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Evolution of Coulomb failure stress in Sulaiman Lobe,Pakistan,and its implications for seismic hazard assessment

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第2期7卷 282-294页

作者： Aiza Amjad muhammad shahid Riaz Urooj Shakir muhammad Younis Khan muhammad ali shah Bahria School of Engineering and Applied Sciences H-11 CampusBahriaBahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabadPakistan National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawarPakistan GIS and Space Applications in Geosciences(G-SAG)Lab National Center of GIS and Space Applications(NCGSA)IslamabadPakistan

In this research work,we present the evolution of Coulomb failure stress(CFS)in the Sulaiman Lobe and its implications for seismic hazard *** Chaman transform fault,~1,000 km long,is the major active fault that marks the western boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan on the Indian *** date,few studies have been conducted to unveil the interactions among earthquakes and the implications of these interactions for seismic hazard assessment in the *** thoroughly investigated the published and online catalog to construct a sequence of major earthquakes that occurred in this region during the *** final earthquake sequence was composed of 15 earthquakes of M_(w)≥6.0,beginning with the 1888 *** used the stress-triggering theory to numerically simulate the evolution of CFS caused by these *** numerical results revealed that 8 out of 15earthquakes were triggered by the preceding *** earthquakes in 1908,1910,1935,1966,and 1997 were rather independent earthquakes in this *** the epicenters of the 1975a and 1975b earthquakes were in the stress shadow zone,the partial rupture segments of both these earthquakes were in high-CFS *** CFS induced by the 1935 earthquake was notable,as it later triggered the 2008 ***,our results revealed that the northern segment of the Chaman Fault,the southern segment of the Ghazaband Fault,and the northwestern segment of the Urghargai Fault demonstrated a high change in CFS that could trigger seismicity in these *** necessary arrangements must therefore be made to mitigate any possible seismic hazards in the region.

关键词： Sulaiman Thrust Sulaiman Lobe earthquake triggering Coulomb failure stress seismic hazard assessment

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Suitable energy platform significantly improves charge separation of g-C3N4 for CO2 reduction and pollutant oxidation under visible-light

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2019年第2期29卷 138-144页

作者： Amir Zada Nauman ali Fazle Subhan Natasha Anwar muhammad Ishaq ali shah muhammad Ateeq Zahid Hussain Khair Zaman Momin Khan Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Heilongjiang University) Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Science International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar

The photocatalytic activities of g-C3N4can be significantly improved by increasing life time of the photogenerated charges. Here, in this work we introduced TiO2as proper energy platform to accept the photogenerated electrons from g-C3N4during photocatalysis. The nanophotocatalysts formed from the combination of a suitable amount of TiO2nanoparticles and g-C3N4nanosheets showed 8.75 and 4.22% enhancement in photocatalytic activities for CO2reduction and 2-chlorophenol(2-CP) degradation under visible light illumination as compared to bare g-C3N4. Based on the surface photovoltage spectra, photoluminescence spectra and examination of formed hydroxyl radicals, it was confirmed that these enhanced photoactivities were attributed to the much-improved charge separation via the electron transfer from g-C3N4to TiO2. From trapping experiments,it was found that hydroxyl radicals were the major species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of *** study is helpful to synthesize efficient photocatalysts to cope with energy and environmental issues.

关键词： Nanophotocatalyst Charge separation CO2 reduction Pollutant degradation

Pd3 cluster catalysis: Compelling evidence from in operando spectroscopic, kinetic, and density functional theory studies

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Nano Research 2016年第9期9卷 2544-2550页

作者： Chunlin Lv Hao Cheng Wei He muhammad Ishaq ali shah Congqiao Xu Xiangjian Meng Lei Jiao Shiqiang Wei Jun Li Lei Liu Yadong Li Department of Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterial Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterial Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China

