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Hyperuricemia in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in the General Hospital of National Reference of N’Djamena (Chad)

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2017年第1期7卷 9-18页

作者： Guillaume Mahamat Abderraman Ibrahim Hamat Zeinabou Maiga Moussa Tondi Ahmed Tall Lemrabott Maria Faye cisse mouhamadou moustapha Kossi Akomola Sabi Ka Elhaj Fary Ka Niang Abdou Diouf Boucar Hemodialysis Unit H&#244pital Général de Référence Nationale (HGRN) N’Djamena Tchad Medical Department FSS/ Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Service de Néphrologie et Hémodialyse H&#244pital National Lamordé de Niamey Niamey Niger Nephrology service H&#244pital Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Nephrology and Hemodialysis Service CHU SO Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: Hyperuricemia is defined as a level of serum uric acid greater than or equal to 70 mg/l (420 μmol/l) in men and 60 mg/l (360 μmol/l) in women. Several studies have shown that it is a risk factor or a factor of progression of chronic kidney disease. Recent experimental and epidemiological data correlate the association of hyperuricemia with chronic kidney disease (CKD), arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, thus raising the question of the usefulness of therapeutics in the prevention of renal diseases. The objective of this study is to seek a link between chronic kidney disease and hyperuricemia. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study conducted at hemodialysis unit and cardiology service of General Hospital of National reference of N’Djamena (Chad) from 1th January to 1th October 2013 (10 months). We included all chronic kidney disease patients hospitalized in hemodialysis unit and cardiology service who presented associated hyperuricemia. Results: There were 712 CKD patients who were hospitalized. Among them, there were 108 patients who were included in the study and who had hyperuricemia as a prevalence of 15.20%. The average age of patients was 35.5 years and the sex ratio was 3/1. The age group between 40 to 60 years represented 54.6%. There were 41.7% of traders. Hypertensive patients accounted for 49.1%;association of diabetes and hypertension was noted in 12.90%. Renal insufficiency was moderate in 43.5% of patients. Hyperuricemia was present in more than 90% of patients. Profession, age, hematuria, proteinuria and hypertension were statistically positively related to hyperuricemia. Treatment consisted of prescribing allopurinol in 84% of patients. In more than 11% of patients the progression was unfavorable. Conclusion: The implication of hyperuricemia in chronic kidney disease has been proved in several recent studies. However, randomized studies at very long scales have to be carried out to conclude from

关键词： Component Formatting Style Styling

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Petrography and Mineralogy of the Eocene Phosphate Deposit of Tobène (Ta&#239ba, Senegal)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第5期6卷 193-209页

作者： Ndè ye Penda Dione moustapha Diagne mouhamadou Bachir Diouf Mamadou Fall Pierre Giresse Department of Geology Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal CEFREM Université de Perpignan UPVD Perpignan France

The Tobène deposit forms, with those of NdomorDiop and KeurMor Fall, the large phosphate deposit of Ta?ba. The Tobène site has been the subject of lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic, mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical studies. The lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic studies dated the series from Lutetian to Bartonian composed of five lithological units, which are assembled by [1] in three formations. The mineralogical study shows three groups of minerals associated with the different phosphatic facies identified in the various sectors of Tobène: 1) characteristic minerals of sedimentological conditions;2) minerals of diagenetic origin;3) minerals of alteration. The petrographic study allowed an inventory of the constituting visible grains of the microfacies as well as the different phases of diagenetic and post-diagenetic transformations that may have affected them. It thus appears that the phosphatic ore of Tobène has undergone an extensive diagenesis (compaction, dissolution-recrystallization, epigenesis) to which a relatively intense ferruginization has been added.

