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Multiplication factor for open ground storey buildings–a reliability based evaluation

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2016年第2期15卷 283-295页

作者： Haran Pragalath D.C Avadhoot Bhosale Robin Davis P Pradip sarkar Department of Civil Engineering NIT Rourkela

Open Ground Storey（OGS） framed buildings where the ground storey is kept open without infill walls, mainly to facilitate parking, is increasing commonly in urban areas. However, vulnerability of this type of buildings has been exposed in past earthquakes. OGS buildings are conventionally designed by a bare frame analysis that ignores the stiffness of the infill walls present in the upper storeys, but doing so underestimates the inter-storey drift（ISD） and thereby the force demand in the ground storey columns. Therefore, a multiplication factor（MF） is introduced in various international codes to estimate the design forces（bending moments and shear forces） in the ground storey columns. This study focuses on the seismic performance of typical OGS buildings designed by means of MFs. The probabilistic seismic demand models, fragility curves, reliability and cost indices for various frame models including bare frames and fully infilled frames are developed. It is found that the MF scheme suggested by the Israel code is better than other international codes in terms of reliability and cost.

关键词： frames probabilistic vulnerability facilitate details Probability codes multiplication drift columns

Microbial mat-related structures shared by both siliciclastic and carbonate formations

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2016年第3期5卷 278-291页

作者： Subir sarkar Adrita Choudhuri Sunipa Mandal Patrick G. Eriksson Department of Geological Sciences Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India Department of Geology University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa

Microbiota has always been the dominant life form, records of which are preserved in delicate forms within siticiclastic rocks. More pronounced record in the form of stromatotites possibly obscured the fact that many of the same delicate structures may be recognizable within carbonate rocks too. The Neo- proterozoic Bhander Limestone in central India bears many such structures that are quintessentially similar to microbial mat-related structures reported from the Paleoproterozoic Chorhat Sandstone preserved within the same, Vindhyan Basin. Extensive microscopic, ultramicroscopic, and geochemical studies address the appre- hension that such bedding plane structures in carbonate rocks could be merely weathering products. Trapping, binding and stabilitization of sediment by microbial mats are atl evident. Preferred pyritization along the inferred, predefined microbial mats confirmed on the basis of EPMA （Electron Probe Microanalysis） results, and the enhanced carbon content along these mats layers and within suspected mat chips associated with them, are revealing. Raman spectroscopy, indeed, evinces enhanced kerogen content within both mats and mat chips. Interestingly, these microbial mat layers are recognized selectively within the lower of the two tiers of the Bhander Limestone. The lagoonal carbonate of the lower tier of the Bhander Limestone is muddy and contains a substantial proportion of silt-sized quartz grains that possibly impeded stromatolite growth. Stromatolites abound in the wave agitated upper tier of the Bhander Limestone which is dominated by oosparite. This paper provides evidence that the delicate microbial mat-related structures reported so far only from siticictastic rocks can *** be recognized within carbonate formations, and hopes to stimulate the search for additional such features, more preferably within carbonates originated in shallow and quiet water.

关键词： Microbiat mat-retated structures Bhander timestone Chorhat sandstone Kerogen Preferredpyritization Impeded stromatotite ~rowth

Leaf Photosynthetic Activity and Antioxidant Defense Associated with Sub1 QTL in Rice Subjected to Submergence and Subsequent Re-aeration

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Rice science 2012年第2期19卷 108-116页

作者： Debabrata PANDA Ramani Kumar sarkar Division of Biochemistry Plant Physiology and Environmental SciencesCentral Rice Research Institute Rubber Research Institute of India Tura Meghalaya-794 001India

The influence of submergence on photosynthesis and antioxidant capacities in rice varieties Swarna and Swarna-Subl with or without Sub1 QTL were evaluated under control, simulated complete submergence and subsequent re-aeration. The leaf photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance decreased in the both varieties during the progression of submergence as compared to the control plants, but significant varietal differences were observed after 1 d of submergence. Submergence also altered the PSII activity, as reflected in a decrease in the values of Fo, Fm and Fv/Fm and degradation of chlorophyll, more in Swarna than in Swarna-Subl. During early submergence period, the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, dehydroascorbate reductase （DHAR）, glutathione reductase （GR） against reactive oxygen species were increased in the both varieties. However, with the progress of submergence period （after 7 d）, the activities of SOD, catalase （CAT）, APX, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX）, GR and DHAR declined, more in Swarna than in Swarna-Subl. During re-aeration, Swarna-Subl showed significant increase of above antioxidant enzymes but not in Swarna, Swarna-Subl improves photosynthetic activity, showing higher photosynthetic rate compared to Swarna under submergence and subsequent re-aeration because of less degradation of chlorophyll, higher stomatal conductance, and efficient PSII activity along with better antioxidant protection from oxidative damage.

关键词： antioxidant chlorophyll fluorescence photosynthesis submergence tolerance

Assessing and mapping soil erosion risk zone in Ratlam District, central India

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第4期3卷 373-390页

作者： Sunil SAHA Debabrata sarkar Prolay MONDAL Department of Geography Raiganj UniversityRaiganjUttar DinajpurWest Bengal733134India

