one of promising technologies that can improve overall communication *** brings on-demand services proximate to the end devices and delivers the requested data in a short *** computing faces several issues such as latency,bandwidth,and link utilization due to limited resources and the high processing demands of end *** this end,fog caching plays an imperative role in addressing data dissemination *** study provides a comprehensive discussion of fog computing,Internet of Things(IoTs)and the critical issues related to data security and dissemination in fog ***,we determine the fog-based caching schemes and contribute to deal with the existing issues of fog ***,this paper presents a number of caching schemes with their contributions,benefits,and challenges to overcome the problems and limitations of fog *** also identify machine learning-based approaches for cache security and management in fog computing,as well as several prospective future research directions in caching,fog computing,and machine learning.

关键词： Internet of things Cloud computing Fog computing Caching Latency

Clastogenic ROS and biophotonics in precancerous diagnosis

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第2期13卷 103-122页

作者： muhammad Naveed Mohammad Raees Irfan Liaqat Mohammad kashif Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences University Central Punjab Lahore 54000 Pakistan Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Gujrat Pakistan 50700 Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The application of biophotonics for diagnosing precancerous lesions is a major breakthrough in oncology and is associated with the expression of clastogenic bio-markers, such as reactive oxygen species （ROS）, namely, superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and lipid peroxidation products. These ROS are the major sources of ultra-weak biophotons emission; in addition, biophotons are emitted from other biomolecules, which are not associated with ROS. The precancerous phase is diagnosed on the basis ofbiophoton emission from biomarkers. The type of biophotons emitted depends on the structure of the clastogenic ROS. METHODS： ROS-based emission of ultra-weak photons can be detected using charge coupled device （CCD） cameras and photomultiplier tubes. Furthermore, spectroscopic and microscopic analysis can yield more advanced and definite results. RESULTS： The frequency and intensity of biophoton emission associated with each ROS provides information regarding the precancerous phase. Previous have attempted to show an association between precancerous growth and biophoton emission; however, their results were not conclusive. In this review, we have addressed multiple aspects of the molecular environment, especially light- matter interactions, to derive a successful theoretical relationship which may have the ability to diaganose the tumor at precancerous stage and to give the solutions of previous failures. This can be a major quantum leap toward precancerous diagnosis therapy. CONCLUSION： Biophotonics provides an advanced framework, for easily diagnosing cancer at its preliminary stage. The relationship between biophotons, clastogenic factors, and biochemical reactions in the cellular microenvironment can be understood successfully. The advancement in precancerous diagnosis will improve human health worldwide. The versatility of biophotonics can be used further for novel applications in bi

关键词： biophotons CCD camera molecular environment oncology precancerous photomultiplier ROS

Energy Management System Design and Testing for Smart Buildings Under Uncertain Generation (Wind/Photovoltaic) and Demand

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第3期23卷 254-265页

作者： Syed Furqan rafique Jianhua Zhang muhammad Hanan Waseem Aslam Atiq Ur Rehman Zmarrak Wali Khan Department of Electricaland Electronics Engineering North China ElectricPower University Beijing 102206 China.

This study provides details of the energy management architecture used in the Goldwind microgrid test bed. A complete mathematical model, including all constraints and objectives, for microgrid operational management is first described using a modified prediction interval scheme. Forecasting results are then achieved every 10 min using the modified fuzzy prediction interval model, which is trained by particle swarm optimization.A scenario set is also generated using an unserved power profile and coverage grades of forecasting to compare the feasibility of the proposed method with that of the deterministic approach. The worst case operating points are achieved by the scenario with the maximum transaction cost. In summary, selection of the maximum transaction operating point from all the scenarios provides a cushion against uncertainties in renewable generation and load demand.

关键词： microgrid economic optimization generation forecast load forecast energy management system fuzzy prediction interval heuristic optimization