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Key aspects of underground hydrogen storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs and saline aquifers:A review and understanding

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 55-74页

作者： Rawaa A.Sadkhan Watheq j.al-Mudhafar Basra University of Oil and Gas BasrahIraq Basrah Oil Company BasrahIraq

Underground hydrogen storage is critical for renewable energy integration and *** aquifers and depleted oil and gas reservoirs represent viable large-scale hydrogen storage solutions due to their capacity and *** paper provides a comparative analysis of the current status of hydrogen storage in various ***,it assesses the geological compatibility,capacity,and security of these storage environments with minimal leakage and *** in-depth analysis was also conducted on the economic and environmental issues that impact the hydrogen *** addition,the capacity of these structures was also clarified,and it is similar to storing carbon dioxide,except for the cushion gas that is injected with hydrogen to provide pressure when withdrawing from the store to increase *** research also discusses the pros and cons of hydrogen storage in saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas *** include numerous storage sites,compatibility with existing infrastructure,and the possibility to repurpose declining oil and gas ***,it was identified that depleted gas reservoirs are better for hydrogen gas storage than depleted oil reservoirs because hydrogen gas may interact with the *** saline aquifers rank third because of uncertainty,limited capacity,construction and injection *** properties that affect the hydrogen injection process were also discussed in terms of solid,fluid,and solid-fluid *** all structures,successful implementation requires characterizing sites,monitoring and managing risks,and designing efficient storage *** findings expand hydrogen storage technology and enable a renewable energy-based energy system.

关键词： Underground hydrogen storage Renewable energy Depleted reservoirs Saline aquifers Fundamental review

Integrating petrophysical data into efficient iterative cluster analysis for electrofacies identification in clastic reservoirs

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 291-305页

作者： Mohammed A.Abbas Watheq j.al-Mudhafar Aqsa Anees David A.Wood Basrah Oil Company BasrahIraq Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming650500China DWA Energy Limited LincolnUK

Efficient iterative unsupervised machine learning involving probabilistic clustering analysis with the expectation-maximization(EM)clustering algorithm is applied to categorize reservoir facies by exploiting latent and observable well-log variables from a clastic reservoir in the Majnoon oilfield,southern *** observable well-log variables consist of conventional open-hole,well-log data and the computer-processed interpretation of gamma rays,bulk density,neutron porosity,compressional sonic,deep resistivity,shale volume,total porosity,and water saturation,from three wells located in the Nahr Umr *** latent variables include shale volume and water *** EM algorithm efficiently characterizes electrofacies through iterative machine learning to identify the local maximum likelihood estimates(MLE)of the observable and latent variables in the studied *** optimized EM model developed successfully predicts the core-derived facies classification in two of the studied *** EM model clusters the data into three distinctive reservoir electrofacies(F1,F2,and F3).F1 represents a gas-bearing electrofacies with low shale volume(Vsh)and water saturation(Sw)and high porosity and permeability values identifying it as an attractive reservoir *** results of the EM model are validated using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)data from the third studied well for which no cores were *** NMR results confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of the EM model in predicting *** utilization of the EM algorithm for electrofacies classification/cluster analysis is ***,the clusters it establishes are less rigidly constrained than those derived from the more commonly used K-means clustering *** EM methodology developed generates dependable electrofacies estimates in the studied reservoir intervals where core samples are not ***,once calibrated with core data in some wells,the model is suitable for

关键词： Cluster analysis Electrofacies classification Expectation-maximization(EM)algorithm Clastic reservoir Maximum likelihood estimate(MLE)

Tubular Heat Enhancement Using Twisted Tape Inserts with Large Holes

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Energy Engineering 2024年第2期121卷 273-290页

作者： ali jaber Abdulhamed Aws al-Akam Wisam j.Khudhayer ali Sabri allw Faculty of Engineering-al-Mussayib University of BabylonHillaBabylon15001Iraq

Heat augmentation techniques play a vital role in the heating and cooling processes in industries,including solar collectors and many applications that utilize heat *** studies are based on inserting fillers inside the tubes to enhance heat *** investigation considered the effects of twisted tapes with large holes on a tubular heat exchanger’s(HX)heat transmission,pressure drop,and thermal boosting *** the experimental section,counter-swirl flow generators used twisted tapes with pairs of 1.0 cm-diameter holes and changes in porosity(Rp)at 1.30%and 2.70%.In the experiments,air was utilized as a working fluid in a tube with a circular *** turbulent flow was considered,with Reynolds numbers(Re)domain from 4800 to 9500,and a boundary condition with a uniform wall heat flux was *** findings expound that when the number of holes rose,the Nusselt number(Nu),the factor of friction(f),and the thermal enhancement factor(η)all increased as ***,as the friction factor increased,the Nusselt number of the tape-equipped tube was noticeably ***,it was discovered that the friction factor was between 70%and 94%lower than the values of the tube without tape,while the(Nu)was between 87%and 97%higher than the conventional tube *** maximum value ofηis 89%.According to the experimental results,empirical correlations for Nu,f,andηwere also generated.

