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Ethnobotanical profiling of the medicinal flora of Kotli,Azad Jammu and Kashmir,Pakistan:Empirical reflections on multinomial logit specifications

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 478-488页

作者： muhammad shoaib amjad muhammad Arshad Abdul Saboor Sue Page Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Department of Economics PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Geography University of Leicester

Objective:To report the indigenous people's uses of plants from a multidimensional perspective in a remote area where strong ethnobotanical cultural practices prevail. Methods:An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the field during 2014-2016. Ethnobotanical data were gathered from 182 informants through oral interviews and semi-structured questionnaires. The distribution of plants was explored using both descriptive and graphical methods. Further,a Multinomial Logit Specification was applied to find out the probability of the occurrence of diverse utilization of plants in multipurpose domains. Results:The study identified 202 plant species distributed among 71 families and 156 genera. Ethnobotanical data indicate that there are more medicinal(36.96%) uses of plants as compared to all other use categories. The output from the Multinomial Logit Specifications(MLS) model reveals that perennial and non-woody plants are exploited more for medicinal and food uses than annual and woody plants. In the context of ethnomedicinal uses,aerial plant parts particularly leaves are more extensively used for the preparation of herbal recipes as compared to underground parts. Conclusions:The results of the study emphasize the need to create awareness among the local communities about the conservation status of plant species in order to maintain a sustainable resource of plant-derived materials into the future. The novel econometric approach employed in this study adds a new insightful methodology to the existing body of literature in the field of ethnobotany. We strongly recommend conservation measures,alongside phytochemical and pharmacological studies on the useful plant species identified in this study in order to ensure their sustainable and effective utilization.

关键词： Ethnobotany Medicinal uses Multinomial logit Kotli Azad Kashmir Pakistan

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Ethnobotanical profiling and floristic diversity of Bana Valley, Kotli(Azad Jammu and Kashmir), Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第4期5卷 292-299页

作者： muhammad shoaib amjad Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Bagh Department of Botany PMAS-University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi Pakistan

Objective: To document the medicinal and other folk uses of native plants of the Bana Valley of district of Kotli-Azad Jammu Kashmir with a view to preserve the ethnobotanical knowledge of this area and to develop an ethnobotanical inventory of the species diversity.Methods: The fieldwork was conducted during a period of one year. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaire and interview of the informants including indigenous people, tribal people, and traditional health practitioners residing in the study area.Results: The present study documented etnobotanical uses of 86 plant species belonging to81 genera and 47 families. This study revealed that most of the species were used medicinally(74 spp; 42.29%). Leaves found to be the most frequently used part(56 spp., 36.13%) for preparation of indigenous recipes and fodder purpose.Conclusions: The current research provides a huge lump of ethnobotanical knowledge and depicts strong human-plant interaction. It is an urgent need to document indigenous uses of plants for future domestication.

关键词： Ethnobotany Bana Valley Indigenous knowledge Conservation

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Ethnobotanical inventory and medicinal uses of some important woody plant species of Kotli,Azad Kashmir,Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第12期4卷 952-958页

作者： muhammad shoaib amjad muhammad Arshad Department of Botany PMAS-University of Arid Agriculture

Objective:To document ethnobotanical informations of useful woody plant species in the region of Kotli,Azad Kashmir.Methods:An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Kotli.Data were collected by interview and semi structured questionnaire from selected local informants and traditional practitioners as well as by field assessment.Results:The present study documented the etnobotanical uses of 33 woody plant species.Most of the species have been used for dual purpose.Only 5 species are used for one purpose.Study revealed all species have medicinal value,among which 21 were used as fuel wood species,16 as fodder species,4 as timber wood species,12 as edible fruit species,6 as fence or hedge plant,7 as ornamental species and 12 species had other uses.Conclusions:Medicinal plants are still widely used for health care by locals of Kotli.Some species of woodlands seem to be vulnerable to overcollection and deforestation.As the young generation is diverted toward allelopathic medicines,ethnobotanical knowledges of important medicinal plants are restricted to the old people only.It is suggested to close the forest of district Kotli for next two to three decades for the conservation of plant biodiversity.