Identification of metal cluster catalysis is a topic that is being investigated since a long time. Here, we report a Pd3 metal cluster catalytic reaction investigated by means of operando studies. We discovered that atomically defined tri-nuclear palladium (Pd3) is a surprisingly active catalyst for the cycloisomerization of 2-phenylethynylaniline. Operando1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray extended absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements have indicated that the structural integrity of such a catalyst remains intact throughout the reaction, which has also been confirmed by an ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study and catalyst recycling experiments. Kinetic data derived from operando IR spectroscopy measurements have shown that Pd3is the active catalytic species. Density functional theory calculations have revealed a reaction pathway consistent with the kinetic data, further supported by NMR titration and X-ray crystal structure studies. Overall, the present study presents a clear example of metal cluster catalysis. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2016, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： metal cluster catalysis operando studies active species cycloisomerization palladium

Efficacy of DNA vaccines carrying Eimeria acervulina lactate dehydrogenase antigen gene against coccidiosis

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Efficacy of DNA vaccines carrying Eimeria acervulina lactate...

The DNA-induced protective immunity with chicken interferon gamma against poultry coccidiosis

中国畜牧兽医学会家畜寄生虫学分会第六次代表大会暨第十一次学术研讨会

作者： muhammad ali A shah College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University

The efficacies of DNA vaccines encoding either Eimeria acervulina lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) antigen or a combination of LDH antigen and chicken IL-2 or IFN-γwere evaluated against chicken *** vaccine plasmids pVAX-LDH,pVAX-LDH-IFN-γand pVAX-LDH-IL-2 were constructed using the eukaryotic expression vector *** of proteins encoded by plasmids DNA in vivo were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blot *** body weight gain,oocyst output,survival rate and lesion scores were measured to evaluate the protective effects of vaccination on challenge *** results showed that DNA vaccines could obviously alleviate body weight loss,duodenal lesions,oocyst output and enhance oocyst decrease ratio. Anti-coccidial indexes(ACIs) of pVAX-LDH-IFN-γand pVAX-LDH-IL-2 groups were higher than that of other *** cytometric analysis of T lymphocytes in spleen and cecal tonsil demonstrated that DNA vaccines had significantly increased percentages of CD3+T cells compared with pVAX1 alone or TE buffer. The results provided the first proof that DNA vaccine carrying *** LDH antigen gene induced protective immunity against homologous infection and its effect could be enhanced by co-expression of chickenIL-2 or IFN-γ.

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The DNA-induced protective immunity with chicken interferon ...

Construction of DNA vaccines encoding Eimeria acervulina cSZ-2 with chicken IL-2 and IFN-γand their efficacy against poultry coccidiosis

中国畜牧兽医学会家畜寄生虫学分会第六次代表大会暨第十一次学术研讨会

作者： muhammad ali A.shah College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University

The immunogenicity of Eimeria acervulina cSZ-2 and chicken interferon gamma was observed against Eimeria tenella *** chickens were randomly divided into six groups of 24 chicks each. Three groups of chickens were injected with DNA vaccines pVAX1-cSZ2,pVAX1-chIFN-γand pVAX1-cSZ2-chIFN-γtwo times(at days 14 and 21) at a dose of 100μg *** other groups were kept as control and injected with TE buffer(10 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.6 and 1 mM EDTA).One week following the booster dose,all chickens except the non-infected,non-vaccinated control group were inoculated orally with 5×104 sporulated oocysts of *** days post challenge,all chickens were weighted and slaughtered for cecal lesion scoring and oocyst *** results demonstrated that cSZ-2 in combination with interferon gamma can protect chickens from coccidiosis by significantly decreasing body weight loss and oocyst excretion reflecting partial protection against *** infection,and further studies are necessary to test for protection against other Eimeria species.

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Construction of DNA vaccines encoding Eimeria acervulina cSZ...

Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

中国畜牧兽医学会家畜寄生虫学分会第六次代表大会暨第十一次学术研讨会

作者： muhammad ali A.shah College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University

The study describes vaccination experiments with highly immunogenic sporozoite *** cSZ-2 coadministered with chicken IL-2(chIL-2) and interferon-γ(chIFN-γ) to determine their efficacies against homologue *** entire coding sequence of cSZ2,chIL-2 and chIFN-γwere cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1,constructing DNA vaccines pVAX1-cSZ2,pVAX1-chIL-2, pVAX1-chIFN-γ,pVAX1-cSZ2-chIL-2 and pVAX1-cSZ2-chIFN-γ.The expression of target genes in vivo was detected by RT-PCR and Western *** experiments were carried out by vaccinating chickens two times at dose rate of 100μg *** 28 days of age,all chickens were inoculated orally with 1×105 sporulated oocysts of *** except the unchallenged control *** days after challenge,all chickens were weighted and slaughtered for duodenum *** results indicated that these DNA vaccines were successfully constructed and the antigen genes could be expressed effectively in *** findings also demonstrated best synergistic effect of IL-2 with this protein which suggested that co-administration of cytokines with this antigen was a powerful method to enhance immunity by alleviating intestinal lesions,body weight loss and oocyst count imparting partial protection against homologous challenge.

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHMED Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla shahID Imran ali Hafiz muhammad ali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

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An Implementation of Multiscale Line Detection and Mathematical Morphology for Efficient and Precise Blood Vessel Segmentation in Fundus Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2565-2583页

作者： Syed Ayaz ali shah Aamir shahzad Musaed Alhussein Chuan Meng Goh Khursheed Aurangzeb Tong Boon Tang muhammad Awais Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22060Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University Tunku Abdul RehmanKampar CampusKampar31900Malaysia Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research University Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia School of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUK

Diagnosing various diseases such as glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,cardiovascular conditions,and diabetic retinopathy involves segmenting retinal blood *** task is particularly challenging when dealing with color fundus images due to issues like non-uniformillumination,low contrast,and variations in vessel appearance,especially in the presence of different ***,the speed of the retinal vessel segmentation system is of utmost *** the surge of now available big data,the speed of the algorithm becomes increasingly important,carrying almost equivalent weightage to the accuracy of the *** address these challenges,we present a novel approach for retinal vessel segmentation,leveraging efficient and robust techniques based on multiscale line detection and mathematical *** algorithm’s performance is evaluated on two publicly available datasets,namely the Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction dataset(DRIVE)and the Structure Analysis of Retina(STARE)*** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method,withmean accuracy values of 0.9467 forDRIVE and 0.9535 for STARE datasets,aswell as sensitivity values of 0.6952 forDRIVE and 0.6809 for STARE ***,our algorithmexhibits competitive performance with state-of-the-art ***,it operates at an average speed of 3.73 s per image for DRIVE and 3.75 s for STARE *** is worth noting that these results were achieved using Matlab scripts containing multiple *** suggests that the processing time can be further reduced by replacing loops with *** the proposed algorithm can be deployed in real time *** summary,our proposed system strikes a fine balance between swift computation and accuracy that is on par with the best available methods in the field.

关键词： Line detector vessel detection localization mathematical morphology image processing

Ir single atoms on NiFeZn-LDH matrix for exceptional oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7039-7044页

作者： muhammad Israr muhammad Humayun Jiaqi Zhang Khadim shah Xin Tan Chen Chen Yadong Li Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Energy Water and Environment LabCollege of Humanities and SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

To address the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a potential approach is to rationally design and fabricate extremely effective single atom catalysts(SACs).Using an appropriate matrix to stabilize single-atom active centers with optimal geometric and electronic structures is crucial for enhancing catalytic ***,we report the design and fabrication of Ir single atoms on NiFeZn layered double hydroxide(Ir-SAC/NiFeZn-LDH)electrocatalyst for highly efficient and stable *** is investigated that the NiFeZn support exhibits abundant defect sites and unsaturated coordination *** sites function to anchor and stabilize single Ir single atoms on the *** strong synergetic electronic interaction between the Ir single atoms and the NiFeZn matrix resulted in remarkable OER performance of the as-fabricated Ir-SAC/NiFeZn *** a loading Ir content of 1.09 wt.%,this catalyst demonstrates a highly stable OER activity,with an overpotential of 196 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2) and a small Tafel slope of 35 mV·dec^(−1) for the OER in a 1 M KOH *** results significantly surpass the performance of the commercially available IrO_(2) catalyst.

关键词： Ir single atoms layered double hydroxides rational design geometric optimization oxygen evolution reaction