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Dramatic response of hepatitis C patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 to sofosbuvirbased therapies in Punjab, Pakistan: A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第44期23卷 7899-7905页

作者： Sajjad Iqbal muhammad Haroon Yousuf muhammad iftikhar yousaf Department of Pathology Shalamar Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shalamar Hospital

AIM To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of sofobuvir(SOF) in hepatitis C patients infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype 3 in *** The present study was performed with the coordination of gastroenterology and pathology departments of Shalamar Hospital Lahore from August 2014 to May 2016. The total number of patients included in this study was 1375 and all of them were infected with HCV genotype 3. On the basis of drug combinations, all the patients were separated into two groups. The first group of patients was treated for 24 wk with SOF(Sovaldi? by Gilead Sciences) plus ribavirin(RBV) [Ribazol? by Getz Pharma Pakistan(PVT) Ltd], while the patients of the second group were treated with SOF + RBV + pegylatedinterferon(peg IFN) alfa-2 a(Ropegra by Roach) for 12 wk. HCV genotyping and viral load measurement were performed on fully automated Abbott Real-Time PCR system(Abbott m24 sp automated nucleic acid extraction system and Abbott m2000 rt amplification system; abbott Molecular, Des Plaines, IL, United States). For the assessment of sustained virological response(SVR), all HCV RNA negative patients were followed for 12weeks after the treatment completion. Any patient with less than 12 IU/m L viral load after 12 wk of treatment completion was considered as a sustained virological responder(SVR-12).RESULTS A total of 1375 patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 3 were treated with two drug combinations SOF + RBV and SOF + RBV + peg IFN alfa-2 a. On the basis of these drug combinations, patients were divided into two groups(first and second). Overall SVR-12 was excellent in both groups(99.17% and 97.91%). Older patients(> 40 years) of second group showed lower SVR-12(93.46%) compared to first group older patients(98.79%), while in the younger patients of both groups, the SVR-12 rate was almost the same(99.54% in first group and 99.05% in second group). No such difference regarding SVR-12 rate was seen in males and females of first group pat

关键词： Sofosbuvir Sustained virological response Pakistan

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M_(4)X_(3) MXenes:Application in Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： iftikhar Hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen Shahid Ali Khan Sikandar Aftab muhammad Sufyan Javed Sajjad Hussain muhammad Ahmad Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahmi Fawy Adnan Younis Sumanta Sahoo Kaili Zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

MXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com-munity due to its remarkable properties,including excellent thermal stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and admirable *** have been categorized into different families based on the number of M and X layers in M_(n+1)X_(n),such as M_(2)X,M_(3)X_(2),M_(4)X_(3),and,recently,M_(5)X_(4).Among these families,M_(2)X and M_(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to M_(5)X_(4)MXene ***,studies on the M_(4)X_(3)MXene family have developed recently,hence,demanding a compilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in M_(4)X_(3)MXenes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering M_(4)X_(3)MXene-based nanomaterials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： MXene M_(4)X_(3)MXenes 2D materials Energy storage Properties

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Plant Nitrogen Metabolism: Balancing Resilience to Nutritional Stress andAbiotic Challenges

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 581-609页

作者： muhammad Farhan Manda Sathish Rafia Kiran Aroosa Mushtaq Alaa Baazeem Ammarah Hasnain Fahad Hakim Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi Mustansar Mubeen Yasir iftikhar Aqleem Abbas muhammad Zeeshan Hassan Mahmoud Moustafa Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences&TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule(CIEAM) Vicerrectoría de Investigación y PostgradoUniversidad Católica del MauleTalca3460000Chile College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesLahore University of Biological and Applied SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Food Technology Karakorum International UniversityGilgitPakistan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses,such as soil salinity and drought,depend intricately on nitrogen *** review explores nitrogen’s regulatory role in plant responses to these challenges,unveiling a dynamic interplay between nitrogen availability and abiotic *** the context of soil salinity,a nuanced rela-tionship emerges,featuring both antagonistic and synergistic interactions between salinity and nitrogen ***-induced chlorophyll depletion in plants can be alleviated by optimal nitrogen supplementation;however,excessive nitrogen can exacerbate salinity *** delve into the complexities of this interaction and its agri-cultural ***,a vital element within essential plant structures like chloroplasts,elicits diverse responses based on its *** review comprehensively examines manifestations of nitrogen deﬁciency and toxicity across various crop types,including cereals,vegetables,legumes,and ***,we explore the broader consequences of nitrogen products,such as N_(2)O,NO_(2),and ammonia,on human ***-ing the intricate relationship between nitrogen and salinity,especially chloride accumulation in nitrate-fed plants and sodium buildup in ammonium-fed plants,is pivotal for optimizing crop nitrogen ***,prudent nitrogen use is essential,as overapplication can exacerbate nitrogen-related *** Use Efﬁ-ciency(NUE)is of paramount importance in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing sustainable crop *** this goal requires advancements in crop varieties with efﬁcient nitrogen utilization,pre-cise timing and placement of nitrogen fertilizer application,and thoughtful nitrogen source selection to mitigate losses,particularly urea-based fertilizer *** review article delves into the multifaceted world of plant nitrogen metabolism and its pivotal role in enabling plant resilience to nutritional stress and abiotic chall

