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Hepatitis C virus prevalence and genotype distribution inPakistan:Comprehensive review of recent data

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第4期22卷 1684-1700页

作者： muhammad umer mazhar iqbal Health Biotechnology Division National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) is endemic in Pakistan and its burden is expected to increase in coming decades owing mainly to widespread use of unsafe medical procedures. The prevalence of HCV in Pakistan has previously been reviewed. However, the literature search conducted here revealed that at least 86 relevant studies have been produced since the publication of these systematic reviews. A revised updated analysis was therefore needed in order to integrate the fresh data. A systematic review of data published between 2010 and 2015 showed that HCV seroprevalence among the general adult Pakistani population is 6.8%, while active HCV infection was found in approximately 6% of the population. Studies included in this review have also shown extremely high HCV prevalence in rural and underdeveloped peri-urban areas(up to 25%), highlighting the need for an increased focus on this previously neglected socioeconomic stratum of the population. While a 2.45% seroprevalence among blood donors demands immediate measures to curtail the risk of transfusion transmitted HCV, a very high prevalence in patients attending hospitals with various non-liver disease related complaints(up to 30%) suggests a rise in the incidence of nosocomial HCV spread. HCV genotype 3a continues to be the most prevalent subtype infecting people in Pakistan(61.3%). However, recent years have witnessed an increase in the frequency of subtype 2a in certain geographical sub-regions within Pakistan. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Sindh provinces, 2a was the second most prevalent genotype(17.3% and 11.3% respectively). While the changing frequency distribution of various genotypes demands an increased emphasis on research for novel therapeutic regimens, evidence of high nosocomial transmission calls for immediate measures aimed at ensuring safe medical practices.

关键词： Hepatitis C Pakistan Hepatitis C virus Liver cancer Hepatitis C virus genotypes Epidemiology

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Hydrological response under CMIP6 climate projection in Astore River Basin,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第8期20卷 2263-2281页

作者： Zeshan ALI Mudassar IQBAL Ihsan Ullah KHAN muhammad umer MASOOD muhammad umer muhammad Usama Khan LODHI muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman TARIQ Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan International Water Management Institute Lahore 53700Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan College of Engineering IT&EnvironmentCharles Darwin UniversityDarwinNT 0810Australia

Climate change strongly influences the available water resources in a watershed due to direct linkage of atmospheric driving forces and changes in watershed hydrological *** how these climatic changes affect watershed hydrology is essential for human society and environmental *** Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)dataset of three GCM's(BCC-CSM2-MR,INM-CM5-0,and MPIESM1-2-HR)with resolution of 100 km has been analyzed to examine the projected changes in temperature and precipitation over the Astore catchment during *** correction method was used to reduce *** this study,statistical significance of trends was performed by using the Man-Kendall ***'s estimator determined the magnitude of the trend on both seasonal and annual scales at Rama Rattu and Astore ***-ESM1-2-HR showed better results with coefficient of determination(COD)ranging from 0.70-0.74 for precipitation and 0.90-0.92 for maximum and minimum temperature at Astore,Rama,and Rattu followed by INM-CM5-0 and *** of British Columbia Watershed model was used to attain the future hydrological series and to analyze the hydrological response of Astore River Basin to climate *** revealed that by the end of the 2070s,average annual precipitation is projected to increase up to 26.55%under the SSP1-2.6,6.91%under SSP2-4.5,and decrease up to 21.62%under the *** also showed considerable variability during summer and *** projected temperature showed an increasing trend that may cause melting of *** projected increase in temperature ranges from-0.66℃ to 0.50℃,0.9℃ to 1.5℃ and 1.18℃ to 2℃ under the scenarios of SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5,*** streamflows presented a slight increase by all *** streamflow was generated under SSP5-8.5 followed by SSP2-4.5 and *** snowmelt and groundwater contributions to streamflow have decreased whereas rainfa

关键词： GCMs UBCWM Astore River Climate Change Upper Indus Basin Bias Correction

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Dynamical Transmission of Coronavirus Model with Analysis and Simulation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第5期127卷 753-769页

作者： muhammad Farman Ali Akgul Aqeel Ahmad Dumitru Baleanu muhammad umer Saleem Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Faculty of Art and Science Department of MathematicsSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Turkey Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityAnkara06530Turkey Institute of Space Sciences MagureleR76900Romania Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematics University of EducationLahore54770Pakistan

COVID-19 acts as a serious challenge to the whole *** data of COVID-19 is collected through media and web sources to analyze and investigate a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equation to understand the outbreaks of this epidemic *** analyze the diseases free and endemic equilibrium point including stability of the *** certain threshold value of the basic reproduction number R0 is found to observe whether population is in disease free state or endemic ***,the epidemic peak has been obtained and we expect a considerable number of ***,some numerical results are presented which show the effect of parameters estimation and different step size on our obtained solutions at the real data of some countries to check the actual behavior of the COVID-19 at different countries.

