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Chemical and Morphological Characteristics of Particulate Matter Suspended in the Air of the Dhaka University Area of Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2018年第2期7卷 95-106页

作者： muhammad Nurul Huda Shahid Akhtar Hossain Md Mominul Islam Md Fakrul Islam Air Quality Research and Monitoring Laboratory Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Soil Water and Environment University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Chemistry University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

Total suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the urban atmosphere of Dhaka city was collected using a high volume sampling technique for a period of one month (August 2017-September 2017). Chemical characterization of particulate matter (PM) was investigated, and characterized concerning the size distribution, morphological features such as count, total area, average size, perimeter, circularity, aspect ratio (AR), roundness;equivalent spherical diameter (ESD), surface area and volume of PM. The results of elemental analysis showed that the presence of heavy metal in PM was ten to hundred times higher than the standard value prescribed by WHO and USEPA. Several morphological analysis indicated that particles varying in shape from nearly spherical to various irregular shape, had higher surface energy, higher content of Cl and S bearing particles and had a large surface area which can cause greater damage to lungs. The presence of various organic compounds containing functional groups like alcohols, ketones aldehydes, carboxylic acids as well as unsaturated and saturated carbon bonds was observed by FT-IR analysis. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the PM. Agglomerates and shoots type particles were mostly seen in SPM.

关键词： Particulate Matter Fine Particle Morphology Heavy Metal Scanning Electron Microscope

A Study of Advanced Efficient Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Electric Propulsion and Energy Source

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第7期10卷 1-12页

作者： muhammad Yousaf Iqbal Tie Wang Guoxing Li Dongdong Chen Mohammad Mahbubur Al-Nehari School of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan China

Recently global warming and the depletion of fuel resources have accelerated researchers’ efforts to produce more efficient and clean alternatives. This research presents a comprehensive review of the different adjustments/con figurations of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), traction motors for power systems, and wireless speed control of traction drive. Electronic installation of technology can reduce pollution efficiently and effectively. The efficient operation has always been one of the most common investigators’ objectives in the automotive industry and academic areas. There are several renewable energy resources for hybrid vehicles that will replace depleted gasoline worldwide. The purpose of this paper is the development of more efficient pure EVs, HEVs, and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) present both a challenge and a definite solution to current mobility issues. Fuel consumption in cars is a concern due to the harmful effects on the environment. Among other battery sources, fuel cells (FC), super capacitors (SC), and photovoltaic cells are studied for vehicle application. A combination of these renewable energy sources can be used for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) in the next generation of transportation. With the significant progress of automobile technology, the hybrid electric vehicle has already become the main achievement of transportation electrification due to its excellent fuel-saving performance.

关键词： Alternative Energy Resources Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Electrifica-tion

Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs and Perceived Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome among Jordanian Patients

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Health 2016年第15期8卷 1830-1844页

作者： Nedal Alfasfos muhammad W. Darawad Basema Nofal Osama A. Samarkandi Basel Abdulqader Faculty of Nursing Alahliya Amman University Balqa Jordan Faculty of Nursing The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz College for Emergency Medical Services King Saud University Riyadh KSA California School of Health Sciences Garden Groove CA USA

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)-associated mortality is considered high and still raising, where outcomes can be improved through immediate treatment initiation. Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk are cognitive factors that can affect patient’s decision to seek care immediately. Therefore, this study aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and perceived risk for future ACS event among Jordanian ACS patients. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was used to conveniently recruit 160 ACS patients from CCUs and medical floors at three Jordanian hospitals using the Modified ACS Response Questionnaire. Results: Almost, 65% of participants had low level of ACS knowledge, specifically regarding untraditional ACS symptoms. Some negative attitudes and beliefs toward ACS were found. There was a moderate positive correlation between knowledge score and all of attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk score (r = 0.549, p Conclusion: Inadequate ACS knowledge, negative attitudes and beliefs toward ACS were associated with low perceived risk for future ACS event. Therefore, it is a priority to develop strategies that consider improving ACS patients’ knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk. This could be effective to enhance patient’s decision to seek care and reduce ominous outcomes.

关键词： Acute Coronary Syndrome Knowledge Attitudes Jordan

宝路和满适金种衣剂对玉米生长发育和产量的影响

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宝路和满适金种衣剂对玉米生长发育和产量的影响

作者：纳西（muhammad Rehman Naseer）吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究于2015和2016年在吉林省长春市吉林大学植物科学学院教学科研试验基地(45°15’N,127°02’E)进行。采用随机区组试验设计,设置宝路包衣(300ml/100kg),满适金包衣(150ml/100kg),和无包衣(对照)三个处理,每处理四次重复,共12个小... 详细信息