关键词： woody medicinal timber edible restricted medicines Pakistan ornamental interview questionnaire

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Ethnobotanical inventory and folk uses of indigenous plants from Pir Nasoora National Park,Azad Jammu and Kashmir

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第3期5卷 234-241页

作者： muhammad shoaib amjad muhammad Arshad Rahmatullah Qureshi Department of Botany PMAS-University of Arid Agriculture Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Objective:To document the medicinal and other folk uses of native plants of the area with a view to preserve the ethnobotanical knowledge associated with this area.Methods:The fieldwork was conducted during a period of one year.Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and interviews with indigenous tribal people and traditional health practitioners residing in the study area.Results:The present study documented ethnobotanical uses of 104 plant species belonged to93 genera and 51 families.Results revealed that most of the documented species were used medicinally(78 spp..44.07%).Leaves were found to be the most frequently used part(69 spp..42.86%) for the preparation of indigenous recipes and for fodder.Conclusions:The current research contributes significantly to the ethnobotanical knowledge.and depicts a strong human-plant interaction.There is an urgent need to further document indigenous uses of plants for future domestication.

关键词： Ethnobotany Pir Nasoora Indigenous knowledge Conservation

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Ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry and cytotoxicity of emerging biotechnological tool:Mayapple(Podophyllum hexandrum L.:Berberidaceae)

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第8期3卷 652-657页

作者： Tazeen Ifthikar Butt muhammad shoaib amjad Department of Biotechnology Women University of Azad Jammu and KashmirBaghPakistan Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and KashmirBaghPakistan

Podophyllum hexandrum is a perennial herb and a valuable medicinal plant.Its common name is mayapple and is native to the lower elevations in and surrounding the Himalayan area of Pakistan.It has been used through the ages and in modern time as an intestinal purgative,inhibitor of tumor growth and salve for necrotic and infected wounds.Many important secondary metabolites have been reported to be extracted from the plant among which the most important one is podophyllotoxin as it possesses antitumor property which is used for the treatment of testicular cancer as well as lung cancer.The plant is very badly overexploited which causes decline in the frequency of this species in the past few years.It needs immediate attention for conservation by improving propagation techniques.This article reviews briefly the medicinal,phytochemical,pharmacological and conservation-related aspects of the plant.

关键词： Podophyllum hexandrum Ethnopharmacology Phytochemistry Cytotoxicity Mayapple

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The incredible queen of green:Nutritive value and therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera Lam.

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第9期3卷 744-751页

作者： muhammad shoaib amjad Huma Qureshi muhammad Arshad Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari Maria Masood Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and KashmirBaghPakistan Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan

Moringa oleifera,rightly called as the miracle tree,is the extensively grown and highly valuable species of Moringaceae family.The tree has a pantropical distribution with nativity to Indian subcontinent.Nutritionally and therapeutically,it is a highly valued plant.Vitamins,proteins,β-carotene,aminoacids and various phenolics such as β-sitosterol,caffeoylquinic acid,kaempferol,quercetin and zeatin with potential for nutritional and therapeutic applications are enriched in different plant parts.Different plant parts of this plant such as roots,leaves,bark,flowers,fruit of immature pods and seeds possess a number of therapeutic properties such as diuretic,antipyretic,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,antihypertensive,antitumor,antiulcer,antispasmodic,antidiabetic,cholesterol lowering,hepatoprotective and antimicrobial activities,and are being operational in various traditional medicine system for curing different health problems.Moringa is higly beneficial in depression,malnutrition,general weakness and osteoporosis.The present review is intended to emphasize the phytochemical constitution,traditional medicinal uses along pharmacological properties with the purpose to create public awareness regarding therapeutic and nutritive potential of this multipurpose tree as well as to facilitate the pharmacists and the researchers to fill the gap by exploring novel therapeutic compounds that will,of course,be in favor of humanity.

关键词： Moringa Nutritional value Pharmacological importance Quercitin

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Pharmacology and biochemistry of Polygonatum verticillatum:A review

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第5期4卷 406-415页

作者： Saboon Yamin Bibi muhammad Arshad Sidra Sabir muhammad shoaib amjad Ejaz Ahmed Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari Department of Botany PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and KashmirBaghPakistan

Polygonatum verticillatum(Linn.)All.syn.Convallaria verticillata Linn.is a valuable medicinal plant,distributed in the temperate Himalaya at the elevations 2400 to 2800 m.It is a perennial rhizomatous herb and contains various pharmacologically important secondary metabolites among which the most important areα-bulnesene,linalyl acetate,eicosadienoic,pentacosane,piperitone,docasane,diosgenin,santonin and calarene.It also possesses antimalarial,antipyretic,anti-inflammatory,anticonvulsant,lipoxygenase,urease inhibition,diuretic,tracheorelaxant,antidiarrheal,antispasmodic,antinociceptive,antifungal,antibacterial and bronchodilator activities.The plant also got importance in traditional systems of medicine due to its broad therapeutic potential especially of its rhizome.But in the past few years,over exploitation of plant parts caused the decline in the frequency of this species due to which it became threatened,endangered and vulnerable in different parts of the world.So efforts are being made in certain regions of the world for both ex-situ and in-situ conservation.This paper briefly reviewed the botanical,traditional,phytochemical,pharmacological and conservation related aspects of this plant.

