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Therapeutic potential of exercise-hormone irisin in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1555-1564页

作者： Eunhee Kim Rudolph ETanzi Se Hoon choi Genetics and Aging Research Unit MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA McCance Center for Brain Health Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA

Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease exercise fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) irisin

Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein-mediated neuroprotection in glaucomatous neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1414-1415页

作者： Sinwoo Hwang Seunghwan choi Soo-Ho choi Keun-Young Kim Yury I.Miller Won-Kyu Ju Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disorder that can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness,affecting individ uals aged 40 to 80 yea rs *** to the aging population,it is expected that the number of people affected by glaucoma will surpass 111 million by 2040 as the disease becomes more *** primarily contributes to optic nerve axon loss and the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),subsequently leading to vision impairment.

关键词： irreversible pass primarily

Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： Shan Ping Yu Emily choi Michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

Effect of Nucleases on the Cellular Internalization of Fluorescent Labeled DNA-Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Nano Research 2008年第4期1卷 351-360页

作者： Hye Kyung moon chan Il chang Dong-Ki Lee Hee Cheul choi Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)San 31Hyoja-DongNam-guPohang 790-784Korea Department of Chemistry Sungkyunkwan UniversityNatural Science CampusSuwon 440-746Korea

Nuclease effects on the cell internalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)functionalized with fluorescent-labeled DNA in serum containing cell growth media were *** Cy3-labeled DNA-functionalized SWNT conjugates(Cy3DNA-SWNTs)were incubated with HeLa cells in a fatal bovine serum(FBS)medium,a high fl uorescence intensity was obtained from the cells,indicative for the high level inclusion of ***,the fluorescence intensity was remarkably reduced if Cy3DNA-SWNTs were incubated with cells in the FBS-free *** systematic control experiments revealed that Cy3 dye molecules were released from Cy3DNA-SWNT conjugates by nuclease,and the free Cy3 dyes penetrate into HeLa cell with high *** the actual amounts of SWNTs internalized in the cells were almost identical for both cells incubated in the FBS-present and FBS-absent media according to the Raman measurements,one should be cautious to determine the degree of SWNT internalization based on the fl uorescence intensities especially when the coloring dye molecules were linked to oligonucleotides in nuclease containing media.

关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotube oligonucleotide cellular delivery molecular transporter nuclease

Two climate factors in May that affect Korean rainfall in September

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第1期32卷 32-47页

作者： choi Ki-Seon moon Il-Ju National Typhoon Center Korea Meteorological Administration College of Ocean Science/Ocean and Environment Research Institute Jeju National University

This study revealed a high positive correlation between rainfall in Korea during September and the trade wind （TW）/Arctic Oscillation （AO） index in May that combines two climate factors, low-level TWs and the AO. This correlation was identified on the basis of the difference in the 850 hPa streamline analysis between the positive and negative phases selected using the combined TW/AO index. In May, the spatial pattern of the anomalous pressure systems is similar to that in the positive AO phase. These anomalous pressure sys- tems continue in June to August （JJA） and September, but the overall spatial distribution shifts a little to the south. Particularly in September, a huge anomalous anticyclone centered over the southeast seas of Japan strengthens in most of the western north Pacific region and supplies a large volume of warm and humid air to the region near Korea. This characteristic is confirmed by the facts that during the positive TW/AO phase, the subtropical western north Pacific high （SWNPH） is more developed to the north and that the continu- ous positioning of the upper troposphere jet over Korea from May to September strengthens the anomalous upward flow, bringing warm and humid air to all layers. These factors contribute to increasing September rainfall in Korea during the positive TW/AO phase. Because the SWNPH develops more to the north in the positive phase, tropical cyclones tend to make landfall in Korea frequently, which also plays a positive role in increasing September rainfall in *** above features are also reflected by the differences in average rainfall between the six years that had the highest May Nifio 3.4 indices （El Niflo phase） and the six years that had the lowest May Niflo 3.4 indices （La Nifia phase）.

