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Knee Osteoarthritis Classification Using X-Ray Images Based on Optimal Deep Neural Network

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2397-2415页

作者： Abdul Haseeb muhammad Attique Khan Faheem Shehzad Majed Alhaisoni junaid Ali Khan Taerang Kim Jae-Hyuk Cha Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Computer Sciences Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

X-Ray knee imaging is widely used to detect knee osteoarthritis due to ease of availability and lesser ***,the manual categorization of knee joint disorders is time-consuming,requires an expert person,and is *** article proposes a new approach to classifying knee osteoarthritis using deep learning and a whale optimization *** pre-trained deep learning models(Efficientnet-b0 and Densenet201)have been employed for the training and feature *** transfer learning with fixed hyperparameter values has been employed to train both selected models on the knee X-Ray *** the next step,fusion is performed using a canonical correlation approach and obtained a feature vector that has more information than the original feature *** that,an improved whale optimization algorithm is developed for dimensionality *** selected features are finally passed to the machine learning algorithms such as Fine-Tuned support vector machine(SVM)and neural networks for classification *** experiments of the proposed framework have been conducted on the publicly available dataset and obtained the maximum accuracy of 90.1%.Also,the system is explained using Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)technique called occlusion,and results are compared with recent *** on the results compared with recent techniques,it is shown that the proposed method’s accuracy significantly improved.

关键词： Knee joints magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) deep learning fusion optimization neural network

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Paediatric-appropriate facilities in emergencydepartments of community hospitals in Ontario：A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第4期8卷 264-268页

作者： muhammad Akhter Hamid Sohaib Siddiqui Jabeen Fayyaz Ayesha Chandna Aliya Ariz Joe Butchey Elancheliyan Ambalavanar Niraj Mistry Aftab muhammad Azad junaid A. Bhatti Dennis Scolnik Scarborough and Rouge Hospital Toronto Canada University of Toronto Department of Paediatrics Toronto Canada Sickkids Hospital Toronto Canada Saskatchewan Cancer Agency Regina Canada Hamilton Health Sciences Centre Hamilton Canada Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada

BACKGROUND: We assessed whether the paediatric-appropriate facilities were available at Emergency Departments(ED) in community hospitals in a Canadian ***: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of EDs in community hospitals in Ontario, Canada that had inpatient paediatric facilities and a neonatal intensive care unit. Key informants were ED chiefs, clinical educators, or managers. The survey included questions about paediatric facilities related to environment, triage, training, and staff in ***: Of 52 hospitals, 69%(n=36) responded to our survey. Of them, 14% EDs(n=5) had some separated spaces available for paediatric patients. About 53%(n=19) of EDs lacked children activities, e.g., toys. Only 11%(n=4) EDs were using paediatric triage scales and 42%(n=15) had a designated paediatric resuscitation bay. Only half of the ED(n=18) required from their staff to update paediatric life support training. Only 31%(n=11) had a designated liaison paediatrician for the ED. Paediatric social worker was present in only 8%(n=3) of EDs in community ***: Most of the Ontario community hospital EDs included in this survey had inadequate facilities for paediatric patients such as specific waiting and treatment areas.

关键词： Child-friendly Environment, Survey Triage Waiting area

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Purification and characterization of the kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from wheat straw by Trichoderma viride under SSF and its detergent compatibility

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第3期2卷 149-156页

作者： Hafiz muhammad Nasir Iqbal Ishtiaq Ahmed muhammad anjum Zia muhammad Irfan 不详

This paper reports the purification and characterization of kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from Trichoderma viride under still culture solid state fermentation technique using cheap and an easily available agricultural waste material, wheat straw as growth supported substrate. Trichoderma viride was cultured in fermentation medium of wheat straw under some previously optimized growth conditions and maximum activity of 398±2.43U/mL obtained after stipulated fermentation time period. Cellulase was purified 2.33 fold with specific activity of 105U/mg in comparison to crude enzyme extract using ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and Sephadex-G-100 column chromatography. The enzyme was shown to have a relative low molecular weight of 58kDa by sodium dodecyl sulphate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme displayed 6.5 and 55oC as an optimum pH and temperature respectively. Using carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, the enzyme showed maximum activity (Vmax) of 148U/mL with its corresponding KM value of 68μM. Among activators/inhibitors SDS, EDTA, and Hg2+ showed inhibitory effect on purified cellulase whereas, the enzyme activated by Co2+ and Mn2+ at a concentration of 1mM. The purified cellulase was compatible with four local detergent brands with up to 20 days of shelf life at room temperature suggesting its potential as a detergent additive for improved washing therefore, it is concluded that it may be potentially useful for industrial purposes especially for detergent and laundry industry.