本研究于2015和2016年在吉林省长春市吉林大学植物科学学院教学科研试验基地(45°15’N,127°02’E)进行。采用随机区组试验设计,设置宝路包衣(300ml/100kg),满适金包衣(150ml/100kg),和无包衣(对照)三个处理,每处理四次重复,共12个小区。研究宝路和满适金种衣剂包衣对玉米生理代谢和产量的影响。结论如下:1、宝路和满适金包衣处理后,玉米叶片SPAD值和叶绿素含量均显著高于对照。2、宝路和满适金包衣处理后,株高分别为323.025厘米和275.783厘米,宝路比对照高3.16%,满适金比对照低6.81%;穗位高分别为114.183厘米和115.961厘米,宝路比对照低4.7%,满适金比对照低3.22%。3、2015年,宝路和满适金包衣后,玉米产量分别比对照高出8.25%和7.96%,2016年分别比对照高出14.21%和13.14%,年度间产量差异显著。4、本研究表明,宝路和满适金包衣处理后,可促进玉米生长,提高玉米产量。

关键词：玉米种衣剂生长发育叶绿素产量

Assessment of Heritable Variation and Best Combining Genotypes for Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 1688-1698页

作者： Nusrat Parveen Amna Kanwal Etlas Amin Fariha Shahzadi Saba Aleem Mehvish Tahir Abia Younas Rasheda Aslam Nafeesa Aslam Iqra Ghafoor Mehvish Makhdoom muhammad Amin Shakir muhammad Najeebullah Vegetable Research Institute AARI Faisalabad Pakistan Wheat Research Institute AARI Faisalabad Pakistan Rice Research Institute Kala Shah Kako Pakistan Cotton Research Station AARI Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Livestock Production Research Institute Bahadernagar Farm Okara Pakistan

Grain yield in wheat is the resultant of several plant attributes. It is very important to assess heritable variation involved in the inheritance of these attributes in addition to find the best combining genotypes. For this purpose, the present study involving 5 × 5 full diallel analysis was performed. Twenty F1 hybrids along with their parents (9797, 9801, 9802, Chakwal-50 and Chakwal-86) were planted in field using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the research area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2015-2016. Plant characters like plant height, flag leaf area, spike length, No. of fertile tillers per plant, No. of grains per spike, No. of spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant were studied in this experiment. Mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were highly significant for all the traits except for spike length for which GCA effects were significant. Mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) and reciprocal combining ability (RCA) were highly significant for all the characters studied. GCA variance was higher than the SCA variance for spike length and No. of grains per spike exhibiting the predominant role of additive genetic variation in the inheritance of these traits. However, for the characters like plant height, flag leaf area, No. of fertile tillers per plant, No. of spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant, the value of SCA variance was higher than the value of GCA variance showing non additive gene action for these traits. The variety Chakwal-50 proved to be the best general combiner for plant height, spike length, No. of spikelets per spike, No. of grains per spike and grain yield per plant. The cross, 9802 × Chakwal-86 was the best specific combination for grain yield and most of the yield attributes. The good general and specific combiners are important breeding resources for the initiatio

关键词： Wheat Combining Ability Yield Diallel Additive Genetic Variation

生物炭和灌水量对土壤保水性及温室番茄生理特性的影响

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排灌机械工程学报 2022年第3期40卷 317-324页

作者：李欣雨张川闫浩芳 AKHLAQ muhammad 李岚兰张文程王纪章江苏大学农业工程学院江苏镇江212013 江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心江苏镇江212013

为了探究生物炭用量和灌水量对土壤物理性质及作物生长生理特性的影响,采用田间对比试验,以温室番茄为试验对象,设置了3个生物炭施用量处理B0,B1,B2(施用量分别为0,2.5,5.0 kg/m^(2));在每个生物炭处理下设置3个不同灌水量水平T1,T2,T3... 详细信息

为了探究生物炭用量和灌水量对土壤物理性质及作物生长生理特性的影响,采用田间对比试验,以温室番茄为试验对象,设置了3个生物炭施用量处理B0,B1,B2(施用量分别为0,2.5,5.0 kg/m^(2));在每个生物炭处理下设置3个不同灌水量水平T1,T2,T3(分别为1.4Ep,1.2Ep,1.0Ep;Ep为累计水面蒸发量);观测并分析土壤物理性质、番茄生长及光合作用对生物炭施用量和灌水量的响应关系.结果表明,土壤中适当添加生物炭可以有效地增加土壤的保水性,处理B1和B2相对B0增大土壤最大体积含水率为21.9%和32.1%,处理B1有益于土壤的长期持水能力;降低了土壤容重2.5%~16.6%,增加了土壤孔隙度1.9%~10.5%.生物炭施用量在充分灌溉和中度亏缺的处理下均可以有效提高番茄的气孔导度和光合速率,处理B1和B2分别提高番茄叶片的光合速率为11.4%和54.8%;而在重度亏缺的条件下,处理B1和B2抑制了番茄叶片的光合速率16.7%和50.6%.