关键词： Epidemic model COVID-19 parameter estimation reproductive number stability analysis

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Influence of Partial Coherent Light on the Transmission Spectrum and Goos-H?nchen Shift in Rydberg Atomic Medium

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第3期71卷 281-286页

作者： Dilawar Ali muhammad umer Iftikhar Muqaddar Abbas Ziauddin Quantum Optics Laboratory Department of Physics COMSATS University

A cold atomic medium(Rydberg medium) with cascade configuration under the blockade mechanism is considered. A partial coherent light(PCL) beam is incident on the medium, which makes an angle θ with z-axis. We study the influence of PCL field on the transmission spectrum and find high transmission of probe field for PCL ***, it is investigated that the transparency of probe field decrease for coherent light field. The transmission of probe field is also studied via beam width of PCL field and investigated high transmission of probe field for small beam width and vice versa. Interestingly, the Goos-H?nchen shift(GHS) in the transmitted light(TL) is studied for PCL field. Large negative and positive GHS in the TL are investigated for PCL field and small beam width of PCL field.

关键词： partial coherent light transmission spectrum Goos-Hanchen shift

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Customer Prioritization for Medical Supply Chain During COVID-19 Pandemic

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 59-72页

作者： Iram Mushtaq muhammad umer muhammad Imran Inzamam Mashood Nasir Ghulam muhammad Mohammad Shorfuzzaman Department of Management Sciences Sir Syed CASE Institute of Technology45230IslamabadPakistan Department of Operation&Supply Chain Management NUST Business SchoolNational University of Sciences&Technology45200IslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

During COVID-19,the escalated demand for various pharmaceutical products with the existing production capacity of pharmaceutical companies has stirred the need to prioritize its customers in order to fulfill their *** study considers a two-echelon pharmaceutical supply chain considering various pharma-distributors as its suppliers and hospitals,pharmacies,and retail stores as its *** studies have generally considered a balanced situation in terms of supply and demand whereas this study considers a special situation of COVID-19 pandemic where demand exceeds supply Various criteria have been identified from the literature that influences the selection of customers.A questionnaire has been developed to collect primary data from pharmaceutical suppliers pertaining to customerselection *** criteria have been prioritized with respect to eigenvalues obtained from Principal Component Analysis and also validated with the experts’domain-related knowledge using Analytical Hierarchy *** potential appeared to be the most important criteria of customer selection followed by trust and service convenience brand loyalty,commitment,brand awareness,brand image,sustainable behavior,and ***,Multi Criteria Decision Analysis has been performed to prioritize the customerselection criteria and customers with respect to selection *** experts with seven and three and ten years of experience have participated in the *** of the study suggest large hospitals,large pharmacies,and small retail stores are the highly preferred ***,findings of prioritization of customer-selection criteria fromboth Principal Component Analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process are ***,this study considers the experience of three experts to calculate an aggregate score of priorities to reach an effective *** traditional supply chain problems of supplier selection,this study considers a selection

关键词： Pandemic customer prioritization pharmaceutical supply chain principal component analysis multi-criteria decision-making

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Epidemiological Analysis of the Coronavirus Disease Outbreak with Random Effects

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3215-3227页

作者： muhammad Farman Aqeel Ahmad Ali Akgül muhammad umer Saleem muhammad Naeem Dumitru Baleanu Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Art and ScienceSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Turkey Department of Mathematics University of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Economics and Business Administration University of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgat06530Turkey Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-BucharestR76900Romania Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

Today,coronavirus appears as a serious challenge to the whole *** data of coronavirus is collected through media and web sources for the purpose of *** data on COVID-19 are available daily,yet information about the biological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 remains limited,and uncertainty remains around nearly all its parameters’*** research provides the scientic and public health communities better resources,knowledge,and tools to improve their ability to control the infectious *** the publicly available data on the ongoing pandemic,the present study investigates the incubation period and other time intervals that govern the epidemiological dynamics of the COVID-19 *** of the testing hypotheses for different countries with a 95%level of condence,and descriptive statistics have been calculated to analyze in which region will COVID-19 fall according to the tested hypothesized mean of different *** results will be helpful in decision making as well as in further mathematical analysis and control *** tools are used to investigate this pandemic,which will be useful for further *** testing of the hypothesis is done for the differences in various effects including standard *** in states’variables are observed over *** rapid outbreak of coronavirus can be stopped by reducing its *** should maintain safe distance and follow precautionary measures regarding COVID-19 transmission.

