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Vision based intelligent traffic light management system using Faster R‐CNN

CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 932-947页

作者： Syed Konain Abbas muhammad Usman Ghani Khan Jia Zhu Raheem Sarwar Naif R.Aljohani Ibrahim A.Hameed muhammad umair hassan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina OTHEM Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of ICT and Natural Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)ÅlesundNorway

Transportation systems primarily depend on vehicular flow on roads. Developed coun-tries have shifted towards automated signal control, which manages and updates signal synchronisation automatically. In contrast, traffic in underdeveloped countries is mainly governed by manual traffic light systems. These existing manual systems lead to numerous issues, wasting substantial resources such as time, energy, and fuel, as they cannot make real‐time decisions. In this work, we propose an algorithm to determine traffic signal durations based on real‐time vehicle density, obtained from live closed circuit television camera feeds adjacent to traffic signals. The algorithm automates the traffic light system, making decisions based on vehicle density and employing Faster R‐CNN for vehicle detection. Additionally, we have created a local dataset from live streams of Punjab Safe City cameras in collaboration with the local police authority. The proposed algorithm achieves a class accuracy of 96.6% and a vehicle detection accuracy of 95.7%. Across both day and night modes, our proposed method maintains an average precision, recall, F1 score, and vehicle detection accuracy of 0.94, 0.98, 0.96 and 0.95, respectively. Our proposed work surpasses all evaluation metrics compared to state‐of‐the‐art methodologies.

关键词： access control artificial intelligence computer vision intelligent control

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Morpho-anatomical adaptations of dominantly grown wild Datura inoxia to wastewater resource:Productivity and ecological issues

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 248-258页

作者： Taimoor hassan Farooq Shagufta Jabeen Awais Shakoor muhammad Saleem Arif Nadia Siddique Khuram Shahzad muhammad umair Riaz Yong Li Bangor College China a Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004HunanChina Department of Botany The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW 2751Australia Department of Environmental Sciences Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Forestry Rangeand Wildlife ManagementThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004HunanChina

With the increasing global water scarcity,wastewater irrigation has become widespread,but it can have detrimental ecological *** wastewater contains valuable nutrients for plants,improper treatment or the use of untreated wastewater in irrigation can negatively impact soil fertility and plant *** study is divided into two parts:firstly,a phytosociological survey was conducted to identify plant species with the highest importance value index(IVI)in the vicinity of wastewaterirrigated ***,a comparative morpho-anatomical analysis was carried out to investigate the morpho-anatomical adaptations of the species with the highest IVI under wastewater irrigation compared to normal water *** results of the phytosociological survey revealed the presence of 51 plant species in the vicinity of the wastewater-irrigated areas,with varying relative densities and *** inoxia exhibited the highest IVI(28.79),followed by Xanthium strumarium(24.34),while Lippia nodiflora showed the lowest IVI(1.86).The morphological growth of *** was superior under normal water irrigation,but the average root length was greater under wastewater *** cell anatomy,cell thickness and cell area characteristics in the dermal,ground,and vascular tissues of the stem and root tended to be greater under wastewater ***,the opposite trend was observed in leaf anatomical analysis,possibly due to the combined effect of wastewater and climatic *** and root xylem thickness were greater under wastewater irrigation,whereas phloem thickness was higher under normal water *** number of vascular bundles in the stem,root,and leaf was higher under wastewater treatment compared to normal water irrigation,but their arrangement was circular in the latter and scattered under wastewater *** inoxia demonstrated strong adaptive potential under wastewater irrigation,as indicated by its highest relative d

关键词： Water pollution Phytosociology Structural growth Phytoremediation Agricultural irrigation Ecological concerns

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Influence of Seedling Age and Nitrogen Rates on Productivity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>L.): A Review

