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National Science Review 2021年第5期8卷 57-66页

作者： Fangyuan Mao Cunyu Liu morgan hill chase Andrew K.Smith Jin Meng Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Division of Paleontology American Museum of Natural History Beipiao Pterosaur Museum of China 5. Microscopy and Imaging Facility American Museum of Natural History Earth and Environmental Sciences Graduate CenterCity University of New York

We report a new Cretaceous multituberculate mammal with 3 D auditory bones preserved. Along with other fossil and extant mammals, the unequivocal auditory bones display features potentially representing ancestral phenotypes of the mammalian middle ear. These phenotypes show that the ectotympanic and the malleus-incus complex changed notably during their retreating from the dentary at various evolutionary stages and suggest convergent evolution of some features to extant mammals. In contrast, the incudomalleolar joint was conservative in having a braced hinge configuration, which narrows the morphological gap between the quadroarticular jaw joint of non-mammalian cynodonts and the incudomalleolar articulations of extant mammals. The saddle-shaped and abutting malleus-incus complexes in therians and monotremes, respectively, could have evolved from the braced hinge joint *** evolutionary changes recorded in the Mesozoic mammals are largely consistent with the middle ear morphogenesis during the ontogeny of extant mammals, supporting the relation between evolution and development.

关键词： Cretaceous Jehol Biota malleus-incus ectotympanic mammal evolution

Oral anti-coagulants use in Chinese hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 172-180页

作者： Jing Lin Deyong Long Chenxi Jiang Caihua Sang Ribo Tang Songnan Li Wei Wang Xueyuan Guo Man Ning Zhaoqing Sun Na Yang Yongchen Hao Jun Liu Jing Liu Xin Du Louise morgan Gregg C.Fonarow Sidney C.Smith Jr Gregory Y.H.Lip Dong Zhao Jianzeng Dong Changsheng Ma On behalf of CCC-AF investigators Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing 100029 China Department of Epidemiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China International Quality Improvement Department American Heart AssociationDallasTX 07076USA Division of Cardiology Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90024USA Division of Cardiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Cardiology Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L143PEUK Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark 不详

Background:Oral anti-coagulants(OAC)are the intervention for the prevention of stroke,which consistently improve clinical outcomes and survival among patients with atrial fibrillation(AF).The main purpose of this study is to identify problems in OAC utilization among hospitalized patients with AF in ***:Using data from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Atrial Fibrillation(CCC-AF)registry,guideline-recommended OAC use in eligible patients was ***:A total of 52,530 patients with non-valvular AF were enrolled from February 2015 to December 2019,of whom 38,203 were at a high risk of stroke,9717 were at a moderate risk,and 4610 were at a low *** admission,only 20.0%(6075/30,420)of patients with a diagnosed AF and a high risk of stroke were taking *** use of pre-hospital OAC on admission was associated with a lower risk of new-onset ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack among the diagnosed AF population(adjusted odds ratio:0.54,95%confidence interval:0.43-0.68;P70%of AF patients were at a high risk of *** poor performance on guideline-recommended OAC use was found in this study,over time the CCC-AF project has made progress in stroke prevention in the Chinese AF ***

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Oral anti-coagulants OAC Stroke prevention Contraindication

The involvement of interleukin-22 in the expression of pancreatic beta cell regenerative Reg genes

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Cell Regeneration 2013年第1期2卷 7-17页

作者： Thomas hill Olga Krougly Enayat Nikoopour Stacey Bellemore Edwin Lee-Chan Lynette A Fouser David J hill Bhagirath Singh Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Inflammation and Immunology Biotherapeutics Research and DevelopmentPfizerCambridgeMA 02140USA Department of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Lawson Health Research Institute LondonONCanada Centre for Human Immunology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Robarts Research Institute University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada

Background:In Type 1 diabetes,the insulin-producingβ-cells within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are *** showed previously that immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)or complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)of non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice can prevent disease process and pancreaticβ-cell *** was associated with increased islet Regenerating(Reg)genes expression,and elevated IL-22-producing Th17 T-cells in the ***:We hypothesized that IL-22 was responsible for the increased Reg gene expression in the *** therefore quantified the Reg1,Reg2,and Reg3δ(INGAP)mRNA expression in isolated pre-diabetic NOD islets treated with *** measured IL-22,and IL-22 receptor(R)-αmRNA expression in the pancreas and spleen of pre-diabetic and diabetic NOD *** results showed:1)Reg1 and Reg2 mRNA abundance to be significantly increased in IL-22-treated islets in vitro;2)IL-22 mRNA expression in the pre-diabetic mouse pancreas increased with time following CFA treatment;3)a reduced expression of IL-22Rαfollowing CFA treatment;4)a down-regulation in Reg1 and Reg2 mRNA expression in the pancreas of pre-diabetic mice injected with an IL-22 neutralizing antibody;and 5)an increased isletβ-cell DNA synthesis in vitro in the presence of ***:We conclude that IL-22 may contribute to the regeneration ofβ-cells by up-regulating Regenerating Reg1 and Reg2 genes in the islets.