关键词： anomalous pressure Arctic Oscillation Korea low-level trade wind rainfall tropical cyclone

Aerosol-assisted rapid synthesis of SnS-C composite microspheres as anode material for Na-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2015年第5期8卷 1595-1603页

作者： Seung Ho choi Yun chan Kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Anam-Dong Seongbuk-Gu Seou1136-713 Republic of Korea

SnS-C composite powders were prepared through one-pot spray pyrolysis for use as anode materials for Na-ion batteries. C microspheres with uniformly attached cubic-like SnS nanocrystals, which have an amorphous C coating layer, were formed at a preparation temperature of 900 ℃. The initial discharge capacities of the bare SnS and SnS-C composite powders at a current density of 500 mA·g^-1 were 695 and 740 mA·h·g^-1, respectively. The discharge capacities after 50 cycles and the capacity retentions measured from the second cycle of the bare SnS and SnS-C composite powders were 25 and 433 mA.h.g-1 and 5 and 89%, respectively. The prepared SnS-C composite powders with high reversible capacities and good cycle performance can be used as Na-ion battery anode materials.

关键词： tin sulfide anode material carbon composite sodium battery energy storage

Consistency of intensity ratio between spectral lines with similar self-absorption characteristics during ungated laser induced breakdown spectroscopy measurements

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第3期21卷 77-83页

作者： Jung-Hwan IN Youngmin moon Jang-Hee choi Sungho JEONG Optical Lens Research Center Korea Photonics Technology Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

This work reports that the intensity ratio of spectral lines having similar self-absorption characteristics during laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) analysis can become nearly constant over a wide range of irradiation conditions if the intensities are integrated over a sufficiently long time. It is shown that the plasma temperature and intensity ratio of these spectral lines have temporal similarity. The spectral lines with similar self-absorption properties may be selected to improve the accuracy and consistency of LIBS analysis results under an environment with fluctuating measurement conditions.

关键词： laser induced breakdown spectroscopy intensity ratio self-absorption characteristics CIGS solar cell

Sarcopenia in pancreatic cancer:Effect on patient outcomes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第12期14卷 2302-2312页

作者： moon Hyung choi Seung Bae Yoon Department of Radiology Eunpyeong St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea

Pancreatic cancer is a challenging disease with an increasing incidence and extremely poor *** clinical outcomes of pancreatic cancer depend on tumor biology,responses to treatments,and malnutrition or *** represents a severe catabolic condition defined by the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength and affects as much as 70%of malnourished pancreatic cancer *** lumbar skeletal muscle index,defined as the total abdominal muscle area at the L3 vertebral level adjusted by the square of the height,is widely used for assessing sarcopenia in patients with pancreatic *** studies have suggested that sarcopenia may be a risk factor for perioperative complications and decreased recurrence-free or overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing *** could also intensify chemotherapyinduced toxicities and worsen the quality of life and survival in the neoadjuvant or palliative chemotherapy ***,not only at the time of diagnosis but also during treatment,decreases survival in patients with pancreatic ***,multimodal interventions may improve sarcopenia and clinical outcomes;however,no study has reported positive *** prospective studies are needed to confirm the prognostic role of sarcopenia and the effects of multimodal interventions in patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Sarcopenia Pancreatic cancer Skeletal muscle Computed tomography Outcomes Survival

A New Efficient Synthetic Method for 3-1odothyronamine and Its Potent Hypothermic Efficacy

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第10期29卷 2205-2208页

作者： Kim, Joong-Gon Song, Young-Kyu Jeon, Su-Yeon Lim, Ye-Ji Ju, Hyunwo choi, Inho Chung, chan-moon Biotechnology Division Hanwha Chemical R＆D Center Daejeon 305-345 Korea Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry Yonsei University Wonju Gangwon-do 220- 710 Korea Department of Biological Science and Technology Yonsei University Wonju Gangwon-do 220-710 Korea

We developed a new efficient synthetic method for a 3-iodothyronamine （TjAM） that has advantages of less synthetic steps and much higher overall yield compared to those in the conventional method. Our animal study s... 详细信息

关键词： 3-iodothyronamine hibernation-like state ICR mouse