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Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks Applications and Its Challenges

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Communications and Network 2016年第3期8卷 131-136页

作者： Naeem Raza muhammad Umar Aftab muhammad qasim akbar Omair Ashraf muhammad Irfan Department of Computer Science and IT University of Sargodha Lyallpur Campus Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC University Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science NFC-IEFR Faisalabad Pakistan Land Record Management and Information System Faisalabad Pakistan

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is an infrastructure less wireless network of autonomous collection of mobile nodes (Smart phones, Laptops, iPads, PDAs etc.). Network is self-configured to reconstruct its topology and routing table information for the exchange of data packets on the joining and leaving of each node on ad-hoc basis. This paper is based on the MANET applications and challenges. The researchers can get the overall concept of MANET as well as its applications and challenges.

关键词： MANET MANET Challenges and Applications

The Correlation between Nutrition and Transport Mechanism under Abiotic Stress in Plants: A Comprehensive Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1325-1344页

作者： muhammad Saleem Jianhua Zhang muhammad qasim Rashid Iqbal Li Song Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Microelement Research Center College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

Variations in the nutrients and water that plants require for metabolism,development,and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis are the main causes of abiotic stress in *** has,however,hardly ever been studied how these transporter proteins,such as aquaporin which is responsible for food and water intake in cell plasma mem-branes,interact with one *** review aims to explore the interactions between nutrient transporters and aquaporins during water and nutrient *** also investigates how symbiotic relationships inﬂuence the plant genome’s responses to regulatory processes such as photoperiodism,senescence,and nitrogenﬁ*** responses are observed in reaction to various abiotic *** instance,plasma membrane transporters are upregulated during macronutrient insufﬁciency,tonoplast transporters are overexpressed,and aquaporins are downregulated in micronutrient deﬁ***,tolerant plants often exhibit increased expression of nutrient transporters and aquaporins in response to drought,salt,and cold *** better comprehend plant stress tolerance to abiotic challenges including starvation,K famine,salt,and freezing temperatures,both classes of nutrient and water transporters should be considered at the same time.

关键词： Nutrients abiotic stress aquaporin transporters

Modelling of debris-flow susceptibility and propagation: a case study from Northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 200-217页

作者： Hamza DAUD Javed Iqbal TANOLI Sardar muhammad ASIF muhammad qasim muhammad ALI Junaid KHAN Zahid Imran BHATTI Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan JADOON Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus 22010Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMascat 123Oman Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelian 22500Pakistan

The geological and geographical position of the Northwest Himalayas makes it a vulnerable area for mass movements particularly landslides and debris flows. Mass movements have had a substantial impact on the study area which is extending along Karakorum Highway(KKH) from Besham to Chilas. Intense seismicity, deep gorges, steep terrain and extreme climatic events trigger multiple mountain hazards along the KKH, among which debris flow is recognized as the most destructive geohazard. This study aims to prepare a field-based debris flow inventory map at a regional scale along a 200 km stretch from Besham to Chilas. A total of 117 debris flows were identified in the field, and subsequently, a point-based debris-flow inventory and catchment delineation were performed through Arc GIS analysis. Regional scale debris flow susceptibility and propagation maps were prepared using Weighted Overlay Method(WOM) and Flow-R technique sequentially. Predisposing factors include slope, slope aspect, elevation, Topographic Roughness Index(TRI), Topographic Wetness Index(TWI), stream buffer, distance to faults, lithology rainfall, curvature, and collapsed material layer. The dataset was randomly divided into training data(75%) and validation data(25%). Results were validated through the Receiver Operator Characteristics(ROC) curve. Results show that Area Under the Curve(AUC) using WOM model is 79.2%. Flow-R propagation of debris flow shows that the 13.15%, 22.94%, and 63.91% areas are very high, high, and low susceptible to debris flow respectively. The propagation predicated by Flow-R validates the naturally occurring debris flow propagation as observed in the field surveys. The output of this research will provide valuable input to the decision makers for the site selection, designing of the prevention system, and for the protection of current infrastructure.