关键词： Tobène Phosphate Petrography Mineralogy Alteration

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Profile of Patients with Acute Renal Injury in N’Djamena: About 36 Cases

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2017年第1期7卷 1-8页

作者： Guillaume Mahamat Abderraman Hamat Ibrahim Moussa Tondi Zeinabou Maiga Tall Ahmed Lemrabott Faye Maria Kossi Akomola Sabi Mahamat Youssouf cisse mouhamadou moustapha Ka Elhaj Fary Ka Niang Abdou Diouf Boucar Hemodialysis Unit H&#244pital Général de Référence Nationale N’Djamena Tchad Medical Department-FSS/Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Service de Néphrologie et Hémodialyse H&#244pital National Lamordé de Niamey Niamey Niger Nephrology service H&#244pital Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Nephrology and Hemodialysis Service CHU SO Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: The incidence of acute renal injury (AKI) has increased in recent decades. Acute renal failure is defined by the abrupt arrest (within hours or days) of the kidney excretory function. Oliguria (urine output 24h) is presented in about half of the cases. The circumstances of the occurrence of AKI are multiple: surgical, traumatic, obstetric, medical, often obvious. Its prognosis depends on the speed of management and the associated organ failure. The objective of this study is to describe the profile of patients in emergency hemodialysis at the Nephrology Unit of the National Reference General Hospital (HGRN) in N’Djamena, Chad. Methods: This was a multicenter, descriptive study in patients with acute renal failure place over a period of 12 months in the emergency departments of the 2 hospitals in N’Djamena. Defined as carriers of an AKI (RIFLE criteria), patients with: 1) Oliguria: urinary output 400 ml/24h ( 350 μmol/l or decrease of GFR by 75%. Results: Of the 311 patients admitted, 36 cases met the inclusion criteria, a frequency of 11.57%. The mean age was 34.46 years with extremes ranging from 7 to 80 years. The female sex predominated with 52.80% as sex ratio of 0.91. Isolated hypertension was noted with 38.88%. Dyspnea accounted for 41.66% of patients admitted to emergency departments. In our series, 50% of our patients had hyperthermia at admission. Oliguria was observed in 41.70% of the cases. Edema accounted for 33.33% of cases. The AKI with the “failure” criterion was 58.34% (21/36), with the criterion “injury” 25% (9 cases) and the criterion “risk” 16.66 (6 cases). AKI were organic in 83.34% (30/36). It was noted that 14 patients, 38.8% had an infectious syndrome. There were 6 patients who had (16.66%) an obstructive AKI, 5 patients (13.88%) had eclampsia, 4 patients (11.12%) had hepatoce

关键词： Acute Renal Injury Hemodialysis Epidemiology Chad Component Formatting Style Styling

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Prolactin Adenomas in Senegal: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of 89 Cases

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2023年第3期13卷 209-217页

作者： Michel Assane Ndour Demba Diédhiou Djiby Sow Boundia Djiba Mouhamed Dieng Ibrahima Mané Diallo Fatou Kiné Gadji Julie Borges Muriel Diembou Fama Mody Ndiaye El Hadj mouhamadou moustapha Thioye Charles Halim Philippe Moreira Anna Sarr Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye Medical Clinic II Abass Ndao Hospital Center Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: In Senegal, there is very little data on prolactinomas despite their negative impact on couples fertility. Patients and methods: This was a multicentre, retrospective, descriptive, analytical study conducted from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2022 in the neurosurgery departments of the Fann and Principal hospitals and the endocrinology department of the Abass Ndao Hospital. Results: We included 89 patients, representing a prevalence of 36.7% among all cases of pituitary adenoma. The mean age was 35.6 ± 10 years and the sex ratio was 0.34. The mean time to consultation was 27.1 ± 29 months. Clinical symptoms were dominated by gonadotropic disorders represented by galactorrhoea (71 cases, 79.8%), amenorrhoea (61 cases, 68.5%), and infertility in the couple (31 cases, 34.8%). Fifty-seven (58) patients presented with a tumour syndrome (65.2%, including 57 cases of headache (64%), 34 cases of visual disorders (38.2%) and 8 patients with a dysmorphic syndrome (8.9%). Imaging revealed a macroadenoma in 68.5% (61 cases) and extension of the adenoma in 11 patients (12.4%). The hormonal profile was isolated lactotropic hypersecretion (80 cases, 89.9%) and mixed in 9 cases (including concomitant secretion of GH in 8 cases and ACTH in 1 case). All patients had initially benefited? from dopaminergic agonist-based medical treatment. Pituitary surgery was effective in 45 patients (50.6%), including 44 cases by transsphenoidal approach. Postoperative incidents included transient diabetes insipidus (77.7%) and cerebrospinal fluid leakage (20%). We noted 7 cases (7.9%) of death presenting with a tumour syndrome (100%), a macro-adenoma (85.7%), having undergone pituitary surgery (42.9%). The factors significantly associated with prolactinoma were young age (p Conclusion: This series also demonstrates the impact of prolactin adenomas on reproductive function. Delayed diagnosis explains the predominance of macroadenomas, which are a source of pre- and post-operative compli