关键词： Tubular heat exchanger tape inserts twisted tape

COmbination of Targeted temperature management and Thrombectomy after acute Ischemic Stroke(COTTIS):a pilot study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 258-267页

作者： jürgen Bardutzky Rainer Kollmar Forat al-Rawi johann Lambeck Mohammad Fazel Christian Taschner Wolf-Dirk Niesen Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Medical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Neurology and Neurointensive Care Darmstadt HospitalDarmstadtGermany BrainCool AB LundSweden Department of Neuroradiology Medical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Background To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a fast initiation of cooling to a target temperature of 35℃by means of transnasal cooling in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion(LVO)undergoing endovascular thrombectomy(EVT).Methods Patients with an LVO onset ofal target temperature of 35℃was *** was maintained with surface cooling for 6-hour postrecanalisation,followed by active rewarming(+0.2℃/hour).The primary outcome was defined as the time required to reach 35℃,while secondary outcomes comprised clinical,radiological and safety *** Twenty-two patients(median age,77 years)were included in the study(14 received additional thrombolysis,4 additional stenting of the proximal internal carotid artery).The median time intervals were 309min for last-seen-normal-to-groin,58min for door-to-cooling-initiation,65min for door-to-groin and 123min for *** target temperature of 35℃was reached within 30min(range 13–78min),corresponding to a cooling rate of 2.6℃/*** recanalisation,86%of the patients had a body temperature of≤35℃.The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission was 15 and improved to 2 by day 7,and 68%of patients had a good outcome(modified Rankin Scale 0–2)at 3 *** complications included asymptomatic bradycardia(32%),pneumonia(18%)and asymptomatic haemorrhagic transformation(18%).Conclusion The combined application of hypothermia and thrombectomy was found to be feasible in sedated and ventilated *** events were comparable to those previously described for EVT in the absence of *** effect of this procedure will next be evaluated in the randomised COmbination of Targeted temperature management and Thrombectomy after acute Ischemic Stro

关键词： maintained continued initiated

Copernicrinus zamorae *** ***.,the oldest thiolliericrinid crinoid(Crinoidea,Echinodermata) from the Bajocian strata of algeria,Africa

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journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 237-251页

作者： Bartosz j.Pιachno Madani Benyoucef Fayc al Mekki Mohammed Adaci Imad Bouchemla Sreepat jain Marcin Krajewski Mariusz A.Salamon Faculty of Biology Institute of BotanyJagiellonian University in KrakowGronostajowa Street 930-387 KrakowPoland Laboratoire de Géomatique Ecologie et EnvironnementMustapha Stambouli University of MascaraDZ-29000 MascaraAlgeria Abou Bekr Belkaid University of Tlemcen TlemcenAlgeria Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of Biological and Agricultural SciencesMouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-OuzouTizi-OuzouAlgeria Adama Science and Technology University School of Applied Natural SciencesDepartment of Applied GeologyP.O.Box 1888AdamaEthiopia Faculty of Geology Geophysics and Environmental ProtectionAGH University of Science and TechnologyAl.A.Mickiewicza 30PL-30-059KrakowPoland Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Silesia in KatowiceBedzinska Street 60PL-41-200 SosnowiecPoland

The thiolliericrinids(Thiolliericrinidae) are comatulids(Comatulida),which retained their stalks as ***,we report a centrodorsal from the Bajocian strata(Middle jurassic) of the Djebel Kérdacha area,northwestern algeria(Africa).It is the first thiolliericrinid report from outside of Europe and also the oldest representative of the Thiolliericrinidae whose first occurrence is from the *** crinoid is assigned to Copernicrinus zamorae *** *** reported new taxon shows strong similarities with the stemless ‘true’comatulids,Solanocrinites;the only difference is the presence of a facet to the stem in *** closest comparable thiolliericrinid to Copernicrinus is the Oxfordian Thiolliericrinus,interpreted as a descendant of the *** origin and overview of all thiolliericrinid representatives are also discussed herein.

