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Lung Cancer Detection Using Modified AlexNet Architecture and Support Vector Machine

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 2039-2054页

作者： Iftikhar Naseer Tehreem Masood Sheeraz Akram Arfan Jaffar muhammad Rashid muhammad amjad iqbal Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad45000Pakistan Faculty of IT University of Central PunjabLahore54100Pakistan

Lung cancer is the most dangerous and death-causing disease indicated by the presence of pulmonary nodules in the *** is mostly caused by the instinctive growth of cells in the *** nodule detection has a significant role in detecting and screening lung cancer in Computed tomography(CT)scan *** detection plays an important role in the survival rate and treatment of lung cancer ***,pulmonary nodule classification techniques based on the convolutional neural network can be used for the accurate and efficient detection of lung *** work proposed an automatic nodule detection method in CT images based on modified AlexNet architecture and Support vector machine(SVM)algorithm namely *** proposed model consists of seven convolutional layers,three pooling layers,and two fully connected layers used to extract *** vector machine classifier is applied for the binary classification of nodules into benign *** experimental analysis is performed by using the publicly available benchmark dataset Lung nodule analysis 2016(LUNA16).The proposed model has achieved 97.64%of accuracy,96.37%of sensitivity,and 99.08%of specificity.A comparative analysis has been carried out between the proposed LungNet-SVM model and existing stateof-the-art approaches for the classification of lung *** experimental results indicate that the proposed LungNet-SVM model achieved remarkable performance on a LUNA16 dataset in terms of accuracy.

关键词： Lung cancer alexnet luna16 computed tomography support vector machine

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Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 193-208页

作者： K.muhammad M.SARFRAZ Department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NDSolve in MATHEMATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

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Design of a Five-Band Dual-Port Rectenna for RF Energy Harvesting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 487-501页

作者： Surajo muhammad Jun Jiat Tiang Sew Kin Wong Jamel Nebhen amjad iqbal Centre for Wireless Technology Faculty of EngineeringMultimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia College of Computer Science and Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia

This paper proposed the design of a dual-port rectifier with multifrequency *** RF rectifier is achieved using a combination of L-section inductive impedance matching network(IMN)at Port-1 with a multiple stubs impedance transformer at *** fabricated prototype can harvest RF signal from GSM/900,GSM/1800,UMTS/2100,Wi-Fi/2.45 and LTE/2600 frequency bands at(0.94,1.80,2.10,2.46,and 2.63 GHz),*** rectifier occupies a small portion of a PCB board at 0.20λg×0.15λ*** proposed circuit realized a measured peak RF-to-dc(radio frequency direct current)power conversion efficiency(PCE)of(21%,22.76%,25.33%,21.57%,and 22.14%)for an input power of−20 *** RF harvester attains a measured peak RF-to-dc PCE of 72.70%and an output dc voltage of 154 mV for an input power of 3 dBm at 2.46 *** of the proposed rectifier in the ambiance gives a peak dc output voltage of 376.1 mV from the five signal ***,a low-powered bq25504-674 evaluation module(EVM)is integrated with the *** module boost and drive the rectifier output dc voltage to 945 *** performance of the proposed rectifier in the ambiance environment makes it a suitable module for low-powered RF applications.

关键词： RF energy harvesting impedance matching network power conversion efficiency multi-band rectifier

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： muhammad Junaid Eun Jeong Lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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V-Shaped Monopole Antenna with Chichena Itzia Inspired Defected Ground Structure for UWB Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第10期65卷 19-32页

作者： Naeem Ahmad Jan Saad Hassan Kiani Fazal muhammad Daniyal Ali Sehrai amjad iqbal muhammad Tufail Sunghwan Kim Department of Electrical Engineering Iqra National UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Multimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia Department of Mechatronics Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of UlsanUlsan44610Korea

Due to rapid growth in wireless communication technology,higher bandwidth requirement for advance telecommunication systems,capable of operating on two or higher bands with higher channel capacities and minimum distortion losses is *** this paper,a compact Ultra-Wideband(UWB)V-shaped monopole antenna is *** response is achieved by modifying the ground plane with Chichen Itzia inspired rectangular staircase *** proposed V-shaped is designed by incorporating a rectangle,and an inverted isosceles triangle using FR4 *** size of the antenna is 25 mm×26 mm×1.6 *** proposed V-shaped monopole antenna produces bandwidth response of 3 GHz Industrial,Scientific,and Medical(ISM),Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access(WiMAX),(IEEE 802.11/HIPERLAN band,5G sub 6 GHz)which with an additional square cut amplified the bandwidth response up to 8 GHz ranging from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz attaining UWB defined by Federal Communications Commission(FCC)with a maximum gain of 3.83 *** antenna is designed in Ansys *** for key performance parameters of the antenna are *** measured results are in good agreement with the simulated *** to flat gain,uniform group delay,omni directional radiation pattern characteristics and well-matched impedance,the proposed antenna is suitable for WiMAX,ISM and heterogeneous wireless systems.

