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Presentation delay in breast cancer patients and its association with sociodemographic factors in North Pakistan

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2015年第3期27卷 288-293页

作者： muhammad aleem khan Sheharyar Hanif Sundas Iqbal muhammad Faheem Shahzad Sehrish Shafique muhammad Taha khan Department of Nuclear Medicine Nuclear MedicineOncology and Radiotherapy Institute Department of Medicine Ziauddin Medical University Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology Department of Physiology Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Nuffield Brentwood Hospital

Background： There is strong evidence that delayed diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with poor survival. The objectives were to determine the frequency of breast cancer patients with delayed presentation, the reasons of delay and its association with different socio-demographic variables in our ***： We interviewed 315 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients. Delay was defined as more than 3 months from appearance of symptoms to the consultation from doctor. Questions were asked from each patient which could reflect their understanding about the disease and which could be the likely reasons for their delayed ***： A total of 39.01%（n=123） of patients presented late and out of those, 40.7% wasted time using alternative medicines; 25.2% were not having enough resources; 17.1% presented late due to painless lump; 10.6% felt shyness and 6.5% presented late due to other reasons. Higher age, negative family history, 〈8 school years of education and low to middle socio-economic status were significantly associated with delayed presentation（P〈0.05）. Education and socioeconomic status were two independent variables related to the delayed presentation after adjustment for others [odds ratios（OR） of 2.26, 2.29 and 95% confidence intervals（CI） was 1.25-4.10, 1.06-4.94 respectively].Conclusions： Significant percentage of women with breast cancer in North Pakistan is experiencing presentation delay due to their misconceptions about the disease. Coordinated efforts with public health department are needed to educate the focused groups and mitigating the barriers identified in the study. Long term impact will be reduced overall burden of the disease in the region.

关键词： Breast cancer delayed diagnosis survival

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Variable range hopping transport and dielectric relaxation mechanism in GdCrO_(3) rare-earth orthochromite perovskite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1304-1316,I0004页

作者： muhammad Javed Ayaz Arif khan Jamal Kazmi Naeem Akbar Said Nasir Khisro Amanullah Dar aleem Dad khan Tareen Mohd Ambri Mohamed Department of Physics The University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Physics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli11100Pakistan Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Mathematics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli11100Pakistan

The polycrystalline GdCrO_(3)(GCO)perovskite orthochromite was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion *** Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction(XRD)profile of GCO confirms that the orthorhombic phase crystallizes in perovskite crystal structure with space group *** transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction divulge the polycrystalline nature of the perovskite *** field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)images reveal the microstructural polyhedral growth of grains separated by sharp grain *** chemical states of the ions present in the compound were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)studies,and the electrical pathways were *** impedance studies were carried out in the experimental frequency and temperature ranges of 40 Hz-4 MHz and 178-408 K,*** equivalent circuit model(RGQG)(RGBQGB)resolves the impedance response into two contributions originating from the intra-grain and inter-granular micro-constituents of the *** electrical conduction mechanism is based on the Mott variable range hopping *** complex electric modulus studies demonstrate the short-and long-range mobility of the charge carriers and rule out the presence of electrode effects on the dielectric relaxation mechanism of the *** decreasing pattern of dielectric permittivity with frequency is explained by the Maxwell-Wagner type of *** frequency dependence of the loss factor exhibits the presence of thermally activated relaxation time distribution in the material.

关键词： Auto-combustion Perovskite Electro-ceramic Dielectric Electrical transport Impedance

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Classification of Electrocardiogram Signals for Arrhythmia Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3817-3834页

作者： muhammad aleem Raza muhammad Anwar Kashif Nisar Ag.Asri Ag.Ibrahim Usman Ahmed Raza Sadiq Ali khan Fahad Ahmad Department of Computer Science and IT Lahore Lead UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota KinabaluSabah88400Malaysia Computer Science Department UBIT Karachi UniversityKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Common First YearJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia

With the help of computer-aided diagnostic systems,cardiovascular diseases can be identified timely manner to minimize the mortality rate of patients suffering from cardiac ***,the early diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia is one of the most challenging *** manual analysis of electrocardiogram(ECG)data with the help of the Holter monitor is ***,the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)is receiving considerable attention from researchers for automatically identifying ECG *** paper proposes a 9-layer-based CNN model to classify the ECG signals into five primary categories according to the American National Standards Institute(ANSI)standards and the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instruments(AAMI).The Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital(MIT-BIH)arrhythmia dataset is used for the *** proposed model outperformed the previous model in terms of accuracy and achieved a sensitivity of 99.0%and a positivity predictively 99.2%in the detection of a Ventricular Ectopic Beat(VEB).Moreover,it also gained a sensitivity of 99.0%and positivity predictively of 99.2%for the detection of a supraventricular ectopic beat(SVEB).The overall accuracy of the proposed model is 99.68%.