关键词： North Pakistan Debris flow Flow-R Propagation Susceptibility mapping Debris-flow inventory Weighted Overlay Method

Improved Belief Propagation Decoder for LDPC-CRC-Polar Codes with Bit-Freezing

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China Communications 2024年第7期21卷 135-148页

作者： qasim Jan Yin Chao Pan Zhiwen muhammad Furqan Zakir Ali You Xiaohu National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211100China Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Peshawar Campus 25100Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Capital University of Science and Technology(CUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences Bahria University Lahore CampusPakistan

Though belief propagation bit-flip(BPBF)decoding improves the error correction performance of polar codes,it uses the exhaustive flips method to achieve the error correction performance of CA-SCL decoding,thus resulting in high decoding complexity and *** alleviate this issue,we incorporate the LDPC-CRC-Polar coding scheme with BPBF and propose an improved belief propagation decoder for LDPC-CRC-Polar codes with bit-freezing(LDPCCRC-Polar codes BPBFz).The proposed LDPCCRC-Polar codes BPBFz employs the LDPC code to ensure the reliability of the flipping set,i.e.,critical set(CS),and dynamically update *** modified CS is further utilized for the identification of error-prone *** proposed LDPC-CRC-Polar codes BPBFz obtains remarkable error correction performance and is comparable to that of the CA-SCL(L=16)decoder under medium-to-high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)*** gains up to 1.2dB and 0.9dB at a fixed BLER=10-4compared with BP and BPBF(CS-1),*** addition,the proposed LDPC-CRC-Polar codes BPBFz has lower decoding latency compared with CA-SCL and BPBF,i.e.,it is 15 times faster than CA-SCL(L=16)at high SNR regions.

关键词： belief propagation bit-flipping concatenated codes LDPC-CRC-Polar codes polar codes

A Local Differential Privacy Trajectory Protection Method Based on Temporal and Spatial Restrictions for Staying Detection

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 617-633页

作者： Weiqi Zhang Zhenzhen Xie Akshita Maradapu Vera Venkata Sai qasim Zia Zaobo He Guisheng Yin College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Computer Science Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA College of Information Science and Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

The widespread availability of GPS has opened up a whole new market that provides a plethora of location-based ***-based social networks have become very popular as they provide end users like us with several such services utilizing GPS through our ***,when users utilize these services,they inevitably expose personal information such as their ID and sensitive location to the *** to untrustworthy servers and malicious attackers with colossal background knowledge,users'personal information is at risk on these ***,many privacy-preserving solutions for protecting trajectories have significantly decreased utility after *** have come up with a new trajectory privacy protection solution that contraposes the area of interest for ***,Staying Points Detection Method based on Temporal-Spatial Restrictions(SPDM-TSR)is an interest area mining method based on temporal-spatial restrictions,which can clearly distinguish between staying and moving ***,our privacy protection mechanism focuses on the user's areas of interest rather than the entire ***,our proposed mechanism does not rely on third-party service providers and the attackers'background knowledge *** test our models on real datasets,and the results indicate that our proposed algorithm can provide a high standard privacy guarantee as well as data availability.

关键词： local-differential privacy stay points detection trajectory data areas of interest temporal-spatial clustering

Exploring Sustainable Energy Futures: Assessing the Viability of CanmetENERG’s Hydropower Initiatives in Cameroon

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第7期12卷 1-22页

作者： qasim Rauf Yanpin Li Anam Ashraf Department of Water Resources and Electric Power North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power NCWU Zhengzhou China School of Information Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power NCWU Zhengzhou China

This study examines how hydroelectric power projects, specifically the CanmetENERG initiative in Cameroon, play a crucial part in promoting sustainable development. Hydropower, seen as a cheap, local, and sustainable power source, is given top priority in government funding plans, especially in emerging nations. By making use of the RETScreen Clean Energy Project Analysis Software, the analysis examines the financial feasibility of different choices for CanmetENERG, emphasizing the importance of a holistic strategy that incorporates economic, environmental, and social factors in project development. The importance of factoring in environmental, social, and cultural aspects in project development is highlighted by the substantial influence of tunnel construction on total expenses. The paper suggests harnessing Cameroon’s unused hydroelectric capacity while following sustainable development principles and international standards. It emphasizes the need for a well-rounded strategy that focuses on economic sustainability in addition to environmental and social issues to guarantee Cameroon’s energy market can sustain itself. Moreover, the research emphasizes the continuing need for advancements in hydroelectric power through research and technology, encouraging cooperation between academia, industry, and policymakers. Community involvement and stakeholder engagement are considered essential for inclusive decision-making and socially responsible project development. It is advised to use adaptive management tactics to deal with changing environmental and socio-economic circumstances. The CanmetENERG case study showcases a model for responsible and sustainable hydropower development that boosts the country’s energy security and environmental resilience. Apart from this particular instance, the study provides more extensive perspectives on effective methods for sustainable energy development, emphasizing the difficulty of maintaining a good balance between energy security, e

关键词： Hydroelectricity Clean Energy Sustainable Development Cameroon Energy Management Strategy

Surface modification techniques of membranes to improve their antifouling characteristics:recent advancements and developments

