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Monitoring the diversity of malaria and dengue vector in Karachi:studying variation of genera and subgenera of mosquitoes under different ecological conditions

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Ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 116-124页

作者： Saima Shaikh Syed Jamil H Kazmi Salman qureshi Department of Geography University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Geography(Landscape Ecology) Humboldt University of BerlinRudower Chaussee 16Berlin 12489Germany School of Architecture Birmingham City UniversityThe Parkside Building5 Cardigan StreetBirmingham B47BDUK

Introduction:Karachi,a city of unique terrain and moderate tropical climate,is home to several mosquito *** geographical distribution and density of these species may vary within the city,owing to their interaction with an ever-increasing population and urban *** a consequence,the prevalence of vector-borne diseases is unpredictable within the geographical limits of Karachi *** this spatiotemporal study,1,156 mosquito samples were collected from 50 study sites with unique ecological characteristics within the city and a taxonomical exercise was conducted to investigate different vector species thriving in different months and seasons of the *** main genera of mosquitoes were identified and categorized using a pictorial key based on the standard guidelines of the Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit,substantiated with ancillary ***:Three important genera were found in Karachi:Anopheles,Aedes and *** subgenera were subsequently identified,based on their susceptibility to major vector-borne *** had the highest concentration of adult mosquitoes,as the colder weather conditions were suitable for *** recorded the lowest number,owing to excessively hot weather when most of the breeding pockets had dried out;less vegetation(in pre-monsoon conditions)prevented mosquito ***:Slum areas showed an abundance of malaria and dengue vectors,owing to poor hygiene conditions caused by open sewage ***,a major precaution is to raise awareness among people about mosquito-borne *** breeding habitats of these vectors should be studied using geospatial technologies to improve spatial and temporal coverage.

关键词： landscape ecology mosquito species spatial epidemiology spatial variation urban ecology urban habitat vector-borne diseases

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Enhancement of solubility and therapeutic potential of poorly soluble lovastatin by SMEDDS formulation adsorbed on directly compressed spray dried magnesium aluminometasilicate liquid loadable tablets: A study in diet induced hyperlipidemic rabbits

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第1期10卷 40-56页

作者： Mohd Javed qureshi Chitneni Mallikarjun Wong Gan Kian Department of Pharmaceutical Technology School of PharmacyTaylors UniversityLakeside CampusSelangorMalaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia

The aim of present study was to formulate and evaluate a self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems(SMEDDS)containing lovastatin and to further explore the ability of porous Neusilin■ US2 tablet as a solid carrier for *** formulations of varying proportions of peceol,cremophor RH 40 and transcutol-P were selected and subjected to invitro evaluation,including dispersibility studies,droplet size,zeta potential measurement and release *** results indicated that the drug release profile of lovastatin from SMEDDS formulations was statistically significantly higher(p-value<0.05)than the plain lovastatin *** stability studies also confirmed the stability of the prepared SMEDDS *** optimized formulation,which consists of 12% of peceol,44% of cremophor RH 40,and 44% of transcutol-P was loaded into directly compressed liquid loadable tablet of Neusilin■ US2 by simple adsorption *** order to determine the ability of Neusilin®US2 as a suitable carrier pharmacodynamics study were also carried out in healthy diet induced hyperlipidemic *** were administered with both liquid SMEDDS and solid SMEDDS as *** the results obtained,Neusilin■ was found to be a suitable carrier for SMEDDS and was equally effective in reducing the elevated lipid *** conclusion,liquid loadable tablet(LLT)is predicted to be a promising technique to deliver a liquid formulation in solid state.

关键词： Lovastatin Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system(SMEDDS) Neusilin■US2 Liquid loadable tablet Solid carrier system Pharmacodynamics studies

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Bioprospecting plants for natural antioxidants:An overview

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第10期4卷 824-832页

作者： Huma qureshi muhammad Arshad Wajiha Seerat Faryal Kabir Sammer Fatima Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Department of Botany University of GujratHafiz Hayat CampusGujrat 50800Pakistan

Reactive oxygen species damage cellular proteins and lipids or form DNA adducts when present in high concentration that promotes carcinogenic *** have been the primary therapy for such ailments since ancient *** paper reviews some medicinal plants having antioxidant activities useful for healing cancer,cardiovascular diseases and neuro-protection.A brief overview of the use of medicinal plants and their main constituents effective against reactive oxygen species-based diseases are *** overview will attract the interest of investigators aiming at the design of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of various reactive oxygen species-based conditions.

