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Vision based intelligent traffic light management system using Faster R‐CNN

CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 932-947页

作者： Syed Konain Abbas muhammad Usman ghani Khan Jia Zhu Raheem Sarwar Naif R.Aljohani Ibrahim A.Hameed muhammad Umair Hassan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina OTHEM Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of ICT and Natural Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)ÅlesundNorway

Transportation systems primarily depend on vehicular flow on roads. Developed coun-tries have shifted towards automated signal control, which manages and updates signal synchronisation automatically. In contrast, traffic in underdeveloped countries is mainly governed by manual traffic light systems. These existing manual systems lead to numerous issues, wasting substantial resources such as time, energy, and fuel, as they cannot make real‐time decisions. In this work, we propose an algorithm to determine traffic signal durations based on real‐time vehicle density, obtained from live closed circuit television camera feeds adjacent to traffic signals. The algorithm automates the traffic light system, making decisions based on vehicle density and employing Faster R‐CNN for vehicle detection. Additionally, we have created a local dataset from live streams of Punjab Safe City cameras in collaboration with the local police authority. The proposed algorithm achieves a class accuracy of 96.6% and a vehicle detection accuracy of 95.7%. Across both day and night modes, our proposed method maintains an average precision, recall, F1 score, and vehicle detection accuracy of 0.94, 0.98, 0.96 and 0.95, respectively. Our proposed work surpasses all evaluation metrics compared to state‐of‐the‐art methodologies.

关键词： access control artificial intelligence computer vision intelligent control

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Partial Fusion (F) Gene Analysis of Newcastle Disease Virus Detected in Pakistan during 2021-2022

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 256-275页

作者： muhammad Danish Mehmood Huma Anwar Ul-Haq Rauf Khalid Yasir Amin muhammad Usman ghani muhammad Ismail Rabia Habib Fareeha Arshed Abdul Rasheed Shaukat Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Research & Development Division Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Quality Assurance Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center Abbottabad Pakistan Quality Control Department Ottoman Pharma Immuno Lahore Pakistan Production Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Poultry Production Department Sabir&#8217s Poultry Pvt. Ltd. Sabroso Pakistan

Newcastle disease (ND) virus is a leading threat to commercial and domestic poultry in Pakistan. The virus infects and constitutes irreversible impairment to the nervous system, damages the respiratory system, and marks severe gastrointestinal lesions leading to heavy mortality in short-living birds and substantial losses in layers and breeders. The continuous emergence and evolution of the virus made it inclined to evade the humoral response and indirectly the circumvention of artificial active immunization. Newcastle disease is caused by the orthoavula genus of the paramyxoviridae family and has shown high genetic diversity even in their genotypes while information regarding enzootic trends of the virus is scanty in Pakistan. A total of 40 tracheal samples of NDV were collected from different commercial broiler farms and 11 isolates of NDV were identified. In the current study, we determined the genetic diversity of the Newcastle disease virus based on the partial sequencing of the fusion protein gene available in the NCBI database. Genetic analysis showed that seven isolates belonged to class I genotype VII and four belonged to class II genotype II. Interestingly, two isolates had epidemiological connections with vaccine-like class II genotype II. Our findings, concerning the recent outbreaks of class I genotype VII and class II genotype II of NDV in vaccinated commercial flocks, suggest possible potential partial mutations in the fusion protein gene. Genetic diversity and formation of the new cleavage site in an important neutralizing protein of wild strain are linked with the potency of artificial active immunization and a major cause of vaccine failure.

关键词： Newcastle Disease Virus Haemagglutination Inhibition Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Tree Mutation Analysis

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不同孔径碳纤维三向织物复合材料增强混凝土轴压研究

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复合材料科学与工程 2024年

作者：孙婷婷张洪华 muhammad Usman ghani 李炜东华大学纺织学院东华大学民用航空复合材料协同创新中心产业用纺织品教育部工程研究中心

选用3种规格的T300碳纤维制备3种不同孔径大小的三向织物（Triaxial woven fabric，TWF）树脂基复合材料对混凝土进行加固。使用3D-DIC技术获取三维位移场和应变场，直观反映试样表面织物的膨胀脱落和不同纱线应变扩展的演化过程。结果... 详细信息