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 1837-1865页

作者： muhammad Tawalbeh Haya Aljaghoub muhammad qasim Amani Al-Othman Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy&Power Systems Research Centre RISEUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Department University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering American University of SharjahSharjah 26666United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering Program College of Arts and SciencesAmerican University of SharjahSharjah 26666United Arab Emirates

Extensive research efforts are currently devoted to developing and improving conventional technologies for water treatment. Membrane-based water treatment technologies are among the most preferred options due to their commercial success, simple operation, low energy and space requirements, and high separation efficiency. Despite the advances made in membrane-based technologies, fouling remains a critical challenge. Fouling occurs upon the accumulation of unwanted impurities on the membrane surface and within the membrane pores which results in a significant decline in the membrane permeate flux. To alleviate the operational challenges from fouling, surface modification to develop antifouling membranes appears to be an effective technique. A comprehensive review of the surface modification techniques for the development of antifouling membranes is provided in this paper. Chemical surface modification techniques (grafting and plasma treatment), physical modification techniques (blending, coating, adsorption, and thermal treatment), and combined physical and chemical modification techniques have been discussed. Moreover, the challenges related to surface modification and the future research directions are addressed.

关键词： fouling antifouling membrane surface modification membrane pretreatment

Heat Transfer Enhancement of an Automobile Engine Radiator using ZnO Water Base Nanofluids

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第4期29卷 1010-1024页

作者： muhammad qasim muhammad SAJID KAMRAN muhammad AMMAR muhammad ALI JAMAL muhammad YASAR JAVAID Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Department of Chemical Engineering Technology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

In this research paper, the forced convective heat transfer enhancement of a Suzuki Mehran(VXR) 2016 radiator(heat exchanger) along with pressure drop and friction factor by utilizing Zinc oxide(Zn O) water based nanofluids has been experimentally studied. Three types of nanofluids with different volumetric concentrations of Zn O nanoparticles(0–0.3%) were employed in order to understand its effect on heat transfer enhancement. The experimental setup was completely designed as closely as possible to the car cooling system. The experimentation has been done under laminar flow conditions(186≤Re≤1127) at different fluid volume flow rates(2–12 L/min) and constant fluid inlet temperature(70°C) to the automobile radiator. A maximum enhancement in heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number was obtained up to 41%, 50% and 31% by using nanofluid with 0.2% volumetric concentration of nanoparticles respectively. On the other hand, the mean enhancement in pressure drop and friction factor was obtained up to 47% and 46% by using nanofluid with the same volumetric concentration of nanoparticles i.e. 0.2% respectively. The experimental results also revealed that the heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number of nanofluids increases by increasing the volume flow rates and volumetric concentration of nanoparticles. However, these thermal performance parameters of nanofluids started to decline when the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles was increased from 0.2% to 0.3%. Furthermore, pressure drop and friction factor of nanofluids increase by increasing the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles, while pressure drop increases and friction factor decreases by increasing the volume flow rate of nanofluids respectively. At the end, the thermal efficiency of automobile radiator with high cooling rates was obtained by using nanofluid with 0.2% volumetric concentration of nanoparticles.

关键词： ZnO nanoparticles heat transfer enhancement thermal efficiency automobile radiator

Identification of an S5^n allele in Oryza rufipogon Griff. and its effect on embryo sac fertility

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第13期55卷 1255-1262页

作者： SHAHID muhammad qasim Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural University

Oryza rufipogon exhibits abundant genetic diversity and contains many elite genes. In this work, a total of 441 accessions of O. rufipogon were genetically examined using the functional marker S5n, revealing that 18 accessions carried the S5n allele with a heterozygous genotype (S5nS5i/j). Of these accessions, 14 were from Guangdong Province, 2 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 1 from Hainan Province and 1 from Jiangxi Province. Further sequence analysis spanning both sides of the deletion in S5n allele of O. rufipogon confirmed that this allele is identical with that of 02428, a wide-compatibility variety of domesticated rice. The segregation ratio of the 3 genotypes (S5iS5i/S5jS5j:S5nS5i/j:S5nS5n) among 15 self-bred progenies of O. rufipogon significantly deviated from the Mendelian expectation (1:2:1) in that the proportion of plants exhibiting S5n heterozygous and homozygous genotypes was much lower in the progeny. Sequence analysis of full-length S5n alleles indicated that a few base pairs were different between O. rufipogon and O. sativa, and it was presumed that S5n may be an ancient allele. The fertility of the embryo sac in plants with an S5n heterozygous genotype was low, suggesting the existence of other genes controlling embryo sac fertility in the wild rice.

关键词：普通野生稻等位基因胚囊广西壮族自治区鉴定序列分析遗传多样性广亲和品种