关键词： Prolactinoma Fertility Disorders Tumour Syndrome Pituitary Adenomas

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Profile of Female Hyperandrogenism at the Medical Clinic II: About 19 Cases

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第5期13卷 63-74页

作者： Michel Assane Ndour Demba Diédhiou Djiby Sow Ibrahima Mané Diallo Mouhamed Dieng Fatou Gueye Astou Mbodj Julie Borges Preira Fatou Kiné Gadji Muriel Diembou Fama Ndiaye El Hadj mouhamadou moustapha Thioye Charles Halim Anna Sarr Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye Internal Medicine Department Abass Ndao Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Female hyperandrogenism is essentially manifested by hirsutism. It is present in Senegal but not yet elucidated for lack of data. This is why we proposed to study the profile of hyperandrogenism in our context. Patients and Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional cohort study of 19 patients of reproductive age followed for hyperandrogenism at the Medical Clinic II of Abass Ndao Hospital, from November 1st, 2019 to August 31st, 2021. Results: Our cohort consisted of women with an average age of 25.3 years, single (73.7%), with a low socioeconomic level (42.1%). A family history of hirsutism was found in 31.6% of cases. The main reasons for consultation were a menstrual cycle disorder in 94.7% of cases, and hirsutism in 78.9% of cases. The latter was post-pubertal (66.7%), with a slow or progressive evolution. The physical examination revealed: hirsutism (100%) with an average modified Ferriman Gallwey score (mFG) of 8.9 ± 5.8, acne (36.8%), hyperseborrhea (57.9%), major signs of virilization (10.5%), acanthosis nigricans (47.4%) and galactorrhea (5.3%). Hormonal explorations revealed an elevation of: testosterone (31.6%), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (5.3%), dihydrotestosterone (31.6%), and prolactin (10.5%). The ovarian morphology was micropolycystic (84.2%). The etiological profile corresponded to polycystic ovarian syndrome or PCOS (68.4%), ovarian hyperthecosis (10.5%), hyperprolactinemia (10.5%), congenital adrenal hyperplasia or CAH (5.3%). Idiopathic hirsutism was found in 5.3% of cases. Conclusion: Female hyperandrogenism is a less frequent reason for consultation in endocrinology. It deserves to be further evaluated in a large-scale study focused on epidemiological, clinico-biological and etiological investigation, in order to assess its prevalence and better define its profile in our context.

关键词： Female Hyperandrogenism Hirsutism Senegal

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Severity and Magnitude of Caries among Rural Populations in Ferlo in Senegal

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2016年第1期6卷 10-15页

作者： Diouf Massamba Boetsch Gilles cisse Daouda Lo Cheikh mouhamadou Mbacké Kanouté Aida Diop Mbatio Barro Ibrahima Faye Daouda Public Health Service Department of Dentistry Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal CNRS-UMI “Environment Health Society” Marseille France

Oral diseases belong to non-communicable diseases. They are characterized by their importance especially in disadvantaged areas. The objective of this study was to measure the extent and severity of caries among rural populations of Widou, an area located in central Ferlo. It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study which involved 300 individuals selected using simple random sampling. The socio-demographic characteristics collected were sex, age, educational level and occupation. The dental status was rated by the prevalence of dental caries and DMF and its components. The data were analyzed with the software Epi info 3.4.5 with 5% of threshold statistical significance. The prevalence of dental caries was 89%. The mean DMF was 5.4 ± 5.6 with a maximum of 26. The mean of component “D” was 3.8 with a maximum of 24. Variables significantly associated with dental caries were sex (p = 0.012) and occupation (p = 0.03). The extent and severity of caries in rural areas of the Ferlo evoke a relatively low support or management and require efforts in prevention, directed on oral hygiene and dietary habits.