选用3种规格的T300碳纤维制备3种不同孔径大小的三向织物（Triaxial woven fabric，TWF）树脂基复合材料对混凝土进行加固。使用3D-DIC技术获取三维位移场和应变场，直观反映试样表面织物的膨胀脱落和不同纱线应变扩展的演化过程。结果表明：碳纤维三向织物复合材料在压缩时，三向织物的孔径越小，约束效果越显著。与未约束的混凝土相比，TWF-24k的峰值载荷提升了38.7%TWF-12k提高了41.2%，TWF-6k提高了49.9%。在孔隙率一定时，小孔径TWF更大程度地提升了混凝土的抗压强度和延性；TWF-6k试样的应变-时间曲线变化趋势更加一致，试样内部的应力分布更均匀。结合3D-DIC技术获取从加载到破坏整个时间序列的位移场和应变场演化规律，结果表明：TWF-6k相比于TWF-12k和TWF-24k经纬纱均提供了约束作用，均匀分担轴向压缩力和径向拉伸力，具有最好的约束效果。

关键词：碳纤维三向织物混凝土加固 3D-DIC 位移场三维应变场

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Prediction of Extremist Behaviour and Suicide Bombing from Terrorism Contents Using Supervised Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4411-4428页

作者： Nasir Mahmood muhammad Usman ghani Khan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology54890Lahore

This study proposes an architecture for the prediction of extremist human behaviour from projected suicide *** linking‘dots’of police data comprising scattered information of people,groups,logistics,locations,communication,and spatiotemporal characters on different social media groups,the proposed architecture will spawn beneficial *** useful information will,in turn,help the police both in predicting potential terrorist events and in investigating previous ***,this architecture will aid in the identification of criminals and their associates and *** is psychological warfare,which,in the broadest sense,can be defined as the utilisation of deliberate violence for economic,political or religious *** this study,a supervised learning-based approach was adopted to develop the proposed *** dataset was prepared from the suicide bomb blast data of Pakistan obtained from the South Asia Terrorism Portal(SATP).As the proposed architecture was simulated,the supervised learning-based classifiers na飗e Bayes and Hoeffding Tree reached 72.17%*** of the additional benefits this study offers is the ability to predict the target audience of potential suicide bomb blasts,which may be used to eliminate future threats or,at least,minimise the number of casualties and other property losses.

关键词： Extremism terrorism suicide bombing crime prediction pattern recognition machine learning supervised learning

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Acral melanoma detection using dermoscopic images and convolutional neural networks

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2021年第1期4卷 246-257页

作者： Qaiser Abbas Farheen Ramzan muhammad Usman ghani Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology54890 LahorePakistan

Acral melanoma(AM)is a rare and lethal type of skin *** can be diagnosed by expert dermatologists,using dermoscopic *** is challenging for dermatologists to diagnose melanoma because of the very minor differences between melanoma and non-melanoma *** of the research on skin cancer diagnosis is related to the binary classification of lesions into melanoma and ***,to date,limited research has been conducted on the classification of melanoma *** current study investigated the effectiveness of dermoscopy and deep learning in classifying melanoma subtypes,such as,*** this study,we present a novel deep learning model,developed to classify skin *** utilized a dermoscopic image dataset from the Yonsei University Health System South Korea for the classification of skin *** image processing and data augmentation techniques have been applied to develop a robust automated system for AM *** custombuilt model is a seven-layered deep convolutional network that was trained from ***,transfer learning was utilized to compare the performance of our model,where AlexNet and ResNet-18 were modified,fine-tuned,and trained on the same *** achieved improved results from our proposed model with an accuracy of more than 90%for AM and benign nevus,***,using the transfer learning approach,we achieved an average accuracy of nearly 97%,which is comparable to that of state-of-the-art *** our analysis and results,we found that our model performed well and was able to effectively classify skin *** results show that the proposed system can be used by dermatologists in the clinical decision-making process for the early diagnosis of AM.