关键词： Cellulase Trichoderma viride Purification SDS-PAGE Characterization Detergent Compatibility

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工艺系统安装方位对铣削偏心的影响实验研究

工艺系统安装方位对铣削偏心的影响实验研究

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作者： muhammad junaid Saeed 广东海洋大学

学位级别：硕士

偏心是对工件表面光洁度、加工尺寸精度和刀具寿命等产生不利影响的几个关键因素之一。偏心的定义为偏离中心轨迹,在切削过程中的偏心定义为主轴、刀柄和刀具的旋转轴不是其中心线,而是中心线的平行线,偏心是由主轴、刀柄、刀具的装夹... 详细信息

偏心是对工件表面光洁度、加工尺寸精度和刀具寿命等产生不利影响的几个关键因素之一。偏心的定义为偏离中心轨迹,在切削过程中的偏心定义为主轴、刀柄和刀具的旋转轴不是其中心线,而是中心线的平行线,偏心是由主轴、刀柄、刀具的装夹偏差和几何外形缺陷引起的。偏心误差由两个几何参数偏移幅度矢量e和角位置矢量λ组成。在切削参数较大时,较小的偏移值引起的后果可能不显著,而在切削参数较小时,它可能会导致切屑量、铣削力等的周期性偏差。其他研究只显示了偏心对切削力等因素的许多不利影响,而本研究目标在于减少铣刀刀刃上的最终偏心误差,并揭示不同的主轴、刀柄、刀具的安装方位影响其外形轮廓和中心轴线的方式。这一问题的解决非常重要,因为偏心率与切削力成正比,过大的切削力会导致整个加工系统的变形,并产生意外的缺陷部件,因此开展了旨在不消除但减少这一误差的研究工作。本论文的主要研究工作为:(1)在CNC立式铣削加工中心上进行了大量测量实验。采用在轴向分层的方法,使用Swiss SYLVAC千分表测量了主轴、刀柄、刀具的各种装夹方位组合下每层的几何缺陷,分析得到各层的几何偏差,再组合这些几何偏差,发现在各种装夹方位组合下的中心轴线是条曲线,而不是一条直线。采用拟合的方法将这些曲线拟合成一条直线,从而绘出主轴、刀柄、刀具的外形面,这些外形面表示各加工工艺系统零件的外形状态。(2)为了更好地证明不同安装方位将影响偏心这一问题,对不同直径,不同切削刃和不同材料的其他五把铣刀应用了与研究工作(1)相同的测量和分析过程。绘出了各种装夹方位组合下最高层和最低层的偏心值,以显示两者的偏差,从而揭示安装方位影响偏心的显著性。(3)为了检查不同装夹方向对切削力和切削表面粗糙度的影响,并且得到引起的偏心误差、切削力和表面粗糙度最小的一种装夹方向组合,在数控铣削加工中心上用三把铣刀进行了不同装夹方向组合的24次直线切削,用北京航空航天大学制造的测力仪(SDC-C4F型)测量了切削力,并用MarSurf PS1粗糙度测量仪测量了切削表面粗糙度。对时域切削力信号采用了切比雪夫滤波器滤波,计算了各次实验的平均力,采用图形的方式比较不同装夹方向组合的切削力和加工表面粗糙度差异。本论文的研究结果和结论如下:(1)在#1刀具的某种装夹方位组合下切削刃的偏心量仅有约0.019 mm,而在另一种装夹方位组合下切削刃的偏心量达到约0.063 mm,后者约是前者的3倍,这表明安装方位高度影响偏心量。采用其他刀具时的测量结果也支持这一结论。(2)某种安装方位组合下平均切削力仅有约70.649 N,而在同样的切削工况下,另一种安装方位组合下的平均切削力可达-377.239 N,两者差异-447.888 N,差异非常显著。切削力周期性变化,在某种安装方位组合下某个刀齿的切削力最大,而在另一种安装方位组合下另一个刀齿的切削力最大。这些实验结果表明安装方位组合高度影响切削力。(3)#7刀具切削的加工表面粗糙度结果显示:第7号安装方位组合下的表面粗糙度值约为0.50 um,而第8号安装方位组合下的表面粗糙度值约为2.93 um,两者差异2.43um。这些组合下仅有铣刀的安装方位不同。表面粗糙度值的巨大差异表明安装方位组合高度影响加工表面粗糙度。