关键词： Arrhythmia ECG signal deep learning convolutional neural network physioNet MIT-BIH arrhythmia database

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Multiomics approaches to explore drought tolerance in cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第4期7卷 386-398页

作者： SHARIF Iram aleem Saba JUNAID Jamshaid Ali ALI Zulfiqar aleem Muqadas SHAHZAD Rahil FAROOQ Jehanzeb khan muhammad Imran ARSHAD Waheed ELLAHI Farrukh Cotton Research Station Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabadPakistan Barani Agricultural Research Station Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFatehjhanPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

The situation of global warming imparts negative impacts on crop growth and *** is the most important fiber crop around the ***,frequent drought episodes pose serious threats to cotton production *** to the complex genetic structure of drought tolerance,the development of a tolerant cultivar is cumbersome via conventional *** omics techniques have appeared as successful tool for cotton improvement in drought *** omics-based biotechniques have paved the way for generation of omics data like transcriptomics,genomics,metabolomics and proteomics,which greatly expand the knowledge of cotton response to drought *** methodologies and have provided ways for the identification of quantitative trait loci(QTLs),gene regulatory networks,and other regulatory pathways against drought stress in *** resources could speed up the discovery and incorporation of drought tolerant traits in the elite *** genome wide association study(GWAS),gene-editing system CRISPER/Cas9,gene silencing through RNAi are efficient tools to explore the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance and facilitate the identification of mechanisms and candidate genes for the improvement of drought tolerance in cotton.

关键词： Drought Structural genomics Functional genomics Transcriptomics Proteomics

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Encoder-Decoder Based LSTM Model to Advance User QoE in 360-Degree Video

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2617-2631页

作者： muhammad Usman Younus Rabia Shafi Ammar Rafiq muhammad Rizwan Anjum Sharjeel Afridi Abdul aleem Jamali Zulfiqar Ali Arain Ecole Doctorale Mathematiques InformatiqueTelecommunicationde ToulouseUniversity Paul SabatierToulouse31330France School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129China Department of Computer Science NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer ResearchFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Electronic Engineering The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan Department of Electronic Engineering Quaid-e-Awam University of EngineeringScience and Technology(QUEST)Nawabshah67450Pakistan Department of Telecommunication Engineering MUETJamshoro76060Pakistan

The development of multimedia content has resulted in a massiveincrease in network traffic for video streaming. It demands such types ofsolutions that can be addressed to obtain the user’s Quality-of-Experience(QoE). 360-degree videos have already taken up the user’s behavior by ***, the users only focus on the part of 360-degree videos, known as aviewport. Despite the immense hype, 360-degree videos convey a loathsomeside effect about viewport prediction, making viewers feel uncomfortablebecause user viewport needs to be pre-fetched in advance. Ideally, we canminimize the bandwidth consumption if we know what the user motionin advance. Looking into the problem definition, we propose an EncoderDecoder based Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) model to more accuratelycapture the non-linear relationship between past and future viewport positions. This model takes the transforming data instead of taking the direct inputto predict the future user movement. Then, this prediction model is combinedwith a rate adaptation approach that assigns the bitrates to various tiles for360-degree video frames under a given network capacity. Hence, our proposedwork aims to facilitate improved system performance when QoE parametersare jointly optimized. Some experiments were carried out and compared withexisting work to prove the performance of the proposed model. Last but notleast, the experiments implementation of our proposed work provides highuser’s QoE than its competitors.

关键词： Encoder-decoder based lSTM 360-degree video streaming LSTM QoE viewport prediction

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Molecular epidemiology, characterization of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance profile of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from dairy farms in China and Pakistan