关键词： Dental Status Rural Population Ferlo Senegal

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Complementarity of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Data for Mapping Agricultural Areas in Senegal

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2020年第3期9卷 101-115页

作者： Gayane Faye Fama Mbengue Lacina Coulibaly Mamadou Adama Sarr Modou Mbaye Amath Tall Dome Tine Omar Marigo mouhamadou moustapha Mbacke Ndour Laboratoire de Télédétection Appliquée Institut des Sciences de la Terre Cheikh Anta DIOP University of Dakar (LTA/IST/UCAD) Dakar Senegal Laboratoire de Géomatique Environnementale école de Foresterie Université de Moncton Nouveau-Brunswick Canada Centre de Suivi Ecologique (CSE) of Dakar Dakar Senegal Laboratoire d’études et de Recherche en Statistique et Développement UFR de Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie Département de Mathématiques Appliquées Université Gaston BERGER of Saint-Louis Dakar Senegal Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture (ENSA) Thies University Thies Senegal UFR Science de l’Ingenieur Thies University Thies Senegal

The small size of agricultural plots is the main difficulty for crops mapping with remote sensing data in the Sahelian region of Africa. The study aims to combine Sentinel-1 (radar) and Sentinel-2 (Optic) data to discriminate millet, maize and peanut crops. Training plots were used in order to analyse temporal variation of the three crops’ signals. The NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) was able to differentiate crops only at the end of the rainy season (October). The optical data as well as the radar ones could not easily discriminate the three crops during the growing season, because in that period vegetation cover is low, and soil contribution to the signals (due to roughness and moisture) was more important than that of real vegetation. However, the ratio of VH/VV (VH: incident signal in vertical polarization and reflected signal in horizontal polarization;VV: incident signal in vertical polarization and reflected signal in horizontal polarization) gave a difference between millet and the two other crops at the beginning cultural season (July 11). Difference appears from the second third of September when the harvest of cereals crops (millet and maize) began. From middle of October, the peanut signal dropped sharply thus facilitating the differentiation of peanut from the two other crops. This analysis led to the identification of data that have could be used to discriminate these crops (useful data). Classification of the combined useful data gave an overall high accuracy of 82%, with 96%, 61% and 65% for peanut, maize and millet, respectively. The non-agricultural areas (water, natural vegetation, habit, bare soil) were well classified with an accuracy greater than 90%.

关键词： Agricultural Areas Remote Sensing Sentinel-1 Sentinel-2 Senegal

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Evaluation of Kidney Function in Patients with COVID-19 at the Epidemiological Treatment Centre in CHNU Fann

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2023年第1期13卷 17-24页

作者： Thioune Ndeye Mareme Kandji Pape Matar Djite moustapha Barry Nene Oumou Kesso Zaamoumi Bassma Kane Mame Coumba Diagne Bineta Mbacke Mame Ndoumbé Sagne René Ngor Ndour El Hadji Malick Gueye-Tall Fatou Lopez-Sall Philomene cisse Aynina Diop Pape Amadou Gueye Papa Madieye Laboratory of Biochemistry-Hematology National University Hospital of Fann Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Alteration of renal function during SARS-CoV-2 infection is frequent and is associated with excess mortality. It is multifactorial, involving mechanisms more specific to COVID-19: viral invasion, endothelitis and thrombosis, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the objective of this work was to assess renal function in patients with moderate and severe forms of COVID-19. This was a prospective cross-sectional study of patients with COVID-19. The parameters studied were age, sex, uremia, creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). All biological parameters were measured with the A15 Biosystems automated system (Barcelona, Spain) and the GFR was calculated according to the MDRD formula. Data processing was carried out with the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software version 23. Our study population consisted of 192 subjects with COVID-19, of which 111 were moderate and 81 were severe. The mean age of our subjects was 60 years and a sex ratio of 1.02. GFR assessment showed that 28% of the population had a lowered GFR (2). Analysis of the results according to the clinical forms showed frequencies of 19% of disturbance of renal function for the moderate forms against 40% for the severe forms. Impaired renal function appears to be frequent in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is associated with a bad prognosis. Any patient hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 should benefit from an initial nephrological assessment which could be used as a marker to dictate the prognosis of the severity of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 CTE GFR Renal Function SARS-CoV-2