关键词： Medicinal plants Anticancer Neuroprotective Cardioprotectant

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Urban Transport and Sustainable Transport Strategies： A Case Study of Karachi, Pakistan

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2007年第3期12卷 309-317页

作者： Intikhab Ahmed qureshi 陆化普 Institute of Transportation Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The uncontrolled growth in urbanization and motorization generally contributes to an urban land use and transportation system that is socially, economically, and environmentally unsustainable. This paper uses Karachi as a case study, which is the largest urban and economic centre of Pakistan, passing through an uncontrolled phase of rapid urbanization and motorization. The paper first reviews research related to sustainable transportation systems to comprehend the concept of sustainable development and transportation. The paper then evaluates the existing transportation and infrastructure system, national transportation policies, and urban transportation projects to determine if the current paradigm is moving toward or away from sustainable transportation. Furthermore, the principles for sustainable urban transportation are developed to see what significance national transportation policies have given to urban transportation from a sustainable transportation point of view. Finally some strategies are suggested, adoption of which may lead to a sustainable urban development and transportation system in Karachi.

关键词： sustainable development urbanization motorization socio-economic integrated land use and urban transportation system

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Use of Decision Theory to Predict Dust Storms over New Delhi, India

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Natural Science 2014年第8期6卷 574-582页

作者： Nirmala D. Desouza Rajnish Kurchania muhammad S. qureshi Department of Physics Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal India

The north and northwest parts of India experience dust/sandstorms during the pre-monsoon season (April to May). We studied dust storms occurring over New Delhi, India (2001 to 2012) to develop a probabilistic forecast method. A probabilistic forecast method is discussed in this paper as a decision making tool that can be used to meet the needs of the users. The application of decision theory to forecast an event is that the end user of the forecast takes a decision for action on the basis of each forecast. This study stems from an elementary decision theory based on three interlocking procedures to follow viz. 1) identification of meteorological parameters responsible for dust storms, 2) determining the impact of each meteorological parameter in the initiation of a dust storm and 3) finally using the first two steps an action is recommended. Among the meteorological parameters, temperature, wind speed, pressure, number of sunny hours and evaporation had a positive impact on dust storm occurrence as compared to other variables selected. Using the concept of utility, which is an integral part of decision theory, a decision matrix is constructed. This decision matrix contains the threshold value above which a dust storm has occurred followed by each state of weather and the course of action. Thus, in this paper, a different concept of forecasting is discussed and optional rules for decision making based on the availability of a limited amount of meteorological data are presented. This forecast is of the very short range (0 - 3 hours) based on the meteorological conditions just prior to the occurrence of a dust event. We validated our findings with the OMI Aerosol index obtained from AERONET.

关键词： Aerosol Index Decision Matrix Impact Factor Meteorological Parameters Probabilistic Forecast

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A Model for Periodic Nonlinear Electric Field Structures in Space Plasmas

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第7期52卷 149-154页

作者： M.N.S. qureshi SHI Jian-Kui LIU Zhen-Xing Department of Physics GC University Lahore 54000 Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Space Weather CSSAR Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

In this study,we present a physical model to explain the generation mechanism of nonlinear periodic waveswith a large amplitude electric field structures propagating obliquely and exactly parallel to the magnetic ***'Sagdeev potential' from the MHD equations is derived and the nonlinear electric field waveforms are obtained when theMach number,direction of propagation,and the initial electric field satisfy certain plasma *** the parallelpropagation,the amplitude of the electric field waves with ion-acoustic mode increases with the increase of initial electricfield and Mach number but its frequency decreases with the increase of Mach *** amplitude and frequency ofthe electric field waves with ion-cyclotron mode decrease with the increase of Mach number and become less spiky,andits amplitude increases with the increase of initial electric *** the oblique propagation,only periodic electric fieldwave with an ion-cyclotron mode obtained,its amplitude and frequency increase with the increase of Mach number andbecome *** our model the electric field structures show periodic,spiky,and saw-tooth behaviours correspondingto different plasma conditions.