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1514-1528页

作者： Ambreen LEGHARI Shakeel Ahmed LAKHO Faiz muhammad khanD Khaliq ur Rehman BHUTTO Sameen Qayoom LONE muhammad Tahir aleem Iqra BANO muhammad Ali CHANDIO Jan muhammad SHAH LIN Hui-xing FAN Hong-jie MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary MedicineNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Sakrand 67210Pakistan Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Tando Jam 70050Pakistan Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most common pathogens that cause bovine mastitis worldwide. Identifying pathogen prevalence and virulence factors is critical for developing prevention and control approaches. Herein, 1 161 milk samples from various dairy farms in China(n=558) and Pakistan(n=603) were collected between 2019–2021 and were subjected to S. agalactiae isolation. Prevalence, serotyping, virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant genes of S. agalactiae were evaluated by PCR assay. All isolates were characterized for haemolysis, biofilm production, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion on bovine mammary epithelial cells. The prevalence of S. agalactiae-induced mastitis in cattle was found to be considerably higher in Pakistan than in China. Jiangsu and Sindh provinces had the highest area-wise prevalence in China and Pakistan, respectively. Serotypes Ia and II were prevalent in both countries, whereas serotype III was found only in Pakistan. Moreover, all isolates tested positive for PI-2b gene but negative for PI-1 and PI-2a genes. All isolates harboured cfb, cylE, hylB, and fbsB virulent genes, whereas many of them lacked bibA, rib and bca. However, the absence of bac and scp genes in Chinese isolates and cspA in Pakistani isolates was noted, while spb1 and lmb were not detected in isolates of both countries. Pakistani isolates, particularly serotype Iapositive, had a considerably higher ability to produce biofilm, haemolysis, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion than Chinese isolates. Most of the isolates were phenotypically resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin and genotypic resistance was confirmed by the presence of ermA, ermB, tetM and tetO genes. Our study highlights the antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence-related factors contributing to the epidemiological spread of mastitis-causing S. agalactiae in China and Pakistan. The findings may facilitate future studies designed to develop improved treatment and control str

关键词： Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis epidemiology virulence characterization antibiotic resistance

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Ethnopharmacological Survey of Plants Used for the Treatment of Stomach,Diabetes,and Ophthalmic Diseases in Sudhan Gali,Kashmir,Pakistan

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云南植物研究 2006年第5期28卷 535-542页

作者： muhammad Waseem M.Amin Ullah Shah Rizwana aleem Qureshi Iqbal muhammad Rabia Afza Saeeda Yousaf World Wildlife Fund Pakistan Quaid-e-Azam University IslamabadPakistan Kohat University ofScience & Technology KohatPakistan University of Peshawar Pakistan

The present paper represents the ethnopharmacological survey of Sudhan Gali,Kashmir,*** study revealed that 12 plant species belonging to 11 families were used for the treatment of stomach,diabetes and ophthalmic diseases by the local people in Sudhan *** millefolium,Aconitum heterophyllum,Berberis lycium,Polygonum amplexicaule,Mentha longifolia,Paeonia emodi,Plantago lanceolata were locally used for stomach related problems treatment;Berberis lycium,Skimmia lareola,Solanum dulcamara for diabetes and Geranium wallichianum,Artemisia vulgaris,Solanum dulcamara,and Corydalis crassifolia used for the treatment of ophthalmic *** species Berberis lycium and Solanum dulcamara have multipurpose *** is used to treat stomach as well as diabetes while latter is used to treat not only to diabetes but also ophthalmic *** to IUCN categories,out of these 12 plant species collected and marketed,Polygonum amplexicaule and Paeonia emodi are endangered,Aconitum heterophyllum;Berberis lycium species are vulnerable while Plantago lanceolata and Skimmia lareola species are *** availability of these medicinal plants has decreased during the past 20 years and these are facing a drastic biotic pressure due to their extensive usage and non-scientific methods of *** is quite evident that these valuable native medicinal plants species are going to decline in number and ultimately will become extinct if no timely proper conservation strategies are adopted.

关键词： Medicinal plants IUCN Biotic pressure Conservation Ethnopharmacology

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Application of Zinc, Iron and Boron Enhances Productivity and Grain Biofortification of Mungbean

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 983-999页

作者： muhammad Zafar Siraj Ahmed muhammad Kashif Munir Nawal Zafar muhammad Saqib muhammad aleem Sarwar Saba Iqbal Baber Ali Naveed Akhtar Basharat Ali Sadam Hussain muhammad Saeed Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz Agronomic Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Plant Pathology Research Institute Faisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38641Korea

Deficiencies of essential vitamins,iron(Fe),and zinc(Zn)affect over one-half of the world’s population.A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation,but new approaches are needed,especially to reach the rural *** biofortification of pulses with Zn,Fe,and boron(B)offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and ***,it also has positive effects on crop production as ***,we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the yield and seed biofortification of *** application of Zn at 0,4.125,8.25,Fe at 0,2.5,5.0 and B at 0,0.55,1.1 kg ha−1 was done in the first,second and third experiment,*** application in these experiments was done at 0.3%Zn,0.2%Fe and 0.1%B respectively one week after flowering *** revealed that soil-applied Zn,Fe and B at 8.25,5.0 and 1.1 kg ha−1,respectively,enhanced the grain yield of mungbean;however,this increase in yield was statistically similar to that recorded with Zn,Fe and B at 4.125,2.5 and 0.55 kg ha−1,*** application of these nutrients at flower initiation significantly enhanced the Zn contents by 28%and 31%,Fe contents by 80%and 78%,while B contents by 98%and 116%over control during 2019 and 2020,*** was concluded from the results that soil application of Zn,Fe,and B enhanced the yield performance of mungbean;while significant improvements in seed Zn,Fe,and B contents were recorded with foliar application of these nutrients.