关键词：工艺系统安装方位误差偏心

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新型集中式太阳能发电系统的研究

新型集中式太阳能发电系统的研究

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作者： muhammad AQEEL anjum 东南大学

学位级别：硕士

聚光太阳能发电（CSP）技术能够同时满足热能和电能的需求。在不影响环境的前提下实现有机朗肯循环（ORC）系统要求的入口温度是个值得研究的问题。本研究的主要目的是利用有机流体及不同的控制策略通过模拟来控制系统,以获得最大的热... 详细信息

聚光太阳能发电（CSP）技术能够同时满足热能和电能的需求。在不影响环境的前提下实现有机朗肯循环（ORC）系统要求的入口温度是个值得研究的问题。本研究的主要目的是利用有机流体及不同的控制策略通过模拟来控制系统,以获得最大的热效率。热油已被广泛用于具有正温度系数热敏电阻（PTC）的太阳能热电厂。然而,热油具有工作温度的限制,且对环境有污染,因此需要使用替代工作流体。此外,本文还着重介绍了基于PTC的CSP技术的强化传热方法的最新进展。本文主要进行了以下的研究工作:1)本文设计了用于有机朗肯循环的聚光太阳能发电系统。该系统旨在通过新颖的设计控制不同条件下的有机朗肯循环。在该系统中,我们可以在不同的工况中如正常流量,旁通流量,以及在没有阳光的情况下使用辅助锅炉中的换热流体。该系统是有机朗肯循环系统的一部分,容量为100 kWt和100 kWe。本文中只研究了8个带有4米流体管的抛物面集热器。假设therminol-66 HTF适用于该系统。2)本文考虑了使用有机流体对抛物面集热器从太阳射线中吸收热量的影响。Autodesk Inventor软件用于为所选系统创建三维模型,并使用ANSYS软件进行热分析。利用ANSYS软件计算了该系统的平均太阳辐照度,结果为718 W/m。初始温度为80℃时供Therminol-66。昆明作为云南省的省会,也是中国西南地区最大的城市,于6月18日12:18被选定。利用这些数据作为ANSYS软件的输入,对运行1小时后的有机流体传热进行模拟,结果如下。仿真结果如下:利用ANSYS对系统进行了模拟,得到了系统的仿真结果。1)质量流量为0.0694 g/s运行时,1 h内有机流体温度升高115℃。2)辐射热量通过玻璃和真空层转移到流体表面,真空层功率损失,因此管表面的值上升到729 W/m。3)通过导热将热量传到流体,温度在1 h内上升了115℃。考虑到系统将由3个具有相同几何形状的抛物线接收器串联而成,温度值在可接受范围内。在整个系统中,可以认为therminol-66从3个串联抛物型集热器系统的出口温度将在250℃左右,该温度适合有机朗肯循环的温度要求,并将提供较高的系统效率。

关键词： CSP系统控制策略热流密度 ANSYS

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Tocilizumab in severe COVID-19-A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第2期1卷 88-94页

作者： muhammad Irfan Malik Sardar Al Fareed Zafar Fabiha Qayyum Muna Malik muhammad Sohaib Asghar muhammad junaid Tahir Ammarah Arshad Fatima Khalil Hafiza Shafia Naz Mudassar Aslam Jodat Saleem Abdul Aziz Mustafa Usman Azhar muhammad Naqash Zohaib Yousaf Postgraduate Medical Institute LahorePakistan Lahore General Hospital LahorePakistan Ameer-ud-Din Medical College LahorePakistan Dow University of Health Sciences-Ojha Campus KarachiPakistan Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar KhanPakistan Hamad Medical Corporation DohaQatar