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 1361-1369页

作者： muhammad Mahran Aslam muhammad Zeeshan Ayesha Irum muhammad umair hassan Saif Ali Rashid Hussain Pia muhammad Adnan Ramzani muhammad Farhan Rashid Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Science University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Horticultural Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Rice is an important crop and the food security of the world is strongly associated with it as it is the staple food of half of the world’s population. Among various agro-management practices seedling age and nitrogen rates significantly affected its growth, development and yield components. Rice cultivars performed differently when transplanted in field at varying seedling ages depending upon their genetic makeup and adoptability to certain environmental conditions. Seedling age plays an important role in yield contributing parameters like number of productive tillers, panicle length, filled grains panicle-1 and 1000-kernel weight leading to higher paddy yield in different rice cultivars and hybrids. Nitrogen is required in huge quantity in rice production as it is an important constituent of plant parts and processes. Paddy yield increases significantly with the increase in nitrogen rate but after a certain limit yield starts decreasing. Keeping in view the significance of seedling age and nitrogen rates in different rice cultivars and hybrids, an effort has been made to review some research work already conducted and will be helpful to the researchers and scientists to plan future strategies.

关键词： Hybrid Rice Seedling Age Nitrogen Rates Paddy Yield

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Implications of electrode modifications in aqueous organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 499-510,I0011页

作者： Zahid Manzoor Bhat Mohammad Furquan muhammad Aurang Zeb Gul Sial umair Alam Atif Saeed Alzahrani Mohammad Qamar Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management(IRC-HTCM) King Fahd University of Petroleum&Minerals(KFUPM)Dhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Materials Science and Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems(IRC-SES) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

Aqueous organic redox flow batteries(RFBs)exhibit favorable characteristics,such as tunability,multielectron transfer capability,and stability of the redox active molecules utilized as anolytes and catholytes,making them very viable contenders for large-scale grid storage *** attention has been paid on the development of efficient redox-active molecules and their performance optimization through chemical substitutions at various places on the backbone as part of the pursuit for high-performance *** the fact that electrodes are vital to optimal performance,they have not garnered significant *** research has been conducted on the effects of electrode modifications to improve the performance of *** primary emphasis has been given on the impact of electrode engineering to augment the efficiency of aqueous organic *** overview of electron transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface is *** implications of electrode modification on the performance of redox flow batteries,with a particular focus on the anodic and cathodic half-cells separately,are then *** each section,significant discrepancies surrounding the effects of electrode engineering are thoroughly examined and ***,we have presented a comprehensive assessment along with our perspectives on the future trajectory.

关键词： Redox flow batteries Electrode modification Organic redox molecules Outer sphere and inner sphere

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Circulating tumor DNA and its role in detection, prognosis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第2期36卷 195-214页

作者： Sana Rashid Yingchuan Sun umair Ali Khan Saddozai Sikandar Hayyat muhammad Usman Munir muhammad Usman Akbar muhammad Babar Khawar Zhiguang Ren Xinying Ji Malik Ihsan Ullah Khan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of LahoreLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Internal Oncology(Section Ⅰ) Xuchang Municipal Central HospitalXuchang 461000China Institute of Translational Medicine Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001China Australian Institute for Bioengineering&Nanotechnology the University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29111Pakistan Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowal Punjab 51600Pakistan Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory for Infection and Biosafety Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects Shu-Qing Medical College of ZhengzhouZhengzhou 450064China Department of Medicine Huaxian County People's HospitalHuaxian 456400China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is considered the fifth most prevalent cancer among all types of cancers and has the third most morbidity value. It has the most frequent duplication time and a high recurrence rate. Recently, the most unique technique used is liquid biopsies, which carry many markers;the most prominent is circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA). Varied methods are used to investigate ctDNA, including various forms of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) [emulsion PCR(ePCR), digital PCR(dPCR), and bead, emulsion, amplification, magnetic(BEAMing) PCR]. Hence ctDNA is being recognized as a potential biomarker that permits early cancer detection,treatment monitoring, and predictive data on tumor burden are subjective to therapy or surgery. Numerous ctDNA biomarkers have been investigated based on their alterations such as 1) single nucleotide variations(either insertion or deletion of a nucleotide) markers including TP53, KRAS, and CCND1;2) copy number variations which include markers such as CDK6, EFGR, MYC and BRAF;3) DNA methylation(RASSF1A, SEPT9, KMT2C and CCNA2);4) homozygous mutation includes ctDNA markers as CDKN2A, AXIN1;and 5) gain or loss of function of the genes, particularly for HCC. Various researchers have conducted many studies and gotten fruitful ***, there are some drawbacks to ctDNA namely low quantity, fragment heterogeneity, less stability, limited mutant copies and standards, and differential sensitivity. However, plenty of investigations demonstrate ctDNA's significance as a polyvalent biomarker for cancer and can be viewed as a future diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic agent. This article overviews many conditions in genetic changes linked to the onset and development of HCC, such as dysregulated signaling pathways, somatic mutations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and genomic instability. Additionally, efforts are also made to develop treatments for HCC that are molecularly targeted and to unravel some of the genetic pathways that f