关键词： Synthetic nitrogen nitrogen signaling sustainable agriculture eutrophication ammonium nitrate

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A Novel Fractional Dengue Transmission Model in the Presence of Wolbachia Using Stochastic Based Artificial Neural Network

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1217-1238页

作者： Zeshan Faiz iftikhar Ahmed Dumitru Baleanu Shumaila Javeed Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityAnkara06790Turkey Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirut135053Lebanon Department of Mathematics Mathematics Research CenterNear East UniversityNicosia/Mersin99138Turkey

The purpose of this research work is to investigate the numerical solutions of the fractional dengue transmission model(FDTM)in the presence of Wolbachia using the stochastic-based Levenberg-Marquardt neural network(LM-NN)*** fractional dengue transmission model(FDTM)consists of 12 *** human population is divided into four compartments;susceptible humans(S_(h)),exposed humans(E_(h)),infectious humans(I_(h)),and recovered humans(R_(h)).Wolbachia-infected and Wolbachia-uninfected mosquito population is also divided into four compartments:aquatic(eggs,larvae,pupae),susceptible,exposed,and *** investigated three different cases of vertical transmission probability(η),namely when Wolbachia-free mosquitoes persist only(η=0.6),when both types of mosquitoes persist(η=0.8),and when Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes persist only(η=1).The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Wolbachia in reducing dengue and presenting the numerical results by using the stochastic structure LM-NN approach with 10 hidden layers of neurons for three different cases of the fractional order derivatives(α=0.4,0.6,0.8).LM-NN approach includes a training,validation,and testing procedure to minimize the mean square error(MSE)values using the reference dataset(obtained by solving the model using the Adams-Bashforth-Moulton method(ABM).The distribution of data is 80% data for training,10% for validation,and,10% for testing purpose)results.A comprehensive investigation is accessible to observe the competence,precision,capacity,and efficiency of the suggested LM-NN approach by executing the MSE,state transitions findings,and regression *** effectiveness of the LM-NN approach for solving the FDTM is demonstrated by the overlap of the findings with trustworthy measures,which achieves a precision of up to 10^(-4).

关键词： Wolbachia dengue neural network vertical transmission mean square error Levenberg-Marquardt

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Stochastic sampled-data multi-objective control of active suspension systems for in-wheel motor driven electric vehicles

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Journal of Automation and Intelligence 2024年第1期3卷 2-18页

作者： iftikhar Ahmad Xiaohua Ge Qing-Long Han School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia

This paper addresses the sampled-data multi-objective active suspension control problem for an in-wheel motor driven electric vehicle subject to stochastic sampling periods and asynchronous premise *** focus is placed on the scenario that the dynamical state of the half-vehicle active suspension system is transmitted over an in-vehicle controller area network that only permits the transmission of sampled data *** this purpose,a stochastic sampling mechanism is developed such that the sampling periods can randomly switch among different values with certain mathematical ***,an asynchronous fuzzy sampled-data controller,featuring distinct premise variables from the active suspension system,is constructed to eliminate the stringent requirement that the sampled-data controller has to share the same grades of ***,novel criteria for both stability analysis and controller design are derived in order to guarantee that the resultant closed-loop active suspension system is stochastically stable with simultaneous𝐻2 and𝐻∞performance ***,the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic sampled-data multi-objective control method is verified via several numerical cases studies in both time domain and frequency domain under various road disturbance profiles.