关键词： V-shape monopole gain staircase ultra-wideband omni-directional defected ground structure

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A Hybrid Deep Learning Architecture for the Classification of Superhero Fashion Products:An Application for Medical-Tech Classification

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第9期124卷 1017-1033页

作者： Inzamam Mashood Nasir muhammad Attique Khan Majed Alhaisoni Tanzila Saba amjad Rehman Tassawar iqbal Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha’ilHa’ilSaudi Arabia College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusIslamabadPakistan

Comic character detection is becoming an exciting and growing research area in the domain of machine *** this regard,recently,many methods are proposed to provide adequate ***,most of these methods utilized the custom datasets,containing a few hundred images and fewer classes,to evaluate the performances of their models without comparing it,with some standard *** article takes advantage of utilizing a standard publicly dataset taken from a competition,and proposes a generic data balancing technique for imbalanced dataset to enhance and enable the in-depth training of the *** addition,to classify the superheroes efficiently,a custom 17-layer deep convolutional neural network is also *** computed results achieved overall classification accuracy of 97.9%which is significantly superior to the accuracy of competition’s winner.

关键词： Superheroes deep convolutional neural network data augmentation transfer learning machine learning

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Presowing Seed Treatment with Cytokinins and Its Effect on Growth, Photosynthetic Rate, Ionic Levels and Yield of Two Wheat Cultivars Differing in Salt Tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第11期47卷 1315-1325页

作者： muhammad iqbal muhammad ASHRAF Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

The effects of presowing seed treatment with different concentrations of cytokinins （kinetin and benzylaminopurine; 100, 150, and 200 mg/L） on growth, photosynthetic capacity, and ion homeostasis were investigated in two spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars, namely MH-97 （salt sensitive） and Inqlab- 91 （salt tolerant）. Primed and non-primed seeds were sown in a field in which NaC1 salinity of 15 dS/m was developed. Of the different concentrations of priming agents tested, the effect of a moderate concentration of kinetin （150 mg/L） was very pronounced, particularly in improving growth and grain yield, in both cultivars. In addition, priming with kinetin alleviated the adverse effect of salt stress on gaseous exchange characteristics （net CO2 assimilation rate and water use efficiency） in both cultivars. Seed priming with a moderate concentration of kinetin also altered the pattern of accumulation of Na^＋ and Clˉ in the shoots, irrespective of the wheat cultivar, under conditions of salt stress. However, all other priming agents at the different concentrations tested did not show any consistent effect on ion levels, except hydropriming, which increased K^＋ levels in the shoots of both cultivars under salt stress. In conclusion, a moderate concentration of kinetin showed a consistent effect in altering the growth and grain yield of both wheat cultivars, which was related to the beneficial effects of kinetin priming on water use efficiency and photosynthetic rate under conditions of salt stress.

关键词： growth hormonal priming photosynthesis pre-treatment salt stress yield.

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A Compact Dual-Port Multi-Band Rectifier Circuit for RF Energy Harvesting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 167-184页

作者： Surajo muhammad Jun Jiat Tiang Sew Kin Wong amjad iqbal Amor Smida Mohamed Karim Azizi Centre for Wireless Technology Faculty of EngineeringMultimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia Department of Medical Equipment Technology College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAlMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Microwave Electronics Research LaboratoryFaculty of MathematicalPhysical and Natural Sciences of TunisTunis El Manar UniversityTunis2092Tunisia

This paper presents a compact multi-band rectifier with an improved impedance matching *** uses a combination of–matching network(MN)at Port-1,with a parallel connection of three cell branch MN at *** proposed impedance matching network(IMN)is adopted to reduce circuit complexity,to improve circuit performance,and power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the rectifier at low input *** fabricated rectifier prototype operates at 0.92,1.82,2.1,2.46 and 2.65 GHz covering GSM/900,GSM/1800,UMTS2100,and Wi-Fi/2.45–*** size of the compact rectifier on the PCB board is 0.13λ_(g)×0.1λ_(g).The fabricated rectifier achieved an RF-to DC(radio frequency direct current)PCE of 31.8%,24%,22.7%,and 15%,and 14.1%for−20 dBm at the five respective measured operating *** circuit attains a peak RF-to-DC PCE of 82.3%for an input power of 3 dBm at 0.92 *** proposed rectifier realizes an ambient output dc voltage of 454 mV for multi-tone input signals from the two *** rectifier drives a bq25504-674 power management module(PMM)to achieve 1.21 V from the two-port *** rectifier has the ability to exploit both frequency domain through the multi-band operation with good impedance bandwidth and a spatial domain using dual-port ***,it is a potential candidate for various applications in radio frequency energy harvesting(RFEH)system.