关键词： Deep learning Acral melanoma Skin cancer detection Convolutional networks Dermoscopic images Medical image analysis Computer based diagnosis

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Foliar spraying of aqueous garlic bulb extract stimulates growth and antioxidant enzyme activity in eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第5期18卷 1001-1013页

作者： muhammad Ali CHENG Zhi-hui Sikandar Hayat Husain Ahmad muhammad Imran ghani LIU Tao Department of Vegetable Sciences College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F University

Recently,botanical extracts are gaining popularity as biostimulants in vegetable *** present study,the effect of aqueous garlic bulb extract(AGE)was studied on the growth and physiology of eggplant grown in plastic *** was foliage sprayed with various frequencies,i.e.,0,S1(once),S2(twice)and S3(three times)at two independent growth stages,pre-and *** results showed that the treated plants exhibited stimulatory responses in growth and physiology in accord with the repetition of AGE spray and growth stages of the plants,respectively.A single foliage sprayed pre-transplant resulted in improved growth,i.e.,plant morphology and biomass,and enhanced antioxidants enzymes(superoxide dismutase,SOD;peroxidase,POD),photosynthesis and chlorophyll abundance observed at vegetative,first flowering and fruit setting stages,***,thrice application inhibited the plant growth and development and resulted in lipid peroxidation,i.e.,increased malondialdehyde(MDA)*** addition,the post-transplant application also showed growth stimulation and interestingly,an overall positive influence was observed with respect to the AGE application and no significant increase in the MDA content indicated the post-transplant seedlings responded *** findings demonstrate that AGE can act as a biostimulant to enhance the eggplant growth in plastic tunnel production.

关键词： aqueous garlic bulb extract biostimulants plant growth malondialdehyde Solanum melongena L.

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5-Aminolevulinic acid alleviates herbicide-induced physiological and ultrastructural changes in Brassica napus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第3期17卷 579-592页

作者： XU Ling Faisal Islam ZHANG Wen-fang muhammad a ghani Basharat Ali Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang/College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 P.R.China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China Jiading District Agro-Technology Extension Service Center Shanghai 201800 P.R. China Institute of Horticultural Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation University of Bonn Bonn 53115 Germany

It is well known that application of 5-aminolevuJinic acid （ALA） could promote the plant growth under abiotic stress in oilseed rape （Brassica napus L.）. However, the specifics of its physiological and ultrastructural regulation under herbi- cide stress conditions are poorly understood. In the present study, alleviating role of ALA in B. napus was investigated under four levels of herbicide propyl 4-（2-（4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy） benzylamino） benzoate （ZJ0273）（0, 100, 200 and 500 mg L-1） with or without 1 mg L-1 ALA treated for 48 or 72 h. Results showed that after 48 h of herbicide stress, the growth of rape seedlings was significantly inhibited with the successive increases of the ZJ0273 concentrations from 0 to 500 mg L-1, but this inhibition was obviously alleviated by exogenous application of ALA. However, when treatment time prolonged to 72 h, the recovery effects of ALA could not be evaluated due to the death of plants treated with the highest concentration of ZJ0273 （500 mg L-1）. Further, the root oxidizability and activities of antioxidant enzymes （superoxide dismutase, perox- idase and ascorbate peroxidase） were dramatically enhanced by the application of 1 mg L-1 ALA under herbicide stress. Therefore, plants treated with ALA dynamically modulated their antioxidant defenses to reduce reactive oxygen species （ROS） accumulation and malondialdehyde （MDA） content induced by herbicide stress. Additionally, exogenously applied ALA improved the ultrastructure＇s of chloroplast, mitochondria and nucleus, and induced the production of stress proteins. Our results suggest that ALA could be considered as a potential plant growth regulator for the improvement of herbicide tolerance through alleviation of the physiological and ultrastructural changes induced by the herbicide in crop production.

关键词： Brassica napus L. ALA ZJ0273 plant growth antioxidant enzyme activities ultrastructure two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)

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Fake News Classification: Past, Current, and Future

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2225-2249页

作者： muhammad Usman ghani Khan Abid Mehmood Mourad Elhadef Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Information Technology Abu Dhabi UniversityAbu Dhabi59911United Arab Emirates Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureNisantasi UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The proliferation of deluding data such as fake news and phony audits on news web journals,online publications,and internet business apps has been aided by the availability of the web,cell phones,and social *** can quickly fabricate comments and news on social *** most difficult challenge is determining which news is real or ***,tracking down programmed techniques to recognize fake news online is *** an emphasis on false news,this study presents the evolution of artificial intelligence techniques for detecting spurious social media *** study shows past,current,and possible methods that can be used in the future for fake news *** different publicly available datasets containing political news are utilized for performing *** supervised learning algorithms are used,and their results show that conventional Machine Learning(ML)algorithms that were used in the past perform better on shorter text *** contrast,the currently used Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)and transformer-based algorithms perform better on longer ***,a brief comparison of all these techniques is provided,and it concluded that transformers have the potential to revolutionize Natural Language Processing(NLP)methods in the near future.