关键词：生物炭灌水量土壤保水性番茄生理特性温室

Macro and Micro Nutrient Supply to Soil and Plants from Sugar Mill Mud

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第2期10卷 164-172页

作者： Ishrat Jahan Sanchary Kazi Md. Jahangir Kabir Shah muhammad Imamul Huq Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Barishal Barishal Bangladesh Department of Soil Water and Environment University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Vice Chancellor University of Barishal Barishal Bangladesh

The effects of sugar mill mud application on the availability of nutrients for plant uptake were investigated. Mill mud generated from conventional sugar mill operations was applied in three different rates and a leafy vegetable, locally called “PuiShak” or Indian spinach (Basellarubra L.) was grown for 60 days as a test crop in a pot culture experiment. Crop yield and essential nutrients like N, P, K and Zn uptake concentration was determined to come up with an inference that higher doses of mill mud application impose better effect on root and shoot uptake of these elements. A little infraction was observed for nitrogen uptake by plants for the maximum dose.

关键词： Nutrient Supply Soil-Plant System Mill Mud

Occurrence of Conspecific in the Neighboring Space Influence on Flight Initiation Distance in Cape Hare <i>Lepus capensis</i>under Human Stimuli

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Open Journal of Ecology 2020年第6期10卷 380-395页

作者： muhammad Zaman Bushra Allah Rakha Kwasi Wrensford Mengyan Zhu Longcheng Fan Guangshun Jiang Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry University Harbin China Department of Wildlife Management PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology University of California Berkeley USA

Optimal escape theory predicts that animals would balance the costs and benefits of flight. One cost of not fleeing is the ongoing cost of vigilance for upcoming environmental threats. Our results show that FID increases for vigilant hares with predator starting distance, due to the costs acquired by continuing to scan for ecological dangers. The presence of conspecifics within proximity distance for social hare was reduced FID due to collective vigilance, while a solitary animal had greater FID, due to less cooperative defense for predator detection. In both seasons, detection and flight initiation distance of the focal hare increased in open habitat due to a higher probability of detection for upcoming danger, while dense cover provided concealment but reduced the probability of detecting an incoming threat, reducing FID. Moreover, proximity to roads and the nearest refuge significantly influenced anti-predator risk by compensation energy to cope with approaching stimuli. In a landscape with heavy human hunting in retaliation to plantations damage has modified the natural behavior of the hare in the Shigar valley. The findings are discussed in the context of hare FID by humans and the suggestions for management and mitigation of human-wildlife conflict are also considered.

关键词： Alert Distance Distance to Refuge Flight Initiation Distance (FID) Group Size Effect Starting Distance Social or Solitary Hare

Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的阻燃性能研究

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Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的阻燃性能研究

作者：郑山（muhammad Zeeshan Farooq）哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

镁及镁合金在航空航天、汽车交通等领域具有广泛的应用前景。然而,镁合金的阻燃性较差,从而限制了其在很多领域的应用,比如民用飞机和其他的航空部件。近来,很多相关的研究旨在通过改善镁合金表层氧化膜的致密性,以达到提高镁合金的抗... 详细信息

镁及镁合金在航空航天、汽车交通等领域具有广泛的应用前景。然而,镁合金的阻燃性较差,从而限制了其在很多领域的应用,比如民用飞机和其他的航空部件。近来,很多相关的研究旨在通过改善镁合金表层氧化膜的致密性,以达到提高镁合金的抗氧化性和阻燃性的目的。在诸多技术手段中,合金化是常用的改变表面氧化物结构的方法之一。本课题主要研究Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的阻燃性能。通过改变合金化元素Gd、Y和Zn的含量,并对不同成分合金进行阻燃性能测试,揭示了合金元素对镁合金阻燃性能的影响。此外,本论文还研究了热处理及挤压变形对Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的阻燃性和氧化性能的影响。本论文采用电弧炉试验方法测量了具有不同成分的Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的着火点温度。研究发现,含有6wt%Y的合金具有优异的阻燃性能。该合金在901℃的温度加热30min后仍然不发生燃烧,而含有0wt%Y和1wt%Y的合金的着火温度分别为696℃和768℃。这些结果表明Y元素可以有效地提高镁合金的阻燃性。随着Y元素含量的增大,合金的着火点温度得到了明显的提升。然而,需要说明的是,着火点测试的结果会受具体的测试细节的影响。火焰测试能够直接研究材料在火焰中的行为,因此可以有效地研究镁合金在飞机火灾事故中的燃烧行为。为了研究Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的氧化行为,本论文采用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对氧化膜的相组成进行了研究。研究结果表明,合金表面的致密氧化膜是由Mg O、YO、Gd O、Zn O和Zr O组成的。通过对具有不同成分的Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金进行热处理,并对热处理后的合金进行阻燃性测试,发现热处理能有效提高镁合金的阻燃性。其中,含有6wt%Y合金的着火点从901℃提高到了936℃。通过XRD和SEM分析,发现热处理合金的致密氧化膜也是由Mg O、YO、Gd O、Zn O和Zr O组成的。此外,本论文还研究了Mg-7Gd-2Y-0.6Zn-0.6Zr(wt.%)合金不同状态的阻燃性。通过阻燃性测试发现,该合金在铸态下的着火温度为748℃。经过固溶处理后,其着火温度略有下降,742℃。随后的时效处理使合金的着火温度提高至760℃。该合金经过挤压变形后,其着火温度为622℃,而时效处理可以使挤压态合金的着火温度提高至633℃。

关键词：稀土镁合金阻燃性热处理挤压氧化行为