Background:The therapeutic effectiveness of interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor in critically ill hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is ***:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the outcome as recovery or death of tocilizumab for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,we conducted a randomized,double-blinded,placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in critically ill COVID-19 adult *** patients were randomly assigned in a 4:1 ratio to receive standard medical treatment plus the recommended dose of either tocilizumab or the placebo *** was *** primary outcome was the recovery or death after administration of tocilizumab or a placebo *** secondary outcomes were clinical recovery or worsening of the patients’symptoms and inflammatory markers and discharge from the ***:Of 190 patients included in this study,152 received tocilizumab,and 38 received a *** duration of hospital stay of the interventional group was 12.9±9.2,while the placebo group had a more extended hospital stay(15.6±8.8).The mortality ratio for the primary outcome,ie,mortality or recovery in the tocilizumab group was 17.8%;p=0.58 by log-rank test).The mortality ratio in the placebo group was 76.3%;p=0.32 by log-rank test).The inflammatory markers in the tocilizumab group significantly declined by day 16 compared to the placebo ***:The use of tocilizumab was associated with decreased mortality,earlier improvement of inflamma-tory markers,and reduced hospital stay in patients with severe COVID-19.

关键词： Inflammatory Infectious Immunosuppression COVID-19 Therapy Trial

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蝎虎天体能谱曲率与其伽马射线辐射亮度的关系

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天文学进展 2021年第1期39卷 82-93页

作者： muhammad Shahzad anjum 陈亮顾敏峰中国科学院上海天文台星系和宇宙学重点实验室上海200030 中国科学院大学北京100049

银河系外的伽马射线辐射源主要是耀变体,对其研究有助于揭示活动星系核喷流物理、高能宇宙线起源甚至宇宙演化等。研究了为什么有些蝎虎天体有强的伽马射线辐射,而有些却没有。选了170个有多普勒因子和能谱曲率测量的蝎虎天体,并把它们... 详细信息

银河系外的伽马射线辐射源主要是耀变体,对其研究有助于揭示活动星系核喷流物理、高能宇宙线起源甚至宇宙演化等。研究了为什么有些蝎虎天体有强的伽马射线辐射,而有些却没有。选了170个有多普勒因子和能谱曲率测量的蝎虎天体,并把它们分成被费米LAT探测到的和未被费米LAT探测到的两类。研究发现这两类源的多波段能谱曲率有显著区别,即费米LAT探测到的源的曲率明显小于未被费米LAT探测到的源;即使扣除了多普勒因子的影响,结果也相近。蝎虎天体PKS 0048-09和S50716+714有着相似的同步辐射光度但却不同的伽马射线光度。基于同步自康普顿模型,再结合二次曲线电子谱可以很好地拟合它们的多波段能谱,并发现拟合的曲率和辐射区尺度不同但却成正比。PKS 0048-09可能有一个更致密的喷流,从而产生了更大康普顿因子。结果表明,给定同步辐射光度,能谱曲率和康普顿因子对于能否被Fermi伽马射线卫星探测到非常重要;讨论了这一结果对粒子统计加速和辐射机制的限制。

关键词：活动星系核 BL Lac天体辐射机制非热辐射

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基于网丝传感器的燃料组件间两相流测量系统

基于网丝传感器的燃料组件间两相流测量系统

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作者： muhammad Naveed anjum 华北电力大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

两相流存在于大多数热工流体环境中,在核电站燃料组件间热力水力工程实验中的气液两相流测量有重要意义。网丝传感器在采集分辨率和采集速度上比电阻式,超声波式传感器更有优势。压水堆燃料组件热工水力实验中的气液两相流的测量有对于... 详细信息

