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Broadband Access:Technologies,Drivers,and Issues

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China Communications 2007年第4期4卷 23-32页

作者： muhammad Khalil shahid School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Economic research shows that public infrastructure investment is a powerful driver of business productivity,investment,and economic *** paper discusses the drivers for broadband and analyses the various broadband access technologies and their respective market *** policy and regulatory issues are also *** access,along with its extended value-added services and applications,has now become the most important growth driver for fixed *** Subscriber Line(DSL) is the leading access technology due to already available copper infrastructure and WiMAX is emerging new technology,especially in Asia/Pacific(APAC) region,due to its speedy and low cost infrastructure deployment characteristics. Countries with high penetration of broadband users such as South Korea,Japan and Canada have all implemented conscious policies for the growth of broadband in their *** in APAC region,especially the developing countries,will have to play the leading role for broadband due to its importance in economic and social growth.

关键词： Broadband access DSL WiMAX APAC region

Identification of an S5^n allele in Oryza rufipogon Griff. and its effect on embryo sac fertility

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第13期55卷 1255-1262页

作者： shahid muhammad Qasim Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural University

Oryza rufipogon exhibits abundant genetic diversity and contains many elite genes. In this work, a total of 441 accessions of O. rufipogon were genetically examined using the functional marker S5n, revealing that 18 accessions carried the S5n allele with a heterozygous genotype (S5nS5i/j). Of these accessions, 14 were from Guangdong Province, 2 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 1 from Hainan Province and 1 from Jiangxi Province. Further sequence analysis spanning both sides of the deletion in S5n allele of O. rufipogon confirmed that this allele is identical with that of 02428, a wide-compatibility variety of domesticated rice. The segregation ratio of the 3 genotypes (S5iS5i/S5jS5j:S5nS5i/j:S5nS5n) among 15 self-bred progenies of O. rufipogon significantly deviated from the Mendelian expectation (1:2:1) in that the proportion of plants exhibiting S5n heterozygous and homozygous genotypes was much lower in the progeny. Sequence analysis of full-length S5n alleles indicated that a few base pairs were different between O. rufipogon and O. sativa, and it was presumed that S5n may be an ancient allele. The fertility of the embryo sac in plants with an S5n heterozygous genotype was low, suggesting the existence of other genes controlling embryo sac fertility in the wild rice.

关键词：普通野生稻等位基因胚囊广西壮族自治区鉴定序列分析遗传多样性广亲和品种

Spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher aggregation operators and their application on achieving consistent opinion fusion in group decision making

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2021年第4期14卷 550-579页

作者： muhammad Qiyas Saleem Abdullah muhammad naeem Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardanPakistan Abdul Wali Khan University MardanPakistanand Department of Preparatory Year Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

Purpose-The aim of this research is to establish a new type of aggregation operator based on Hamacher operational law of spherical uncertain linguistic numbers(SULNs).Design/methodology/approach-First,the authors define spherical uncertain linguistic sets and develop some operational laws of ***,the authors extended these operational laws to the aggregation operator and developed spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher averaging and geometric aggregation ***-The authors were limited in achieving a consistent opinion on the fusion in group decision-making problem with the SULN ***/value-In order to give an application of the introduced operators,the authors first constrict a system of multi-attribute decision-making algorithm.

关键词： Multi-attribute group decision making Spherical fuzzy set Spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher averaging operators Spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher geometric operators

Aggregation operators and CRITIC-VIKOR method for confidence complex q-rung orthopair normal fuzzy information and their applications

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第1期8卷 40-63页

作者： Tahir Mahmood Zeeshan Ali muhammad naeem Department of Mathematics and Statistics International Islamic University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Umm Al-Qura University MakkahSaudi Arabia

Supply chain management is an essential part of an organisation's sustainable *** the concentration of natural environment,public,and economic influence and feasibility of your suppliers and purchasers is becoming progressively familiar as all industries are moving towards a massive sustainable *** handle such sort of developments in supply chain management the involvement of fuzzy settings and their generalisations is playing an important *** in mind this role,the aim of this study is to analyse the role and involvement of complex q-rung orthopair normal fuzzy(CQRONF)information in supply chain *** major impact of this theory is to analyse the notion of confidence CQRONF weighted averaging,confidence CQRONF ordered weighted averaging,confidence CQRONF hybrid averaging,confidence CQRONF weighted geometric,confidence CQRONF ordered weighted geometric,confidence CQRONF hybrid geometric operators and try to diagnose various properties and ***,with the help of the CRITIC and VIKOR models,we diagnosed the novel theory of the CQRONF-CRITIC-VIKOR model to check the sensitivity analysis of the initiated ***,in the availability of diagnosed operators,we constructed a multi-attribute decision-making tool for finding a beneficial sustainable supplier to handle complex ***,the initiated operator's efficiency is proved by comparative analysis.

