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Privacy Preserving Scheme for Location-Based Services

Journal of Information Security 2012年第2期3卷 105-112页

作者： Youssef Gahi mouhcine guennoun Zouhair guennoun Khalil El-Khatib Laboratoire d’Electronique et de Communications—LEC Ecole Mohammadia d’Ingénieurs—EMI Université Mohammed V-Agdal—UM5A. BP Rabat Morocco University of Ontario Institute of Technology Oshawa Canada

Homomorphic encryption schemes make it possible to perform arithmetic operations, like additions and multiplications, over encrypted values. This capability provides enhanced protection for data and offers new research directions, including blind data processing. Using homomorphic encryption schemes, a Location-Based Service (LBS) can process encrypted inputs to retrieve encrypted location-related information. The retrieved encrypted data can only be decrypted by the user who requested the data. The technology still faces two main challenges: the encountered processing time and the upper limit imposed on the allowed number of operations. However, the protection of users’ privacy achieved through this technology makes it attractive for more research and enhancing. In this paper we use homomorphic encryption schemes to build a fully secure system that allows users to benefit from location-based services while preserving the confidentiality and integrity of their data. Our novel system consists of search circuits that allow an executor (i.e. LBS server) to receive encrypted inputs/requests and then perform a blind search to retrieve encrypted records that match the selection criterion. A querier can send the user’s position and the service type he/she is looking for, in encrypted form, to a server and then the server would respond to the request without any knowledge of the contents of the request and the retrieved records. We further propose a prototype that improves the practicality of our system.

关键词： Privacy Location Based Services Homomorphic Encryption

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Priority-Based CCA Periods for Efficient and Reliable Communications in Wireless Sensor Networks

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Wireless Sensor Network 2012年第2期4卷 45-51页

作者： Mounib Khanafer mouhcine guennoun Hussein T. Mouftah School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

The IEEE 802.15.4 standard utilizes the CSMA-CA mechanism to control nodes’ access to the shared wireless communication medium. CSMA-CA implements the Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) algorithm by which a node refrains from sending any packet before the expiry of its backoff period. After that, the node is required to sense the medium for two successive time slots to assert that the medium is clear from any ongoing transmissions (this is referred to as Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)). Upon finding the medium busy, the node doubles its backoff period and repeats that process. While effective in reducing the likelihood of collisions, this approach takes no measures to preserve the priorities among the nodes contending to access the medium. In this paper we propose the Priority-Based BEB (PB-BEB) algorithm in which we enhance BEB such that nodes’ priority is preserved. We provide a simulation study to examine the performance of PB-BEB. Our simulations show that the latter not only outperforms BEB in terms of fairness, but also show promising results in terms other parameters like channel utilization, reliability, and power conservation.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks Beacon-Enabled IEEE 802.15.4 Binary Exponent Backoff Priority-Based Backoff Fairness Power Consumption Reliability Channel Utilization

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