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Seed Treatment with Auxins Modulates Growth and Ion Partitioning in Salt-stressed Wheat Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第7期49卷 1003-1015页

作者： muhammad lqbal muhammad Ashraf Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

Experiments were performed to determine whether seed priming with different concentrations （100, 150, and 200 mg/L） of auxins （indoleacetic acid （IAA）, indolebutyric acid （IBA）, or their precursor tryptophane （Trp）） could alter salinity induced perturbances in salicylic acid and ion concentrations and, hence, growth in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars, namely M.H.-97 （salt intolerant） and tnqtab-91 （salt tolerant）. Primed and non-primed seeds were sown in Petri dishes in a growth room, as well as in a field treated with 15 dS/m NaCl salinity. All priming agents, except IBA, increased the final germination percentage in both cultivars. The seedlings of either cultivar raised from Trp-treated seeds had greater dry biomass when under salt stress. In field experiments, Trp priming was much more effective in mediating the increase in grain yield, irrespective of the cultivar, under salt stress. The alleviatory effect of Trp was found to be associated with reduced uptake of Na^＋ in the roots and subsequent translocation to the shoots, as well as increased partitioning of Ca^＋ in the roots of salt-stressed wheat plants. Plants of both cultivars raised from Trp-and IAA-treated seeds accumulated free salicylic acid in their leaves when under salt stress. Overall, the Trp priming-induced improvement in germination and the subsequent growth of wheat plants could be related to ion homeostasis when under salt stress. The possible involvement of salicylic acid in the Trp priming-induced better growth under Conditions of salt stress is discussed.

关键词： auxins growth ion homeostasis salicylic acid seed priming tryptophane wheat.

Presowing Seed Treatment with Cytokinins and Its Effect on Growth, Photosynthetic Rate, Ionic Levels and Yield of Two Wheat Cultivars Differing in Salt Tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第11期47卷 1315-1325页

作者： muhammad IQBAL muhammad ASHRAF Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

The effects of presowing seed treatment with different concentrations of cytokinins （kinetin and benzylaminopurine; 100, 150, and 200 mg/L） on growth, photosynthetic capacity, and ion homeostasis were investigated in two spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars, namely MH-97 （salt sensitive） and Inqlab- 91 （salt tolerant）. Primed and non-primed seeds were sown in a field in which NaC1 salinity of 15 dS/m was developed. Of the different concentrations of priming agents tested, the effect of a moderate concentration of kinetin （150 mg/L） was very pronounced, particularly in improving growth and grain yield, in both cultivars. In addition, priming with kinetin alleviated the adverse effect of salt stress on gaseous exchange characteristics （net CO2 assimilation rate and water use efficiency） in both cultivars. Seed priming with a moderate concentration of kinetin also altered the pattern of accumulation of Na^＋ and Clˉ in the shoots, irrespective of the wheat cultivar, under conditions of salt stress. However, all other priming agents at the different concentrations tested did not show any consistent effect on ion levels, except hydropriming, which increased K^＋ levels in the shoots of both cultivars under salt stress. In conclusion, a moderate concentration of kinetin showed a consistent effect in altering the growth and grain yield of both wheat cultivars, which was related to the beneficial effects of kinetin priming on water use efficiency and photosynthetic rate under conditions of salt stress.

关键词： growth hormonal priming photosynthesis pre-treatment salt stress yield.

Exploring the impact of mobile device use on mealtime distractions and its consequences for metabolic health:A narrative minireview

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第17期13卷 7-15页

作者： muhammad Shahzad Aslam School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang 43900SelangorMalaysia

The habitual use of smartphones during meals has become a common behavior,raising concerns about its potential impact on eating habits and metabolic *** present narrative review investigates how using a smartphone or tablet during meals can cause distractions and negatively affect metabolic health.A comprehensive narrative review was conducted by synthesizing peer-reviewed studies on the interplay between smartphone use during meals,eating behaviors,and metabolic *** literature was identified through searches in electronic databases and organized thematically to highlight trends and research *** synthesizing evidence from existing literature,this review highlights that smartphone use during meals is associated with increased caloric intake,altered food composition,and disruptions in postprandial metabolic *** effects are mediated by reduced meal awareness and psychological distractions,including *** in findings arises from differences in study designs and *** review identifies critical research gaps,including the lack of longitudinal studies and the need to explore mechanisms underlying these *** summarizing trends and patterns,this narrative review offers valuable insights into the complex interplay between digital device use,eating habits,and metabolic health,providing a foundation for future research and interventions.