关键词： nonlinear waves electric field solitary structures

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Galerkin Finite Element Study on the Effects of Variable Thermal Conductivity and Variable Mass Diffusion Conductance on Heat and Mass Transfer

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第7期69卷 49-59页

作者： Imran Haider qureshi M.Nawaz Shafia Rana T.Zubair Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Space and TechnologyIslamabad

This article investigates the effects of variable thermal conductivity and variable mass diffusion coefficient on the transport of heat and mass in the flow of Casson fluid. Numerical simulations for two-dimensional flow induced by stretching surface are performed by using Galerkin finite element method(GFEM) with linear shape functions. After assembly process, nonlinear algebraic equations are linearized through Picard method and resulting linear system is solved iteratively using Gauss Seidal method with simulation tolerance 10^(-8). Maximum value of independent variableη is searched through numerical experiments. Grid independent study was carried out and error analysis is *** results are validated by comparing with already published results. Parametric study is carried out to explore the physics of the flow. The concentration increases when mass diffusion coefficient is increased. The concentration and thermal boundary layer thicknesses increase when ?_1 and ? are increased. The effect of generative chemical reaction on concentration is opposite to the effect of destructive chemical reaction on the concentration.

关键词： variable diffusion coefficients grid independent study convergence error analysis Nusselt num-ber Casson fluid Joule heating viscous dissipation

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The effect of positive/negative ion on the dust grain charging process in a Vasyliunas-Cairns (VC)-distributed dusty plasma system

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第6期21卷 58-62页

作者： N AHMAD A A ABID Y AL-HADEETHI M N S qureshi Saqib REHMAN Department of Engineering and Applied Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment Department of Geophysics and Planetary ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences King Abdulaziz Unniversity Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Physics GC University Lahore 54000 Pakistan Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People's Republic of China

Charging mechanism of dust particles has been considered as a growing research area in dusty plasma physics because of its exciting *** this paper,we consider a low-temperature non-equilibrium multispecies plasma model,which consists of Vasyliunas-Caims (VC) distributed electrons,negative/positive streaming ions,and negatively-charged dust grains to explain the charging mechanism of dust *** main theme of this work is to derive expressions of currents for negatively-charged dust grains (considering an equilibrium state position) in the plasma environment comprised of electrons and positive/negative streaming ions using the VC distribution *** proposed model shows that the dust grain surface potential is significantly affected by different plasma parameters such as the negative ion streaming velocity (Sn),positive ion streaming velocity (Si),spectral indices of VC distribution,negative ion charging state (Zn),positive ion charging state (Zi),and negative ion number density (ρ).

关键词： dust grain surface potential vasyliunas-cairns power law velocity distribution function multi species plasma

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Acute optic neuritis: a clinical paradigm for evaluation of neuroprotective and restorative strategies?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1599-1601页

作者： Sara S.qureshi Elliot M.Frohman Department of Neurology University of Texas Southwestern School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern School of Medicine

What makes the acute optic neuritis model unique in an era of trials for neuroprotective and myelin repair agents？Acute optic neuritis（AON）is a common,and often the earliest manifestation of central nervous system... 详细信息

关键词： RNFL a clinical paradigm for evaluation of neuroprotective and restorative strategies VEP

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Stability analysis of a discrete biological model

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第2期9卷 65-83页

作者： A. Q. Khan M. N. qureshi Department of MathematicsUniversity of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad 13100 Pakistan

In this paper, we investigate the equilibrium point, local and global behavior of the unique positive equilibrium point, and rate of convergence of positive solutions of following discrete biological model： Xn＋1=Xne^ln（α）（1-Yn）,Yn＋1=（γδ-1）Yn（1＋1/γδ-1-Yn/Xn）, where parameters α,γ,δ and the initial conditions Xo, ]Io are positive real numbers. Some numerical examples are given to verify theoretical results.

关键词： Discrete biological model local stability global character rate of convergence.

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