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers single nucleotide variations diagnosis prognosis

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ATM is a Prognostic Biomarker of Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 121-135页

作者： muhammad umair Abid Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan

This review examines the role of ATM expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).Analysis revealed significant overexpression of ATM in HNSCC cells compared to normal control samples,suggesting its involvement in cancer *** expression was notably upregulated across various clinical parameters,including different stages of cancer,racial groups,genders,and age groups,highlighting its role in cancer *** using the GEPIA2 tool confirmed strong ATM expression throughout all four stages of HNSCC,with the highest levels in stage II and the lowest in stage *** methylation analysis of ATM showed distinct patterns across different demographics and cancer stages,reinforcing its *** study also explored the relationship between ATM expression and patient outcomes using the KM plotter tool,finding that high ATM expression was associated with better overall survival(OS),while low ATM expression correlated with better disease-free survival(DFS).Genetic mutation analysis via cBioPortal identified minimal ATM mutations in HNSCC,including in-frame,splice,truncating,and missense mutations,suggesting their role in ATM *** STRING tool was used to construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,revealing that the ATM gene interacts with ten key genes(NBN,ATR,CHEK2,MDC1,MSH2,MSH6,MRE11,TP53,TP53BP1,BRCA1),indicating its involvement in various biological *** annotation of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)through the DAVID web server revealed their participation in critical biological processes,including double-strand break repair,cellular response to DNA damage,and DNA damage *** pathway analysis further linked DEGs to cellular senescence,platinum drug resistance,homologous recombination,p53 signaling,and the cell cycle,underscoring ATM’s multifaceted role in HNSCC.

关键词： Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Diagnosis Treatment Biomarker

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GINS1 as a Novel Biomarker of Survival in Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients-A Secondary Publication

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第3期8卷 60-67页

作者： muhammad umair Abid Yasir Hameed Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan

The study focused on elaborating the role of GINS1 expression and its regulatory mechanisms in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Using the UALCAN informational index, GINS1 expression assessment unveiled a critical up- regulation in malignant cells that stood out from normal controls, suggesting its contribution to COAD expansion. Further dismantling GINS1 expression across various boundaries revealed unsurprising up-regulation in different malignant development stages, racial groups, genders, and age classes in COAD patients, characteristics for its imperative role in cancer progression. Moreover, this study investigated the promoter methylation status of GINS1, uncovering a critical uniqueness between COAD samples and normal controls. Analyzing promoter methylation across various clinical boundaries uncovered powerful variations, with particular methylation patterns seen across cancer stages, race groups, genders, and age groups. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter tool showed a colossal connection between GINS1 expression levels and overall survival (OS) in COAD patients, with low GINS1 expression interfacing with higher OS. Additionally, mutational examination using the cBioPortal stage revealed that no critical change was found in COAD. Overall, these findings revealed the complex contribution of GINS1 in COAD pathogenesis, underlining its actual limit as a prognostic biomarker and supportive therapeutic agent in COAD management.