关键词： Covid-19 infectious disease statistical analysis p-value epidemiology hypothesis

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Real-Time Safety Helmet Detection Using Yolov5 at Construction Sites

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 911-927页

作者： Kisaezehra muhammad umer Farooq muhammad Aslam Bhutto Abdul Karim Kazi Department of Computer Science and Information Technology NED University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering NED University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan

The construction industry has always remained the economic and social backbone of any country in the world where occupational health and safety(OHS)is of prime *** in other developing countries,this industry pays very little,rather negligible attention to OHS practices in Pakistan,resulting in the occurrence of a wide variety of accidents,mishaps,and near-misses every *** of the major causes of such mishaps is the non-wearing of safety helmets(hard hats)at construction sites where falling objects from a height are *** most cases,this leads to serious brain injuries in people present at the site in general and the workers in *** is one of the leading causes of human fatalities at construction *** the United States,the Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA)requires construction companies through safety laws to ensure the use of well-deﬁned personal protective equipment(PPE).It has long been a problem to ensure the use of PPE because round-the-clock human monitoring is not ***,such monitoring through technological aids or automated tools is very much *** present study describes a systema-tic strategy based on deep learning(DL)models built on the You-Only-Look-Once(YOLOV5)architecture that could be used for monitoring workers’hard hats in *** can indicate whether a worker is wearing a hat or *** proposed system usesﬁve different models of the YOLOV5,namely YOLOV5n,YOLOv5s,YOLOv5 m,YOLOv5l,and YOLOv5x for object detection with the support of PyTorch,involving 7063 *** results of the study show that among the DL models,the YOLOV5x has a high performance of 95.8%in terms of the mAP,while the YOLOV5n has the fastest detection speed of 70.4 frames per second(FPS).The proposed model can be successfully used in practice to recognize the hard hat worn by a worker.

关键词： Object detection computer-vision personal protective equipment(PPE) deep learning industry revolution(IR)4.0 safety helmet detection

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On Riemann-Type Weighted Fractional Operators and Solutions to Cauchy Problems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 901-919页

作者： muhammad Samraiz muhammad umer Thabet Abdeljawad Saima Naheed Gauhar Rahman Kamal Shah Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaP.O.Box 40100Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara University MansehraMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of MalakandChakdara Dir(L)KPK18000Pakistan

In this paper,we establish the new forms of Riemann-type fractional integral and derivative *** novel fractional integral operator is proved to be bounded in Lebesgue space and some classical fractional integral and differential operators are obtained as special *** properties of new operators like semi-group,inverse and certain others are discussed and its weighted Laplace transform is *** integro-differential freeelectron laser(FEL)and kinetic equations are *** solutions to these new equations are obtained by using the modified weighted Laplace *** Cauchy problem and a growth model are designed as applications along with graphical ***,the conclusion section indicates future directions to the readers.

关键词： Weighted fractional operators weighted laplace transform integro-differential free-electron laser equation kinetic differ-integral equation

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A Deep Learning Approach for Prediction of Protein Secondary Structure

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3705-3718页

作者： muhammad Zubair muhammad Kashif Hanif Eatedal Alabdulkreem Yazeed Ghadi muhammad Irfan Khan muhammad umer Sarwar Ayesha Hanif Department of Computer Science Government College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering/Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

The secondary structure of a protein is critical for establishing a link between the protein primary and tertiary *** this reason,it is important to design methods for accurate protein secondary structure *** of the existing computational techniques for protein structural and functional prediction are based onmachine learning with *** deep learning architectures have already been applied to tackle protein secondary structure prediction *** this study,deep learning based models,i.e.,convolutional neural network and long short-term memory for protein secondary structure prediction were *** input to proposed models is amino acid sequences which were derived from CulledPDB *** tuning with cross validation was employed to attain best parameters for the proposed *** proposed models enables effective processing of amino acids and attain approximately 87.05%and 87.47%Q3 accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction for convolutional neural network and long short-term memory models,respectively.

关键词： Convolutional neural network machine learning protein secondary structure deep learning long short-term memory protein secondary structure prediction

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Optimizing Power Allocation for D2D Communication with URLLC under Rician Fading Channel:A Learning-to-Optimize Approach

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第9期37卷 3193-3212页

作者： Owais muhammad Hong Jiang Mushtaq muhammad umer Bilal muhammad Naeem muhammad Ahtsam School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China School of Software Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110167China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and TechnologyChengdu610000China

To meet the high-performance requirements of fifth-generation(5G)and sixth-generation(6G)wireless networks,in particular,ultra-reliable and low-latency communication(URLLC)is considered to be one of the most important communication scenarios in a wireless *** this paper,we consider the effects of the Rician fading channel on the performance of cooperative device-to-device(D2D)communication with *** better performance,we maximize and examine the system’s minimal rate of D2D *** to the interference in D2D communication,the problem of maximizing the minimum rate becomes non-convex and difficult to *** solve this problem,a learning-to-optimize-based algorithm is proposed to find the optimal power *** conventional branch and bound(BB)algorithm are used to learn the optimal pruning policy with supervised *** learning is used to train the multiple *** address the imbalanced problem,we used the supervised undersampling *** are made with the conventional BB algorithm and the heuristic *** outcome of the simulation demonstrates a notable performance improvement in power *** proposed algorithm has significantly low computational complexity and runs faster as compared to the conventional BB algorithm and a heuristic algorithm.

关键词： D2D URLLC rician fading supervised learning

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