关键词： Supervised learning algorithms fake news classification online disinformation transformers recurrent neural network(RNN)disinformation transformers recurrent neural network(RNN)

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Cognitive Skill Enhancement System Using Neuro-Feedback for ADHD Patients

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 2363-2376页

作者： muhammad Usman ghani Khan Zubaira Naz Javeria Khan Tanzila Saba Ibrahim Abunadi Amjad Rehman Usman Tariq Al-khawarizmi Institute of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Lab CCIS Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of Computer Engineering and Science Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia

The National Health Interview Survey(NHIS)shows that there are 13.2%of children at the age of 11 to 17 who are suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD),*** treatment methods for ADHD are either psycho-stimulant medications or cognitive *** traditional methods,namely therapy,need a large number of visits to hospitals and include *** could be used for the effective treatment of *** could be a helpful tool in improving children and ADHD patients’cognitive skills by using Brain–Computer Interfaces(BCI).BCI enables the user to interact with the computer through brain activity using Electroencephalography(EEG),which can be used to control different computer applications by processing acquired brain *** paper proposes a system based on neurofeedback that can improve cognitive skills such as attention level,mediation level,and spatial *** proposed system consists of a puzzle game where its complexity increases with each *** signals were acquired using the Neurosky headset;then sent the signals to the designed gaming *** neurofeedback system was tested on 10 different subjects,and their performance was calculated using different evaluation *** results show that this game improves player overall performance from 74%to 98%by playing each game level.

关键词： Neurogaming brain-computer interface attention deficit hyperactivity disorder electroencephalography spatial memory cognitive skills attention level

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Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens(FPP)and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion(PGP):A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 1859-1877页

作者： Amjad Ali Yasir Iftikhar Mustansar Mubeen Haider Ali muhammad Ahmad Zeshan Zohaib Asad muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Malik Abdul Rehman Mazhar Abbas muhammad Rafique muhammad Usman ghani Department of Plant Protection Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58140Turkey Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan College of Bioscience University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Plant Pathology PMAS University of Arid AgricultureRawalpindi43490Pakistan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Citrus Research Institute Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of Karachi75270KarachiPakistan Pest warning&Quality Control of Pesticides SahiwalPunjab40210Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Since the 19th century to date,the fungal pathogens have been involved in causing devastating diseases in *** types of fungal pathogens have been observed in important agricultural crops that lead to significant pre and postharvest *** application of synthetic fungicide against the fungal plant pathogens(FPP)is a traditional management practice but at the same time these fungicides kill other beneficial microbes,insects,animal,and humans and are harmful to *** antagonistic microorganism such as bacteria are being used as an alternate strategy to control the *** antagonistic species are cost-effective and eco-friendly in *** biocontrol bacteria have a broad mechanism against fungal pathogens present in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of the *** antagonistic bacteria have different strategies against the FPP,by producing siderophore,biofilm,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),through parasitism,antibiosis,competition for limited resources and induce systemic resistance(ISR)in the host plant by activating the immune *** commercial bio-products synthesized by the major bacterial species Pseudomonas syringae,Burkholderia cepacia,Streptomyces griseoviridis,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis are used to control Fusarium,Pythium,Rhizoctonia,Penicillium,Alternaria,and *** commercial bio-formulations of bacteria act as both antifungal and plant growth *** Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)played a significant role in improving plant health by nitrogen-fixing,phosphorus solubilization,phytohormones production,minimizing soil metal contamination,and by ACC deaminase antifungal *** articles are available on the specific antifungal activity of bacteria in plant ***,this review article has summarized the information on biocontrol activity of bacteria against the FPP and the role of PGPR in plant growth *** review also provided a complete picture

关键词： Fungi plant pathogens synthetic fungicide antagonism bio-products PGPR

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