Evaluation of physical and quantitative data of soil erosion is crucial to the sustainable development of the environment. The extreme form of land degradation through different forms of erosion is one of the major problems in the sub-tropical monsoon-dominated region. In India, tackling soil erosion is one of the major geo-environmental issues for its environment. Thus, identifying soil erosion risk zones and taking preventative actions are vital for crop production management. Soil erosion is induced by climate change, topographic conditions, soil texture, agricultural systems, and land management. In this research, the soil erosion risk zones of Ratlam District was determined by employing the Geographic Information System(GIS), Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE), Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), and machine learning algorithms(Random Forest and Reduced Error Pruning(REP) tree). RUSLE measured the rainfall eosivity(R), soil erodibility(K), length of slope and steepness(LS), land cover and management(C), and support practices(P) factors. Kappa statistic was used to configure model reliability and it was found that Random Forest and AHP have higher reliability than other models. About 14.73%(715.94 km^(2)) of the study area has very low risk to soil erosion, with an average soil erosion rate of 0.00-7.00×10^(3)kg/(hm^(2)·a), while about 7.46%(362.52 km^(2)) of the study area has very high risk to soil erosion, with an average soil erosion rate of 30.00×10^(3)-48.00×10^(3)kg/(hm^(2)·a). Slope, elevation, stream density, Stream Power Index(SPI), rainfall, and land use and land cover(LULC) all affect soil erosion. The current study could help the government and non-government agencies to employ developmental projects and policies accordingly. However, the outcomes of the present research also could be used to prevent, monitor, and control soil erosion in the study area by employing restoration measures.

关键词： Soil erosion risk Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) Machine learning algorithms Kappa coefficient Ratlam District India

Vivax malaria:a rare cause of thalamic bleed

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 665-666页

作者： Jaydeep sarkar Biku Naik Atul Gawande Atul Goel Department of Internal Medicine Lady Hardinge Medical CollegePGIMERand Dr.RML HospitalNew DelhiIndia

Most common cause of thalamic bleed is hypertension;other causes are arteriovenous malformation,aneurysm,bleeding thathesis,drugs,amyloid angiopathy,tumor *** present a case of Plasmodium vivax(***) malaria with unusual site of bleeding *** thalamus of *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first reported case of thalamic bleed caused by vivax malaria in absence of severe thrombocytopenia/disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

关键词： Malaria Plasmodium vivax Bleed Thalamus Rapid malaria test

Dupuytren’s disease:A review

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第3期6卷 142-148页

作者： Malay sarkar Nitin Kashyap Irappa Madabhavi Department of Pulmonary Medicine Indira Gandhi Medical CollegeShimla 171001Himachal PradeshIndia Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Atal Institute of Medical SuperspecialitiesShimla 171001Himachal PradeshIndia Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical CollegeKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagaviKarnataka 590010India

Dupuytren’s disease is a well-known benign fibroproliferative disorder that affects the palmar and digital fasciae of the *** spectrum includes nodule formation,cord formation,and flexion contracture of the digits,which may result in functional *** deformities are often progressive and *** is a cornerstone *** review discusses the epidemiology,pathophysiology,risk factors,clinical manifestations,and management of Dupuytren’s disease.

关键词： Dupuytren’s contracture Dupuytren’s disease Palmar aponeurosis Fasciectomy

Lingual hematoma causing upper airway obstruction:an unusual manifestation of dengue fever

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第5期4卷 412-413页

作者： Jaydeep sarkar Charu Mohan DN Misra Atul Goel Department of Internal Medicine Lady Hardinge Medical CollegePGIMERDrRML Hospital

The spectrum of dengue infection varies from dengue fever to more severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever(DHF) and dengue shock syndrome(DSS).In DHF bleeding may be overt (external) or *** time bleeding can occur at unusual *** report one such case of DHF in which bleeding occurred within the tongue manifesting as an intra-lingual hematoma, causing significant upper airway obstruction.

关键词： Hematoma Tongue Dengue Platelet

Facile synthesis of asymmetric patchy Janus Ag/Cu particles and study of their antifungal activity

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2020年第1期14卷 24-32页

作者： Sudipta Biswas Satadru Pramanik Suman Mandal Sudeshna sarkar Sujata Chaudhuri Swati De Department of Chemistry University of KalyaniKalyani741235NadiaWBIndia Department of Botany University of KalyaniKalyani741235NadiaWBIndia Department of Chemistry Basirhat CollegeNorth 24 Parganas743412BasirhatWBIndia

Asymmetric patchy Ag/Cu Janus nanoparticles(NPs)were synthesized via a“seed-mediated”*** is the first report of synthesis of nanometer sized metal-based Janus NPs without using complicated *** adsorption of the surfactant onto the seed NPs leads to the formation of Janus type *** the reduction potential of Ag+/Ag0 and Cu2+/Cu0 systems directs the formation of the“patch”.The patchy Janus NPs show significant antifungal activity towards a potent rice pathogen thus offering the prospect of future application in crop protection.

关键词： patchy Janus nanoparticle seed mediated method CTAB antifungal activity

A 2DEG charge density based drain current model for various Al and In molefraction mobility dependent nano-scale AlInGaN/AlN/GaN HEMT devices

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第4期34卷 24-29页

作者： Godwin Raj Hemant Pardeshi Sudhansu Kumar Pati N Mohankumar Chandan Kumar sarkar Nano Device Simulation Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering DepartmentJadavpur UniversityKolkata-700 032India SKP Engineering College TiruvannamalaiTamilnadu-606 611India

We present a two-dimensional electron gas （2DEG） charge-control mobility variation based drain cur- rent model for sheet carrier density in the channel. The model was developed for the AIInGaN/A1N/GaN high- electron-mobility transistor. The sheet carrier density model used here accounts for the independence between the Fermi levels Ef and ns along with mobility for various AI and In molefractions. This physics based ns model fully depends upon the variation of El, u0, the first subband E0, the second subband El, and as. We present a physics based analytical drain current model using ns with the minimum set of parameters. The analytical resuks obtained are compared with the experimental results for four samples with various molefraction and barrier thickness. A good agreement between the results is obtained, thus validating the model.

关键词： 2DEG Fermi level AlInGaN