关键词： averaging/geometric aggregation operators complex q-rung orthopair normal fuzzy information confidence levels strategic decision-making methods

Numerical Simulation of Reiner–Rivlin Nanofluid Flow under the Influence of Thermal Radiation and Activation Energy over a Rotating Disk

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第6期131卷 1669-1692页

作者： Arfan Shahzad muhammad Imran muhammad Nawaz naeem Mohsan Raza Department of Mathematics Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Sciences&Humanities National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesChiniot-Faisalabad CampusFaisalabad38000Pakistan

In current study,the numerical computations of Reiner–Rivlin nanofluid flow through a rotational disk under the influence of thermal radiation and Arrhenius activation energy is *** innovative physical situations,the motile microorganisms are incorporated *** multiple slip effects are considered in the boundary *** bioconvection of motile microorganism is utilized alongside nanofluids to provide stability to enhanced thermal *** Bioconvection pattern in various nanoparticles accredits novel applications of biotechnology like the synthesis of biological polymers,biosensors,fuel cells,petroleum engineering,and the natural *** deploying some suitable similarity transformation functions,the governing partial differential equations(PDEs)of the flow problem are rehabilitated into dimensionless *** accomplished ordinary differential equations(ODEs)are solved numerically through the bvp4c scheme via a built-in function in computational MATLAB *** upshots of some prominent physical and bioconvection parameters including wall slip parameters,thermophoresis parameter,Brownian motion parameter,Reiner–Revlin nanofluid parameter,Prandtl number,Peclet number,Lewis number,bioconvection Lewis number,and the mixed convection parameter against velocity,temperature,nanoparticles concentration,and density of motile microorganism profiles are dichotomized and pondered through graphs and *** presented computations show that the velocity profiles are de-escalated by the wall slip parameters while the thermal and solutal fields are upgraded with augmentation in thermophoresis number and wall slip *** presence of thermal radiation enhances the temperature profile of *** concentration profile of nanoparticles is boosted by intensification in activation ***,the increasing values of bioconvection Lewis number and Peclet number decay the motile microorganisms’field.

关键词： Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid bioconvection motile swimming microorganisms rotational disk multiple slip conditions bvp4c

A Double-Branch Xception Architecture for Acute Hemorrhage Detection and Subtype Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3727-3744页

作者： muhammad naeem Akram muhammad Usman Yaseen muhammad Waqar muhammad Imran Aftab Hussain Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Capital University of Science&TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan

This study presents a deep learning model for efficient intracranial hemorrhage(ICH)detection and subtype classification on non-contrast head computed tomography(CT)*** refers to bleeding in the skull,leading to the most critical life-threatening health condition requiring rapid and accurate *** is classified as intra-axial hemorrhage(intraventricular,intraparenchymal)and extra-axial hemorrhage(subdural,epidural,subarachnoid)based on the bleeding location inside the *** computer-aided diagnoses(CAD)-based schemes have been proposed for ICH detection and classification at both slice and scan ***,these approaches performonly binary classification and suffer from a large number of parameters,which increase storage ***,the accuracy of brain hemorrhage detection in existing models is significantly low for medically critical *** overcome these problems,a fast and efficient system for the automatic detection of ICH is *** designed a double-branch model based on xception architecture that extracts spatial and instant features,concatenates them,and creates the 3D spatial context(common feature vectors)fed to a decision tree classifier for final *** data employed for the experimentation was gathered during the 2019 Radiologist Society of North America(RSNA)brain hemorrhage detection *** model outperformed benchmark models and achieved better accuracy in intraventricular(99.49%),subarachnoid(99.49%),intraparenchymal(99.10%),and subdural(98.09%)categories,thereby justifying the performance of the proposed double-branch xception architecture for ICH detection and classification.