关键词： Active suspension system Electric vehicles In-wheel motor Stochastic sampling Dynamic dampers Sampled-data control Multi-objective control

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Empowering Diagnosis: Cutting-Edge Segmentation and Classification in Lung Cancer Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4963-4977页

作者： iftikhar Naseer Tehreem Masood Sheeraz Akram Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Shafiq Ur Rehman Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Sciences&Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Lahore54000Pakistan Information System Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Lung cancer is a leading cause of global mortality *** detection of pulmonary tumors can significantly enhance the survival rate of ***,various Computer-Aided Diagnostic(CAD)methods have been developed to enhance the detection of pulmonary nodules with high ***,the existing method-ologies cannot obtain a high level of specificity and *** present study introduces a novel model for Lung Cancer Segmentation and Classification(LCSC),which incorporates two improved architectures,namely the improved U-Net architecture and the improved AlexNet *** LCSC model comprises two distinct *** first stage involves the utilization of an improved U-Net architecture to segment candidate nodules extracted from the lung ***,an improved AlexNet architecture is employed to classify lung *** the first stage,the proposed model demonstrates a dice accuracy of 0.855,a precision of 0.933,and a recall of 0.789 for the segmentation of candidate *** suggested improved AlexNet architecture attains 97.06%accuracy,a true positive rate of 96.36%,a true negative rate of 97.77%,a positive predictive value of 97.74%,and a negative predictive value of 96.41%for classifying pulmonary cancer as either benign or *** proposed LCSC model is tested and evaluated employing the publically available dataset furnished by the Lung Image Database Consortium and Image Database Resource Initiative(LIDC-IDRI).This proposed technique exhibits remarkable performance compared to the existing methods by using various evaluation parameters.

关键词： Lung cancer segmentation AlexNet U-Net classification

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Change in mean postoperative pain in patients undergoing tonsillectomy with cold water versus usual practice:A pragmatic trial

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 24-28页

作者： Haissan iftikhar Nida Zahid Adan Zubair Mohammad Wasif Nabeel N.Baig Khadijah Abid muhammad Ozair Awan muhammad Sohail Awan Department of Otolaryngology Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirminghamUK Department of Surgery Aga Khan University HospitalKarachiPakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons Higher Education CommissionKarachiPakistan Department of UGME Aga Khan UniversityKarachiPakistan

Introduction:Tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in *** are various methods to perform tonsillectomies(cold and hot).Thermal damage and inflammation of the surrounding tissue using monopolar cautery is said to point to increased pain whereas immediate cooling of the burnt area is thought to reduce pain owing to heat *** objective was to determine the difference in mean post‐tonsillectomy pain scores among patients irrigated with cold water(4℃)and in patients not irrigated with cold *** and Methods:A quasi‐experimental trial was conducted from January 2016 to December 2017 at a tertiary care *** tonsillectomies were carried out with monopolar cautery at a power of 20 *** either received cold water irrigation post tonsillectomy of the tonsillar bed(intervention arm)or no irrigation(control arm).The pain score was measured on Days 0,1,3,5,and *** scores were charted on a visual analog scale on the respective ***:Seventy‐eight patients were included in the *** mean age of our patients was 10.26(4.24)years old in the intervention arm,and 11.95(4.19)years old in the control *** was observed that the pain was significantly lower in patients with cold water irrigation of the tonsillar fossa on Days 1,3,5,and 7(p=0.001).There were no readmissions postprocedure and none of our patients developed any complications ***:In this trial,we report a reduced pain score at all days of observation in the intervention *** of the tonsillar fossa is a safe,cost-effective,and less technically demanding technique that could be employed to reduce postoperative *** studies with randomization,blinding and a larger sample size could further improve on our results.

关键词： cold water tonsillectomy monopoalr tonsillectomy postoperative pain tonsillectomy

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Combinative approach of transzonular triamcinolonemoxifloxacin and perioperative drops to minimize postoperative complications of cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 845-851页

作者： Behnam Rabiee Muhamad Festok Michael Gaspari Abid Haseeb Aaila Chaudhry Layla Kamoun Imtiaz Chaudhry iftikhar Chaudhry Department of Ophthalmology Trinity Health Mid-AtlanticNazareth HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19020USA IC Laser Eye Care BensalemPA 19020USA