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Factors Associated with Death among Tuberculosis Patients in Dakar

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 122-139页

作者： moustapha Diop Papa Samba Ba Jean Augustin Diegane Tine Ndèye Maguette Fall Tracie Youbong mouhamadou Ndiaye Ndèye Mouminatou Mbaye Mouhamed Bouye Nestor Diatta Alassane Sarr Sokhna Walo Ndiaye Ibrahima cisse Louise Fortes Degenonvo Abdourahmane Niang Adama Faye Moussa Seydi Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Health and Development Institute Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases FANN Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Pulmonology Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Faculty of Medicine and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Private Institute for Training and Research in Medicine Dakar Senegal

Introduction-Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. The predictors of mortality due to TB are rarely evaluated in Senegal. The aim of our study was to identify factors associated with related TB death in two treatment centers in Dakar, Senegal. Method: We conducted a prospective descriptive-analytical study dealing with TB patients followed in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at FANN Teaching Hospital and Dakar Principal Hospital and in the Department of Pulmonology at Dakar Principal Hospital from March 1st, 2019 to February 29th, 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the associated factors of death. Results: Two hundred eighty-two patients in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at FANN teaching hospital (57%), in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at Dakar Principal Hospital (31%), and in the Department of Pulmonology at Dakar Principal Hospital (12%) were included in the study. The mean age was 39 ± 16 years and the male to female ratio was 2.2. Isolated pulmonary TB, isolated extrapulmonary TB, and both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB were present in 33.3%, 30.5% and 36.2% of cases, respectively. Twenty-two patients died, corresponding to a mortality rate of 7.8%. Factors independently associated with death were age ≥ 60 years (26.2 [3.6 - 191.2]) compared to 16 - 40 years’ age group, HIV infection (7.2 [1.4 - 36.9]), neurological localization of TB (13.19 [3.2 - 54.3]), and hemoglobin level Conclusion: Tuberculosis remains a fatal disease despite therapeutic advances. Better knowledge of associated factors of death from TB may help to reduce its mortality.

关键词： Tuberculosis Death Associated Factors Dakar

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Report of a New Case of Interlocking Heads in a Breech-Vertex Twin Delivery: A Conversation with My Residents

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第1期11卷 40-47页

作者： Mamour Gueye mouhamadou Wade Aissatou Mbodji Mame Diarra Ndiaye Ndiémé Mbaye Mor Talla Ndiaye Rahadat Ibrahim Amadou Lamine cisse Aliou Djiby Dia Aliou cisse Moussa Diallo Omar Gassama Ousmane Thiam Magatte Mbaye Philippe Senghor Health Center Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

“Locked twins” is a rare event occurring in about 1 in every 1000 twin births. A 21-year-old primigravida with a 31-week twin pregnancy was admitted for delivery. The head of the first twin was locked to the chin of the second twin at the top of the symphysis pubis. Caesarean section was performed allowing the delivery of both dead twins. Twins gestations with first twin in the breech presentation raise index of suspicion of potential locked twin. However, management of such situation is controversial with most authors and colleges recommending caesarean section to avoid interlocking heads. We report another rare case of interlocking heads and bring up the topic about management of breech-first twin deliveries.

关键词： Interlocking Heads Breech Presentation Twins Recommendations

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