关键词： Digital devices Smartphone usage Mealtime behavior Eating habits Postprandial glucose Screen time Dietary patterns Metabolic responses Technological distractions Mobile health

SI Engine Fueled with Gasoline, CNG and CNG-HHO Blend: Comparative Evaluation of Performance, Emission and Lubrication Oil Deterioration

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1199-1211页

作者： USMAN muhammad HAYAT Nasir BHUTTA muhammad Mahmood Aslam Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan

Hydroxy gas (HHO) is one of the potential alternative fuels for spark ignition (SI) engine,notably due to simultaneous increase in engine performance and reduction in exhaust ***,impact of HHO gas on lubrication oil for longer periods of engine operation has not yet been *** study focuses on investigation of the effect of gasoline,CNG and CNG-HHO blend on lubrication oil deterioration along with engine performance and emissions in SI *** unit produces HHO gas at 4.72 L/min by using 6 g/L of KOH in the aqueous *** was supplied to the test engine at a pressure of 0.11 MPa using an electronically controlled solenoid *** tests were carried out at different speeds at 80%open throttle condition and various performance parameters such as brake power (BP),brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC),brake thermal efficiency (BTE),exhaust gas temperature and exhaust emissions (HC,CO_(2),CO and NO_(x))were *** addition,various lubrication oil samples were extracted over 120 h of engine running while topping for drain out volume and samples were analyzed as per ASTM ***-HHO blend exhibited better performance i.e.,15.4%increase in average BP in comparison to CNG,however,15.1%decrease was observed when compared to ***-HHO outperformed gasoline and CNG in the case of HC,CO_(2),CO and brake specific fuel consumption (31.1%decrease in comparison to gasoline).On the other hand,CNG-HHO produced higher average NO_(x) (12.9%) when compared to CNG ***,lubrication oil condition(kinematic viscosity,water contents,flash point and total base number (TBN)),wear debris (Iron (Fe),Aluminum(Al),Copper (Cu),Chromium (Cr)) and additives depletion (Zinc (Zn),Calcium (Ca)) presented a significant degradation in the case of CNG-HHO blend as compared to gasoline and *** oil analyses illustrated 19.6%,12.8%and 14.2%decrease in average viscosity,flash point and TBN for CNG-HHO blend ***,

关键词： spark ignition engine compressed natural gas hydrogen lubrication oil deterioration emission

Effectiveness of radiative heat flux in MHD flow of Jeffrey-nanofluid subject to Brownian and thermophoresis diffusions

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第2期31卷 421-427页

作者： muhammad Ijaz Khan Tasawar Hayat muhammad Waqas Ahmed Alsaedi muhammad Imran Khan Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics(NAAM)Research Group Department of MathematicsFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Heriot Watt University Edinburgh CampusEdinburghUK

Our interest here in this investigation is to explore the thermophoresis and Brownian motion characteristics in flow induced by stretched *** conducted Jeffrey material formulates the flow *** forms of stretching and free stream velocities are *** radiation and convective heating processes describe the phenomenon of heat *** controls of nanoparticles are considered on the *** compatible transformations produce the strong nonlinear differential *** problems are computed analytically utilizing *** nee domain is detennined and major results are concluded for different parameters *** transfer rate and drag force are also explained for various physical *** analysis reveals that heat transfer rate augments via larger radiation parameter and Biot *** larger Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters have opposite characteristics on concentration field.

关键词： Jeffrey nanomaterial non-linear radiative heat flux convective boundary conditions.Brownian and thermophoresis diffusions

iRNA-PseTNC:identification of RNA 5-methylcytosine sites using hybrid vector space of pseudo nucleotide composition

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第2期14卷 451-460页

作者： Shahid AKBAR Maqsood HAYAT muhammad IQBAL muhammad TAHIR Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanKP 23200Pakistan

RNA 5-methylcytosine(m^5C)sites perform a major role in numerous biological processes and commonly reported in both DNA and RNA *** enzymatic mechanism and biological functions of m^5C sites in DNA remain the focusing area of researchers for last few ***,the investigators also targeted m^5C sites in RNA due to its cellular functions,positioning and formation ***,several rudimentary roles of the m^5C in RNA have been explored,but a lot of improvements are still under ***,the identification of RNA methylcytosine sites was carried out via experimental methods,which were very hard,erroneous and time consuming owing to partial availability of recognized *** at the significance of m^5C role in RNA,scientists have diverted their attention from structure to sequence-based *** this regards,an intelligent computational model is proposed in order to identify m^5C sites in RNA with high *** RNA sequences formulation methods namely:pseudo dinucleotide composition,pseudo trinucleotide composition and pseudo tetra nucleotide composition are applied to extract variant and high profound numerical *** a sequel,the vector spaces are fused to build a hybrid space in order to compensate the weakness of each *** learning hypotheses are examined to select the best operational engine,which can truly identify the pattern of the target *** strength and generalization of the proposed model are measured using two different cross validation *** reported outcomes reveal that the proposed model achieved 3%better accuracy than that of the highest present approach in the literature so far.