关键词： RF energy harvesting impedance matching network power conversion efficiency multi-band rectifier dual-port power management module

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Biosorption characteristics of unicellular green alga Chlorella sorokiniana immobilized in loofa sponge for removal of Cr(Ⅲ)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期20卷 231-239页

作者： AKHTAR Nasreen iqbal muhammad ZAFAR Saeed iqbal iqbal Javed Department of Biology Government lslamia College for WomenCooper RoadLahore-54550Pakistan. Environment Biotechnology Group Biotechnology and Food Research CentrePCSIR Laboratories ComplexLahore-54600Pakistan. School of Biological Sciences University of PunjabLahore-54570Pakistan.

Loofa sponge （LS） immobilized biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana （LSIBCS）, isolated from industrial wastewater, was investigated as a new biosorbent for the removal of Cr（Ⅲ） from aqueous solution. A comparison of the biosorption of Cr（Ⅲ） by LSIBCS and free biomass of C. sorokiniana （FBCS） from 10-300 mg Cr（Ⅲ）/L aqueous solutions showed an increase in uptake of 17.79% when the microalgal biomass was immobilized onto loofa sponge. Maximum biosorption capacity for LSIBCS and FBCS was found to be 69.26 and 58.80 mg Cr（Ⅲ）/g biosorbent, respectively, whereas the amount of Cr（Ⅲ） ions adsorbed onto naked LS was 4.97 mg/g. The kinetics of Cr（Ⅲ） biosorption was extremely rapid and equilibrium was established in about 15 and 20 min by LSIBCS and FBCS, respectively. The biosorption equilibrium was well defined by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The biosorption was found to be pH dependent and the maximum sorption occurred at the solution pH 4.0. Desorption studies showed that 98% of the adsorbed Cr（Ⅲ） could be desorbed with 0.1 mol/L HNO3, while other desorbing agents were less effective in the order： EDTA 〉 H2SO4 〉 CH3COOH 〉 HCl. The regenerated LSIBCS retained 92.68% of the initial Cr（Ⅲ） binding capacity up to five cycles of reuse in continuous flow-fixed bed columns. The study revealed that LSIBCS could be used as an effective biosorbent for the removal of Cr（Ⅲ） from wastewater.

关键词： biosorption immobilization loofa sponge Chlorella sorokiniana Cr(Ⅲ) desorption fixed bed column reactor

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Enhancing Secure Development in Globally Distributed Software Product Lines: A Machine Learning-Powered Framework for Cyber-Resilient Ecosystems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 5031-5049页

作者： Marya iqbal Yaser Hafeez Nabil Almashfi amjad Alsirhani Faeiz Alserhani Sadia Ali Mamoona Humayun muhammad Jamal University Institute of Information Technology PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Department of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityAl Jouf72388Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityAl Jouf72388Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering&Networks College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityAl Jouf72388Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversitySakakaAl Jouf72388Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan

Embracing software product lines(SPLs)is pivotal in the dynamic landscape of contemporary software ***,the flexibility and global distribution inherent in modern systems pose significant challenges to managing SPL variability,underscoring the critical importance of robust cybersecurity *** paper advocates for leveraging machine learning(ML)to address variability management issues and fortify the security of *** the context of the broader special issue theme on innovative cybersecurity approaches,our proposed ML-based framework offers an interdisciplinary perspective,blending insights from computing,social sciences,and ***,it employs ML for demand analysis,dynamic feature extraction,and enhanced feature selection in distributed settings,contributing to cyber-resilient *** experiments demonstrate the framework’s superiority,emphasizing its potential to boost productivity and security in *** digital threats evolve,this research catalyzes interdisciplinary collaborations,aligning with the special issue’s goal of breaking down academic barriers to strengthen digital ecosystems against sophisticated attacks while upholding ethics,privacy,and human values.

关键词： Machine Learning variability management cybersecurity digital ecosystems cyber-resilience

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