关键词： Adjuvant immunotherapy Interleukin-22 Regenerating(Reg)genes Beta-cell regeneration Type 1 diabetes

Enduring association between irritable bowel syndrome and war trauma during the Nicaragua civil war period:A population-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第45期29卷 5953-5961页

作者： Edgar M Peña-Galo Daniel Wurzelmann Javier Alcedo Rodolfo Peña Loreto Cortes Douglas morgan Department of Digestive Diseases Miguel Servet University HospitalZaragoza 50009AragonSpain Javier Alcedo Aragon Health Research InstituteIIS AragonZaragoza 50009AragonSpain Department of Mental Health Carolina PartnersDurhamNC 27707United States Department of Data Analysis CIDE(ResearchDevelopment and Epidemiology Center)Tegucigalpa 11101Francisco MorazánHonduras School of Medicine National Autonomous University of NicaraguaLeon 21000LeonNicaragua Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UAB University of Alabama BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States School of Medcine The University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 9500United States

BACKGROUND Psychosocial and physical trauma are known risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),including in war veterans,whereas war exposure in civilians is *** experienced two wars,1970-1990:The Sandinistas Revolution(1970s)and The Contra War(1980s).Our aim was to investigate the role of exposure to war trauma in the subsequent development of IBS in the context of an established health surveillance system(11000 households).AIM To investigate in a civilian population the relationship between exposure to war trauma and events and the subsequent development of IBS in the context of an established public health and demographic surveillance system in western *** We conducted a nested population-based,cross-sectional study focused on functional gastrointestinal disorders based on Rome II criteria.1617 adults were randomly *** Spanish Rome II Modular Questionnaire and Harvard Trauma Questionnaire were validated in *** exposure was assessed with 10 measures of direct and indirect war trauma and post-war *** exposures were defined by≥3 *** The prevalence of IBS was 15.2%[Female(F)17.1%,Male(M)12.0%],war exposure 19.3%(F 9.3%,M 36.7%),and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)5.6%(F 6.4%,M 4.3%).Significant associations with IBS in the civilian population were observed(adjusted by gender,age,socioeconomic status,education):physical and psychological abuse[adjusted odds ratio(aOR):2.25;95%confidence interval:1.1-4.5],witnessed execution(aOR:2.4;1.1-5.2),family member death(aOR:2.2;1.2-4.2),and multiple exposures(aOR:2.7;1.4-5.1).PTSD was independently associated with IBS(aOR:2.6;1.2-5.7).CONCLUSION An enduring association was observed in the Nicaragua civilian population between specific civil war-related events and subsequent *** populations in regions with extended armed conflict may warrant provider education and targeted interventions for patients.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Functional gastrointestinal disorders War trauma Civil war Post-traumatic stress disorder Central America

Operations management for competitive advantage: 10th ed.

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Persistent low fertility among the East Asia descendants in the United States:perspectives and implications

丛书名： The McGraw-hill/Irwin series Operations and decision sciences

2004年

作者： chase Richard B.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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China Population and Development Studies 2019年第2期2卷 384-400页

作者： Yong Cai S.Philip morgan Department of Sociology and Carolina Population Center University of North CarolinaChapel HillUSA

We focus on a small but growing segment of the ***,those who identify as Chinese,Japanese and Korean(CJK),and compare CJK fertility to other race/ethnic groups in the United *** women in the *** a distinct,pervasive,and persistent pattern of late and low fertility with nearly all births occurring within marriage;this pattern displays a strong parallel to their counterparts in their countries of *** accompany this description,we offer a perspective on fertility difference that has broad applicability and that does not consistently predict that differences will disappear/*** discussion unites the literature on assimilation,segmented assimilation and pluralistic outcomes and *** also discuss the possible implications of these findings for country level policies to increase *** generally,these discussions are a corrective to demographer’s penchant for predicting secular change and convergence.

关键词： Low fertility Chinese/Japanese/Korean Theory of conjunctural action Segmented assimilation U.S.fertility differences

Suitability of Drinking Water Sources from Nyaruzinga Wetland for Domestic Use in Bushenyi Municipality, Uganda

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第13期9卷 1587-1611页

作者： Lauben Muhangane John Bosco Nkurunungi Jane Yatuha morgan Andama Department of Biology Faculty of Science Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda

This study determined the physico-chemical and bacterial quality of raw (bore-hole, springs, wells) and tap water sources from Nyaruzinga wetland for domestic use in Bushenyi Municipality. Forty samples of raw water were randomly collected from Kacuncu, Kyeitembe and Kikuba tributaries of the wetland and 40 samples of tap water generated from the same wetland were randomly drawn from Ishaka, Nyakabirizi and Central divisions of the Municipality. The samples were analyzed for apparent colour (AC), turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness, pH, total iron, residual alum, free residual chlorine and faecal coliforms using standard methods and their values compared with standard local UNBS (2008) and international WHO (2011) drinking water quality guidelines. The results showed that the mean pH of the protected spring below Kikuba hill (5.21);the AC (Pt/Co) of the borehole below Bweranyangi Junior School (17.28) and the surface well below Nyandozo Primary School (157.58) both situated in Kacuncu as well as the free residual chlorine (mg/L) in tap water at Kanyamabona Trading Centre, Ishaka division (0.192) were below the standard values of WHO (pH, 6.0 - 8.0;free residual chlorine, 0.2 - 0.5) and UNBS (AC, <15). The electrical conductivity, EC (μS/cm) and total hardness (mg/L) of all the selected water sources were within the WHO standards (EC, <1500 (raw water), 0 - 300 (tap water);total hardness, <1500 (raw water), <100 (tap water)). The residual alum (mg/L) in all the tap water sources was also within the WHO guideline (<0.2). On the other hand, the turbidity (27.38 NTUs) and total iron content (0.32 mg/L) of the surface well below Nyandozo Primary School were above WHO guidelines of <15 and <0.3 respectively. Furthermore, the mean faecal coliform counts (CFU/100 ml) in the surface well below Nyandozo Primary School (6.90) and the borehole below Bweranyangi Junior School (16.83) including the surface well below Kyeitembe Trading Centre (9.25) were above

关键词： Bacterial Load Bushenyi Municipality Drinking Water Sources Physico-Chemical Parameters