关键词： Polygonatum verticillatum Solomon’s seal Threatened Pharmacology

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Clinical and therapeutic potential of Aconitum heterophyllum

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第12期3卷 1003-1005页

作者： Sadia Khurshid muhammad shoaib amjad Kainat Fatima Malik Sidra Sabir Saboon Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and KashmirBaghPakistan Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University IsalmabadPakistan

Aconitum heterophyllum is a plant that has very important medicinal value.Lots of phytochemical constituents(metabolites)are extracted from this plant,especially diterpene alkaloids which are the main compounds having pharmacological activities such as analgesic and anti-inflammatory.Study of the structures of these compounds was done by the technique of nuclear magnetic resonance.

关键词： Aconitum heterophyllum Phytochemical constituents Herbs

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Biotechnological leap in biopharmaceuticals:Current status and challenges ahead

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第1期5卷 36-46页

作者： Tazeen Iftikhar Butt muhammad shoaib amjad Tatheer Fatima Butt Wasi Haider Butt Kainat Fatima Malik Sidra Sabir Department of Biotechnology Women University of Azad Jammu&KashmirBaghPakistan Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu&KashmirBaghPakistan Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Department of Medicine Fatima Jinnah Medical UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Computer Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Plant Science Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan

Fermentation based vaccine production system is replaced by edible vaccine technology. Plant derived vaccines are produced by using transgenic plants which have immunogenic properties. For combating infectious diseases especially in developing countries there is a practical need of new technology to produce and deliver inexpensive vaccines. We have best option of plant derived edible vaccines. There are many benefits of plant derived vaccinesi.e. they are cheaper, simple and easy to administer, more stable, extra versatile, with more acceptance power and highly efficient. Some plant derived vaccines are under clinical trials to use commercially and many are under research. This paper reviews the current status and future of this technology.

关键词： Plant-based vaccine Recombinant protein Transgenic plant Broad immune protection

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A Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model for Epidemic Dynamics:A Numerical Study

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3417-3434页

作者： muhammad shoaib Arif Kamaleldin Abodayeh Yasir Nawaz Department of Mathematics and Sciences College of Humanities and SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

This study focuses on the urgent requirement for improved accuracy in diseasemodeling by introducing a newcomputational framework called the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model.By integrating the traditional Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered(SIR)modelwith fuzzy logic,ourmethod effectively addresses the complex nature of epidemic dynamics by accurately accounting for uncertainties and imprecisions in both data and model parameters.The main aim of this research is to provide a model for disease transmission using fuzzy theory,which can successfully address uncertainty in mathematical modeling.Our main emphasis is on the imprecise transmission rate parameter,utilizing a three-part description of its membership level.This enhances the representation of disease processes with greater complexity and tackles the difficulties related to quantifying uncertainty in mathematical models.We investigate equilibrium points for three separate scenarios and perform a comprehensive sensitivity analysis,providing insight into the complex correlation betweenmodel parameters and epidemic results.In order to facilitate a quantitative analysis of the fuzzy model,we propose the implementation of a resilient numerical scheme.The convergence study of the scheme demonstrates its trustworthiness,providing a conditionally positive solution,which represents a significant improvement compared to current forward Euler schemes.The numerical findings demonstrate themodel’s effectiveness in accurately representing the dynamics of disease transmission.Significantly,when the mortality coefficient rises,both the susceptible and infected populations decrease,highlighting the model’s sensitivity to important epidemiological factors.Moreover,there is a direct relationship between higher Holling type rate values and a decrease in the number of individuals who are infected,as well as an increase in the number of susceptible individuals.This correlation offers a significant understanding of how many elements affect the consequences of an epidemic.Our objective is to enh

关键词： Fuzzy-based model sensitivity equilibriumpoints proposed numerical scheme convergence and stability analysis

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