关键词： Computed tomography convolutional neural networks intracranial hemorrhage xception architecture

Novel Decision Making Methodology under Pythagorean Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Einstein Aggregation Information

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1785-1811页

作者： Shahzaib Ashraf Bushra Batool muhammad naeem Institute of Mathematics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mathematics Deanship of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24382Saudi Arabia

This research proposes multicriteria decision-making(MCDM)-based real-time Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)transfusion *** testing phase of the methodology denotes the ability to stick to plastic surfaces,the upregulation and downregulation of certain surface protein markers,and lastly,the ability to differentiate into various cell ***,two scenarios of an enhanced dataset based on a medical perspective were created in the development phase to produce varying levels of ***,for real-timemonitoring ofCOVID-19 patients with different emergency levels(i.e.,mild,moderate,severe,and critical),an automated triage algorithmbased on a formal medical guideline is proposed,taking into account the improvement and deterioration procedures fromone level to the *** this strategy,Einstein aggregation information under the Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment(PyPHFE)is *** operations on PyPHFE such as Einstein sum,product,scalar multiplication,and their properties are ***,several Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein aggregation operators,namely the Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy weighted average(PyPHFWA)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric(PyPHFEWG)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted average(PyPHFEOWA)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric(PyPHFEOWG)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid average(PyPHFEHA)operator and Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid geometric(PyPHFEHG)operator are *** the above-mentioned operators are helpful in design the algorithm to tackle uncertainty in decision making *** last,a numerical case study of decision making is presented to demonstrate the applicability and validity of the proposed ***,the comparison of the existing and the proposed technique is

关键词： Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set aggregation operators decision making

Bioconvection Cross Diffusion Effects on MHD Flow of Nanofluids over Three Different Geometries with Melting

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第5期131卷 1023-1039页

作者： Tahir Kamran muhammad Imran muhammad N.naeem Mohsan Raza Department of Mathematics Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Currently,nanofluid is a hot area of interest for *** nanofluid with bioconvection phenomenon attracted the researchers owing to its numerous applications in the field of nanotechnology,microbiology,nuclear science,heat storage devices,biosensors,biotechnology,hydrogen bomb,engine of motors,cancer treatment,the atomic reactor,cooling of devices,and in many *** article presents the bioconvection cross-diffusion effects on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of nanofluids on three different geometries(cone,wedge,and plate)with mixed *** temperature-dependent thermal conductivity,thermal diffusivity,and Arrhenius activation energy applications are considered on the fluid flow with melting *** flow is analyzed under thermal and solutal Robin’s *** problem is formulated in the mathematical formulation of partial differential equations(PDEs).The similarity transformations are applied to diminish the governing nonlinear coupled boundary value problems into higher-order non-linear ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The resulting expressions/equation numerically tackled utilizing the famous bvp4c package by MATLAB for various interesting *** results were physically and numerically calculated through graphics and tables for the velocity field,energy distribution,nanoparticles concentration,and microorganisms profile for numerous *** the obtained results,we discern that the transfer of heat and mass coefficient is high over a plate and cone in the flow,*** velocity profile is reduced via a larger magnetic *** thermal conductivity enhances the thermal *** thermophoresis enhanced the concentration of *** microorganisms’Biot number boosts the microorganism’s profile.

关键词： MHD nano-fluids bioconvection heat flux MATLAB

Multi Criteria Decision Making for Evaluation and Ranking of Cancer Information

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4469-4481页

作者： shahid Mahmood muhammad Amin Mubashir Baig Mirza Salem Abu-Ghumsan muhammad Akram Zahid Mahmood Janjua Arslan shahid Usman shahid College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Avionics Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan University of Engineering&Technology Lahore56000Pakistan Systems International Lahore56000Pakistan Arif Memorial Hospital Lahore56000Pakistan University of Central Punjab Lahore56000Pakistan

Cancer is a disease that is rapidly expanding in prevalence all over the *** cells canmetastasize,or spread,across the body and impact several different cell ***,the incidence rates of several subtypes of cancer have been on the rise in *** countermeasures for the cancer disease can be taken by determining the specific expansion rate of each *** rank the various forms of cancer’s rate of progression,we used some of the available *** studies are available in the literature which show the growth rate of cancer by different *** accuracy of the scheme in determining the highest growth rate may vary due to the variation in the dependent *** the context of this research,the Fuzzy triangular technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS),is utilized to rank the various categorizations of cancer with the help of four groups of medical professionals acting in the capacity of *** number of decision-makers may variate according to the required accuracy of *** findings of the three-dimensional Fuzzy TOPSIS analysis categorize each variety of cancer according to the rate at which it spreads over *** results along with visual representation are presented to examine the efficiency of our proposed work.

关键词： Cancer fuzzy set TOPSIS triangular fuzzy number