关键词： methylcytosine sites PseTNC PseTetraNC hybrid features SVM cross validation test

Redefined Extended Cubic B-Spline Functions for Numerical Solution of Time-Fractional Telegraph Equation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第4期127卷 361-384页

作者： muhammad Amin muhammad Abbas Dumitru Baleanu muhammad Kashif Iqbal muhammad Bilal Riaz Department of Mathematics National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54660Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Arts and SciencesCankaya UniversityAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Institute of Space-Sciences Bucharest077125Romania Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54700Pakistan

This work is concerned with the application of a redefined set of extended uniform cubic B-spline(RECBS)functions for the numerical treatment of time-fractional Telegraph *** presented technique engages finite difference formulation for discretizing the Caputo time-fractional derivatives and RECBS functions to interpolate the solution curve along the spatial *** analysis of the scheme is provided to ensure that the errors do not amplify during the execution of the numerical *** derivation of uniform convergence has also been *** computational experiments are executed to verify the theoretical *** results are compared with the existing schemes and it is concluded that the present scheme returns superior outcomes on the topic.

关键词： Extended cubic B-spline redefined extended cubic B-spline time fractional telegraph equation caputo fractional derivative finite difference method convergence

Static and adaptive feedback control for synchronization of different chaotic oscillators with mutually Lipschitz nonlinearities

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第11期23卷 223-231页

作者： muhammad Riaz muhammad Rehan Keum-Shik Hong muhammad Ashraf Haroon Ur Rasheed Department of Electrical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electronics Engineering Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering and School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National University 2 Busandaehak-ro Geumjeong-gu Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea Department of Electronics Engineering Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Islamabad Pakistan

This paper addresses the control law design for synchronization of two different chaotic oscillators with mutually Lipschitz nonlinearities. For analysis of the properties of two different nonlinearities, an advanced mutually Lipschitz condition is proposed. This mutually Lipschitz condition is more general than the traditional Lipschitz condition. Unlike the latter, it can be used for the design of a feedback controller for synchronization of chaotic oscillators of different dynamics. It is shown that any two different Lipschitz nonlinearities always satisfy the mutually Lipschitz condition. Applying the mutually Lipschitz condition, a quadratic Lyapunov function and uniformly ultimately bounded stability, easily designable and implementable robust control strategies utilizing algebraic Riccati equation and linear matrix inequalities, are derived for synchronization of two distinct chaotic oscillators. Furthermore, a novel adaptive control scheme for mutually Lipschitz chaotic systems is established by addressing the issue of adaptive cancellation of unknown mismatch between the dynamics of different chaotic systems. The proposed control technique is numerically tested for synchronization of two different chaotic Chua＇s circuits and for obtaining identical behavior between the modified Chua＇s circuit and the R6ssler system.

关键词： control theory and feedback synchronization mutually Lipschitz nonlinearity adaptive controlsystem

Dynamic flexural strength of Aluminosilicate glass with a perspective of impulsive and quasi-impulsive responses: An experimental-numerical coupled evaluation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第12期37卷 388-403页

作者： muhammad Aamir RAZA Tao SUO Uzair Ahmed DAR muhammad ATIF muhammad Zakir SHEIKH School of Aeronautics and Institute of Extreme Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Joint International Research Center of Impact Dynamics and Its Engineering Application Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Engineering Application Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

The flexural strength of glass is a critical design parameter for applications encountering impact ***,the micro defects,specimen geometry,loading rate,and load transformation from a quasi-dynamic to quasi-impulsive state may influence the measurement *** to the stochastic and amorphous nature of the material,an accurate determination of the flexural strength remains a *** this two-fold study,a coupled experimental-numerical strategy was devised to evaluate the dynamic flexural *** the first phase,three-point bending experiments were conducted on a novel“Electromagnetic Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(ESHPB)”.The incident stress signal and fracture time were recorded from experimental data,while the flexural strength was indirectly computed from a numerical algorithm.A quantitative comparison of the flexural strength with those in existing literature established the accuracy of the proposed *** of the study indicate that the specimen response became independent of the support conditions under impulsive *** being said,the specimen behaved like it had an infinite span length,and the measured flexural strength remained the same whether the specimen was supported or ***,the specimen also maintained contact at the interfaces of the incident bar and fixture supports for the entire loading *** the second part of this study,the computed flexural strength was used to calibrate the existing JH-2 *** prediction of the damage propagation corroborated with that obtained from reprography images,though *** work presents a precise and robust methodology to determine the dynamic flexural strength of brittle ceramics like Aluminosilicate glass over traditional experimental procedures to facilitate its adoption.

关键词： Dynamic flexural strength Damage mechanism Flexural fracture Numerical simulation Aluminosilicate glass