关键词： Colon adenocarcinoma Diagnosis Treatment

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Thermo-bioconvection transport of nanofluid over an inclined stretching cylinder with Cattaneo–Christov double-diffusion

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第7期73卷 47-58页

作者： hassan Waqas umair Manzoor Taseer muhammad Sajjad Hussain Department of Mathematics Government College University FaisalabadLayyah Campus 31200Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia Mathematical Modelling and Applied Computation Research Group(MMAC) Department of MathematicsKing Abdulaziz UniversityPO Box 80203Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

In this paper,Newtonian nanofluid flow is observed under the effects of the magnetic field,activation energy and motile microorganisms over an inclined stretchable *** magnificent aspects of nanoliquid are demonstrated by enduring the Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusion *** higher order partial differential equations are transformed into first-order ordinary differential equations with suitable similarity *** attained sets of governing equations are then cracked by bvp4 c procedure in MATLAB mathematical *** numerical and graphical outcomes of controlling parameters such as Prandtl number,mixed convection,activation energy,thermophoresis,Brownian parameter,Biot number,Lewis number,Peclet number and motile concentration parameter against the velocity,temperature,volumetric concentration and motile concentration of nanoparticles of the fluid are *** velocity is enhanced with the growth valuation in mixed convection and decay by rising variation of buoyancy ratio parameter,magnetic parameter and bio-convective Rayleigh *** evolution in motile microorganisms is due to the increasing values of microorganisms Biot *** presented data can be helpful in enhancement of manufacturing processes,biomolecules,extrusion systems applications and energy production improvement.

关键词： bio-convection magnetic-nanofluid Cattaneo–Christov theory motile microorganisms inclined stretching cylinder

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CARM:Context Based Association Rule Mining for Conventional Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3305-3322页

作者： muhammad Shaheen umair Abdullah Faculty of Engineering&Information Technology Foundation UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science Barani Institute of Information TechnologyRawalpindiPakistan

This paper is aimed to develop an algorithm for extracting association rules,called Context-Based Association Rule Mining algorithm(CARM),which can be regarded as an extension of the Context-Based Positive and Negative Association Rule Mining algorithm(CBPNARM).CBPNARM was developed to extract positive and negative association rules from Spatiotemporal(space-time)data only,while the proposed algorithm can be applied to both spatial and non-spatial *** proposed algorithm is applied to the energy dataset to classify a country’s energy development by uncovering the enthralling interdependencies between the set of variables to get positive and negative *** association rules related to sustainable energy development are extracted by the proposed algorithm that needs to be pruned by some pruning *** context,in this paper serves as a pruning measure to extract pertinent association rules from non-spatial *** Probability Increment Ratio(CPIR)is also added in the proposed algorithm that was not used in *** inclusion of the context variable and CPIR resulted in fewer rules and improved robustness and ease of ***,the extraction of a common negative frequent itemset in CARM is different from that of *** rules created by the proposed algorithm are more meaningful,significant,relevant and *** accuracy of the proposed algorithm is compared with the Apriori,PNARM and CBPNARM *** results demonstrated enhanced accuracy,relevance and timeliness.

关键词： Association rules context CBPNARM non-spatial data CPIR support confidence interestingness

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Wolbachia pipientis:A potential candidate for combating and eradicating dengue epidemics in Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第12期8卷 963-973页

作者： Uruj Tahir umair hassan Khan muhammad Saad Zubair Bahar-e-Mustafa Department of Environmental Sciences Fatima Jinnah Women University Department of Microbiology.University of Agriculture Faisalabad Department of Microbiology.Government College University Faisalabad

Dengue virus syndrome is an emerging global health challenge which is endemic in tropical countries like *** recent years dengue incidences have increased considerably in different areas of Pakistan with more sever impacts on urban and peri-urban *** review is an effort to highlight the changing epidemiology of dengue fever,role of Government of Pakistan in disease management and control using preventive and community based approaches in the ***,there is an emphasis on application of Wolbachia as novel,inexpeasive and environmentally benign candidate for control and eradication of dengue transmitting vectors.

关键词： Dengue Pakistan Antiviral agents Chemical methods

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