关键词： Thiolliericrinidae Crinoids Coral facies Bajocian jurassic algeria Southern Tethys margin

A Novel Layered Double Hydroxide and Dodecyl alcohol Assisted PCM Composite with High Latent Heat Storage Capacity and Thermal Conductivity

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journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 537-547页

作者： al-AHMED Amir SARI Ahmet KHAN Firoz al-RASHEIDI Masoud Hekimoğlu Gökhan AFZAal Mohammad A.alSULAMI Ahmed DAFalLA Hatim SalHI Billel A.alSULAIMAN Fahad Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzon61080Turkey Maths and Natural Sciences Division Higher Colleges of TechnologyP.O.Box 7947SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Core Research Facilities King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Dodecyl alcohol(DDA) is a promising solid-liquid phase change material(PCM) due to its favorable latent heat storage(LHS) ***,the leakage issue of PCM in a melted state during the heating period and low thermal conductivity restricts its utilization potential in thermal energy storage(TES) *** the same context,the present work aims to overcome the leakage issue and improve the thermal conductivity of the *** this in mind,a novel leak-proof layered double hydroxide(LDH)/DDA composite PCM is proposed through a solution-based impregnation *** leak-proof impregnation ratio of the DDA impregnated within the cavities of the synthesized al/Fe-LDH was determined to be 60%.Detailed morphological,physicochemical,and thermal properties of the fabricated composite were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermalgravimetric analysis(TGA),and thermal cycling *** results show that the LDH/DDA composite has a suitable phase change temperature(about 20℃) for passive solar thermal management of building *** composite PCM showed high LHS enthalpy(about136 j/g),good thermal stability,and cycling LHS *** also showed nearly 152% higher thermal conductivity compared to that of pure DDA,ultimately reducing the melting and solidification time of the pure DDA by 44.9% and 45.5%,respectively.

关键词： dodecyl alcohol layered double hydroxide composite PCM thermal conductivity thermal energy storage(TES)

Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency RF probe

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin j.Sanders Md al Raihan C.Adam Dyker Gillian R.Goward Bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variable field magnet Lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

Experimental studies on curling development of artificial soils

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第6期11卷 1264-1273页

作者： Duaa al-jeznawi Marcelo Sanchez Abbas j.al-Taie Marcin Zielinski Texas A&M University College StationTX77840-77845USA Department of Civil Engineering Al-Nahrain UniversityBaghdadIraq Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of StrathclydeScotlandG11XQUK

Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon *** study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(*** shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our *** are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in *** this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial *** effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are *** photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during *** is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling *** is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil *** of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.

关键词： Curling Shrinkage Desiccation cracking Sedimentation Suction Thin soil layers

A numerical investigation of CO2 dilution on the thermochemical characteristics of a swirl stabilized diffusion flame

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第2期41卷 327-348页

作者： S.VAKILIPOUR Y.TOHIDI j.al-ZAILI R.RIAZI Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies University of TehranNorth Kargar StreetTehranIran Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 5V6Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering&Aeronautics CityUniversity of LondonNorthampton SquareLondon EC1V 0HBU.K.

The turbulent combustion flow modeling is performed to study the effects of CO_2 addition to the fuel and oxidizer streams on the thermochemical characteristics of a swirl stabilized diffusion flame. A flamelet approach along with three well-known turbulence models is utilized to model the turbulent combustion flow field. The k-ω shear stress transport(SST) model shows the best agreement with the experimental measurements compared with other models. Therefore, the k-ω SST model is used to study the effects of CO_2 dilution on the flame structure and strength, temperature distribution, and CO concentration. To determine the chemical effects of CO_2 dilution, a fictitious species is replaced with the regular CO_2 in both the fuel stream and the oxidizer stream. The results indicate that the flame temperature decreases when CO_2 is added to either the fuel or the oxidizer stream. The flame length reduction is observed at all levels of CO_2 dilution. The H radical concentration indicating the flame strength decreases, following by the thermochemical effects of CO_2 dilution processes. In comparison with the fictitious species dilution, the chemical effects of CO_2 addition enhance the CO mass fraction. The numerical simulations show that when the dilution level is higher, the rate of the flame length reduction is more significant at low swirl numbers.

关键词： swirl stabilized flame CO2 dilution methane-air chemical effect turbulent flame structure steady flamelet model