关键词： Biofortification seed biofortification mungbean iron zinc boron foliar application

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Potential medicinal plants involved in inhibiting 3CL^(pro) activity:A practical alternate approach to combating COVID-19

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第6期20卷 488-496页

作者： Fan Yang Xiao-lan Jiang Akash Tariq Sehrish Sadia Zeeshan Ahmed Jordi Sardans muhammad aleem Riaz Ullah Rainer W.Bussmann The Medical Center of General Practice Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830041Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Department of Biological Sciences University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesRavi CampusPattoki 55300Pakistan Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Global Ecology UnitCentre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra08193 BarcelonaCataloniaSpain Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193CataloniaSpain Department of Pharmacognosy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Ethnobotany Institute of Botanyllia State UniversityTbilisi 0105Georgia

At present,a variety of vaccines have been approved,and existing antiviral drugs are being tested to find an effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,no standardized treatment has yet been approved by the World Health *** virally encoded chymotrypsin-like protease(3CL^(pro))from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which facilitates the replication of SARS-CoV in the host cells,is one potential pharmacological target for the development of antiSARS *** search engines,such as Web of Science,Google Scholar,Scopus and PubMed,were used to retrieve data on the traditional uses of medicinal plants and their inhibitory effects against the SARS-CoV 3CL^(pro).Various pure compounds,including polyphenols,terpenoids,chalcones,alkaloids,biflavonoids,flavanones,anthraquinones and glycosides,have shown potent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CL^(pro) activity with 50% inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values ranging from 2-44μg/***,most of these active compounds,including xanthoangelol E(isolated from Angelica keiskei),dieckol 1(isolated from Ecklonia cava),amentoflavone(isolated from Torreya nucifera),celastrol,pristimerin,tingenone and iguesterin(isolated from Tripterygium regelii),tannic acid(isolated from Camellia sinensis),and theaflavin-3,3’-digallate,3-isotheaflav1in-3 gallate and dihydrotanshinone I(isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza),had IC_(50)values of less than 15μg/*** mechanistic studies of several active compounds revealed that their mode of inhibition was dose-dependent and competitive,with K_(i)values ranging from 2.4-43.8μmol/*** the significance of plant-based compounds and the many promising results obtained,there is still need to explore the phytochemical and mechanistic potentials of plants and their *** medicinal plants could serve as an effective inexpensive nutraceutical for the general public to help manage COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus 3C proteases Medicinal plants Plant-derived compounds Drug development

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Phytochemical composition, biological potential and enzyme inhibition activity of Scandix pecten-veneris L.

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2018年第2期19卷 120-129页

作者： Abdul WAHAB Syed aleem JAN Abdur RAUF Zia ur REHMAN Zahid khan Aftab AHMED Fatima SYED Sher Zaman SAFI Hamayun khan muhammad IMRAN Department of Chemistry Islamia College University Biochemistry Section Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar Department of Chemistry University of Swabi Department of Botany Islamia College University State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Objective： Scandix pecten-veneris L. is a less studied wild edible herb and is considered an extinct plant species in many parts of the world. This study was designed to evaluate its phytochemical composition and biological potential of S. pecten-veneris L. Methods： Phytochemicals including alkaloids, fiavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins were determined in extracts of S. pecten-veneris. Antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl （DPPH）, while reducing power was tested by ferric reducing/antioxidant power （FRAP） assay. Antimi- crobial activity against seven bacterial and four fungal strains was evaluated using agar well diffusion assay. Enzymes inhibition study was performed for urease, phosphodiesterase-I, and catalase-II. Results： S. pecten-veneris showed moderate antiradical activity and reducing potential of hydroxyl radicals to about 20% of the initial value. The antiox- idant activity of various extracts of S. pecten-veneris showed a linear correlation with total phenolic contents in the order of water〉n-butanol〉chloroform〉ethyl acetate〉methanol extracts. S. pecten-veneris leaves showed the highest inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus while the highest antifungal activity was observed against Candida albicans. The plant extract was most potent against urease enzymes but showed moderate activity against phosphodiestrase-I and carbonic anhydrase-II. Conclusions： Our data demonstrate that in addition to its culinary uses, S. pecten-veneris has good medicinal potential and hence could be used for treating some specific health ailments.

关键词： Scandix pecten-veneris L. Phytochemical composition Antioxidant activity Antimicrobial potential Enzyme inhibition

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