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of combinationtherapy with transzonular triamcinolone-moxifloxacin andconventional perioperative drops in reducing postoperativecomplications of cataract surgery. METHODS: Electronic medical records of cataractsurgery patients (single surgeon) were reviewed fromJanuary 2018 to September 2021. The rate of postoperativecomplications including prolonged and/or recurrentpostoperative inflammation, endophthalmitis, cystoid macularedema (CME), and intraocular pressure (IOP) was comparedbetween the patients receiving combinative therapy andpatients receiving drops only. RESULTS: Totally 596 patients and 1057 eyes(Combinative-Therapy group 493 and Drop-Only group 564)were included in this study. Using combination therapyreduced the relative risk of postoperative inflammationby 26.9% (16.6% Combinative-Therapy vs 22.7% Drop-Only, P=0.013). The incidence of endophthalmitis was 0in Combinative-Therapy group vs 0.5% in Drop-Only group(relative risk reduction 100%), although not statisticallysignificant (P=0.10). The incidence of severe IOP spikeswas not significantly different between Combinative-Therapy (2.4%) and Drop-Only (1.6%) groups (P=0.33).The relative risk of postoperative CME was 51.4% less inthree months follow up visit in Combinative-Therapy group,although not statistically significant (P=0.07). The visualoutcome 1-month postop. (best corrected visual acuity) wassignificantly better in Combinative-Therapy (logMAR 0.10)compared to Drop-Only (logMAR 0.14) groups (P=0.02) whilethe baseline visual acuity was not significantly different. CONCLUSION: The combinative approach oftranszonular triamcinolone-moxifloxacin plus perioperativeeyedrops is an effective method to minimize postoperativeinflammation, with better visual outcomes. It couldpotentially reduce the risk of postoperative endophthalmitisand CME (near-significant P-values;larger studies couldanalyze better considering low incidence).

关键词： cataract endophthalmitis cystoid macular edema postoperative complications transzonular injection

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Suppression of host plant defense by bacterial small RNAs packaged in outer membrane vesicles

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 252-254页

作者： Yan Wu Sai Wang Peihong Wang Wenhan Nie iftikhar Ahmad Panagiotis F.Sarris Gongyou Chen Bo Zhu Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari-Campus Vehari 61100 Pakistan Department of Biology University of Crete 714 09 Heraklion Crete Greece Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chongqing Research Institute Shanghai China

(Plant Communications 5,100817;April 82024)After a careful,in-depth examination,the authors found some additional errors in the published *** revision,the authors created a mutant DXosr001(in which the full-length Xosr001 was deleted)and a mutant DXosr001’(in which the predicted binding motif of Xosr001 was deleted)as shown in Figure S4 of the original *** RNA-FISH assays,Xosr001 transcript could not be detected in leaves inoculated with DXosr001-OMVs,while leaves inoculated with WT-and DXosr001’-OMVs could emit green fluorescence.

关键词： deleted Figure outer

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东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀对有机碳时空变化特征的影响

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水土保持学报 2024年

作者：佟亚宁王彬王文刚周笑李力国 iftikhar Farhan 北京林业大学水土保持学院北京林业大学水土保持学院重庆缙云山三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站

[目的]探明土壤有机碳流失时空分布变化对土壤侵蚀强度的响应机制,以期为侵蚀环境下土壤碳循环机制研究提供基础数据,并为解决黑土“变薄变瘦”问题提供科学依据。[方法]选取松嫩平原典型黑土区的北安市、克山县、克东县、拜泉县等14个... 详细信息

[目的]探明土壤有机碳流失时空分布变化对土壤侵蚀强度的响应机制,以期为侵蚀环境下土壤碳循环机制研究提供基础数据,并为解决黑土“变薄变瘦”问题提供科学依据。[方法]选取松嫩平原典型黑土区的北安市、克山县、克东县、拜泉县等14个市（区、县）为研究对象,采用RUSLE模型并结合GIS空间分析技术分析东北典型黑土区2000—2019年土壤侵蚀与土壤有机碳流失的时空变化特征。[结果]研究区土壤侵蚀强度整体呈北高南低的分布格局,并以微度侵蚀为主;2000—2019年典型黑土区微度侵蚀面积占比上升趋势不显著,轻度及以上程度的侵蚀面积占比则整体表现为降低态势,其中87.91%的区域侵蚀强度等级未发生明显变化,仅有3.74%的区域侵蚀强度等级升高;土壤有机碳流失空间分布差异明显,总体呈北高南低的分布特征,研究期间土壤有机碳年平均流失强度为4.74 t/（km2·a）;2010—2019年土壤有机碳流失总量呈增大趋势,其中北安市流失量最大,为研究区总流失量的37.00%;2015—2019年间,土壤有机碳流失强度5 t/（km2·a）的区域面积占比上升,导致年平均流失强度增大;研究区北部土壤侵蚀强度高的地区由于有机碳含量丰富,使得其在遭受侵蚀作用时损失的有机碳总量相对较大,形成土壤有机碳流失总量的地域性差异特征。[结论]研究结果明晰侵蚀作用下土壤有机碳流失的时空变化特征,表明严重的土壤侵蚀是坡面土壤有机碳流失的重要驱动因素。

关键词：土壤侵蚀土壤有机碳 RUSLE模型时空变化东北黑土区

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