两相流存在于大多数热工流体环境中,在核电站燃料组件间热力水力工程实验中的气液两相流测量有重要意义。网丝传感器在采集分辨率和采集速度上比电阻式,超声波式传感器更有优势。压水堆燃料组件热工水力实验中的气液两相流的测量有对于研究特定工况下棒间流动特性、包壳传热特性均有重要意义。传统的两相流测量手段应用于燃料组件棒间空泡份额和气泡速度分布测量时,存在测量空间分辨率不够,或测量成本过高的局限性。针对上述问题,论文开展了适合燃料组件两相流测量的网丝传感器的研制,包括激励电路和接收电路设计、数据采集程序和图像重构程序、燃料组件模拟实验段设计等。与传统的网丝传感器不同的是,该设计同时将燃料棒本体作为激励电极,进一步提高了测量的空间分辨率。为了测试和验证所设计的网丝传感器,设计并制造了模拟燃料组件实验台架。通过安装了棒束的矩形实验段中产生上升气泡,模拟燃料组件间的两相流环境。在本课题中,电路设计是最重要的部分。电路设计得到改进。设计的电路在功率、成本和复杂度方面进行了优化。该控制是使用微控制器执行的,没有使用任何移位寄存器或多路复用器。电路简单,响应时间快,噪声低。

关键词：气液两相流网丝传感器电路设计燃料组件

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Validity of the patient health questionnaires(phq-2 and phq-9)for screening depression among human immunodeficiency virus patients in Lahore,Pakistan

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World Journal of Virology 2022年第5期11卷 341-351页

作者： Khunsa junaid Iqra Akram muhammad Daood Amjad Khan Department of Community Medicine King Edward Medical UniversityLahore 54000Punjab ProvincePakistan Department of Pulmonology General HospitalLahore 54000Punjab ProvincePakistan Department of Public Health and Nutrition the University of HaripurHaripur 22781Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan

BACKGROUND Many human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected patients suffer from depression,but a little focus is given to detecting and treating depression in primary health *** of depression can be improved by introducing short,reliable,and valid screening *** To determine the psychometric properties of the patient health questionnaire-2(PHQ-2)and patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)for depression screening and diagnosis,and the sensitivity and specificity of the PHQ-2 in HIV infected *** A cross-sectional study was conducted on 158 HIV-infected patients aged 18 years and above in Lahore,***-2 was implemented to screen ***-9 was implemented to diagnose major depressive disorder as a reference ***,Validity tests and receiver operating characteristic curve were *** The Cronbach's alpha of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 were 0.732 and 0.759,*** study results showed that the score of 2 on PHQ-2 indicates the highest Youden's index of 0.924,with both sensitivity and specificity of 0.96,and the area under the curve for PHQ-2 was 0.98(95%CI:0.953-0.998).CONCLUSION Good psychometric properties for the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 indicated their significant potential as tools for depression screening and diagnosis in the HIV-infected population.

关键词： Depression Validity Patient health questionnaire-9 Patient health questionnaire-2 HIV/AIDS Lahore Pakistan

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Quality of Life after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2018年第4期7卷 189-198页

作者： Sadaf Qadeer Shabbir Akhtar Montasir junaid muhammad Sohail Halim Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences Karachi Pakistan Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Aga Khan University & Hospital Karachi Pakistan Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region Khamis Mushayt KSA Stanford University Palo Alto USA

Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a group of disorders characterized by the inflammation of mucosa of the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses. It includes chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps, CRS without polyps and Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS). This debilitating disease causes negative impact on quality of life (QOL) of patients. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is the mainstay of surgical treatment for patients and improves QOL of patients. This subjective assessment of QOL can be measured by disease specific questionnaires. SNOT-22 questionnaire is widely used and validated questionnaire for this purpose. Prospective study was done on 54 patients. Data were collected using SNOT-22 questionnaire and filled in pre-operative period then in post-operative follow-up visits on 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months. Paired sample t-test was used to compare pre-operative and post-operative SNOT scores and multivariate generalized linear model was used to estimate regression parameters for SNOT scores in CRS with polyp and AFS in comparison of CRS without polyps. Out of 54 patients, 59.3% were males, mean age was 35.98, 29.6% were in CRS without polyp group, 44.4% and 25.9% were in CRS with polyps and AFS group. Recurrence occurred in 7.4%, revision surgery required in 3.7% while 22.2% had history of asthma. Paired sample t-test showed statistical significant reduction in post-operative SNOT scores. Linear model results showed SNOT scores in CRS with polyp group was significantly reduced. Thus FESS provides significant improvement in QOL of patients in chronic rhinosinusitis.

关键词： Quality of Life Chronic Rhinosinusitis Surgery

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