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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Haemodialysis Care at a Tertiary Centre in South East Nigeria

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第4期10卷 383-387页

作者： Olaronke F. Afolabi monday U. Nwobodo Chukwuemeka O. Eze Ugochukwu U. Nnadozie Department of Internal Medicine Alex-Ekweueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria African Institute for Health Policy and Health Systems Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Division of Plastic Surgery Department of Surgery Alex-Ekweueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on health services for patients suffering from chronic diseases. Patients suffering from kidney failure require heamodialysis and this modality of treatment is mostly offered in the hospital. Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on haemodialysis care at a tertiary institution in South East, Nigeria include a reduction in the number of haemodialysis cases during the period of lockdown, an increase in the cost of heamodialysis, scarcity of materials used for the procedure and minor disruption of haemodialylsis care. An improvement in infection control practice at the dialysis unit is observed as a positive effect. It is advocated that the government should assist patients with kidney disease and make the procedure free to ameliorate the health and socio-economic hardships faced by the patients during the pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Heamodialysis Care Nigeria

An Eight-Year Review of the Frequency and Outcome of Dog Bite and Clinical Rabies in a Teaching Hospital in North Central Nigeria

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2022年第4期12卷 203-215页

作者： Emmanuel Uzodinma Iwuozo Emmanuel Sekaav Kohol Amarachukwu Uzoamaka Okeke Terkaa Terrumun Bitto Tsavyange Peter Mbaave monday Ogiagah Ogiator Department of Medicine Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi Nigeria Department of Epidemiology and Community Health Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi Nigeria

Introduction: Rabies is a neglected tropical disease that is highly fatal and yet it is under-reported in the developing countries like Nigeria. The domestic dog is the primary reservoir host as well as the most important source of infection usually conveyed by saliva through bites. Aim: This study sought to determine the frequency and outcome of dog bite injury and clinical rabies presented to the Accident and Emergency unit of Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study reviewed the medical records of all patients with dog bite who presented over an eight-year period from August 2014 to July 2022. Rabies virus infection was diagnosed on clinical basis. A structured proforma was used to extract relevant information and data was analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Result: Mean and median age was 27.03 ± 10.98 and 29 years respectively, range of 2 - 47 years and 11 (73.3%) were males. There were 15 cases of dog bite out of 17,187 patients making frequency of 1.14 per 1000 persons constituting 0.09% or about 2 cases yearly. Seven (46.7%) of this total number had clinical rabies infection with 7 (100.0%) mortality. All 7 (100.0%) with clinical rabies had a furious (encephalitic) form. Rabies immunoglobulin was prescribed in 8 (53.3%), 6 (40.0%) received them while 13 (86.7%) received post-exposure rabies vaccine. Conclusion: Dog bite is an uncommon reason for Accident and Emergency visit in our facility with male preponderance. However, about 46.7% of the dog bite victims developed clinical symptoms suggestive of furious (encephalitic) form of rabies with 100.0% fatality.

关键词： Dog Bite Rabies Virus Infection Makurdi North Central Nigeria

Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Eyes of Undergraduate Nursing Students

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第12期4卷 818-823页

作者： monday N. Igwe Appolos C. Ndukuba Chukwuma M. Attama Pleasure N. Ogbonna Chinonyerem Igwe Department of Psychological Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Psychological Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Federal Medical Centre Umuahia Nigeria Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Despite the fact that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an established safe and effective procedure, its use has continued to attract controversy with considerable stigma associated with it. This often overshadows the established effectiveness. Poor knowledge, negative attitude and bias towards ECT by the nurses may translate to poor education and support to patients from whom they are expected to obtain informed consent before an ECT procedure. This study assessed the perception of undergraduate nursing students of a Nigerian university about ECT. A total of 81 students who had completed all relevant lectures and practical/clinical exposures in psychiatry as prescribed in their academic curricular participated in the study. All the consenting students were administered the socio-demographic questionnaire and modified questionnaire on attitude and knowledge of electroconvulsive therapy (QuAKE). Majority of the students responded appropriately to the principal uses of ECT. Few believed that ECT was an out-moded form of treatment, that the procedure was cruel and barbaric, that psychiatrists who still administered ECT were wicked and not responsible physicians, and that it caused permanent brain damage. The total mean score of the students was 7.53 ± 2.65. Fifty eight (71.6%) students observed an ECT procedure and followed up the patients during the posting. They scored 7.17 ± 2.55 while 23 (28.4%) students who had not observed the procedure scored 6.98 ± 1.92 on the QuAKE (t =?-0.36, p = 0.72). Thirty one (38.3%) students who would accept the procedure if indicated scored 7.14 ± 2.21 while 50 (61.7%) of them who would not allow ECT carried out on them scored 6.88 ± 1.96 (t = 0.56, p = 0.58). The mean score of 29 (35.8%) students who might pursue psychiatry as a career was 8.10 ± 1.90 while 52 (64.2%) of them who would not specialise in psychiatry scored 6.05 ± 1.79 (t = 5.00, p < 0.001). The total mean score on the QuAKE was low among the student nurses. Therefore,

关键词： Electroconvulsive Therapy Undergraduate Nursing Students

The new WHO guideline for control and elimination of human schistosomiasis:implications for the Schistosomiasis Elimination Programme in Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第5期11卷 87-89页

作者： Akinola Stephen Oluwole Uwem Friday Ekpo Obiageli Josephine Nebe Nse Michael Akpan Solomon monday Jacob Uche Veronica Amazigo John Russell Stothard Department of Pure and Applied Zoology Federal University of AgricultureAbeokutaOgun StateNigeria Neglected Tropical Disease Control Division Department of Public HealthFederal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria Pan-African Community Initiative on Education and Health(PACIEH) EnuguNigeria Department of Tropical Disease Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpool L35QAUK.

Background With some 134,073,166 people living in endemic communities at risk of infection[1],Nigeria is the most endemic country in Africa and requires preventive chemotherapy(PC)for a total of 26.3 million persons[2].The National Schistosomiasis Elimination Programme(NSCHEP),with the support of international partners,has been implementing PC in Nigeria since 2009 and most recently will need to revise its current strategy(Additional file 1).For example,the new World Health Organization(WHO)guideline has six key recommendations that will dramatically change the implementation of schistosomiasis elimination in endemic countries[3].However,its impact and programmatic implications will vary from country to country,hence the need for a country-specific analysis.

关键词： schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis Nigeria

Prevalence of Carotid Atheromatous Plaques in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in South East, Nigeria

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第9期10卷 639-647页

作者： Olaronke F. Afolabi C. Uche Ibewuike Chukwuemeka O. Eze monday U. Nwobodo Ifeoma I. Ulasi Department of Internal Medicine Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Radiation Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have considerably high atherosclerotic changes which predict cardiovascular events;hence, this study evaluated the prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in pre-dialysis CKD patients at a tertiary institution in south-east, Nigeria. Materials and Method: 107 pre-dialysis CKD patients were consecutively recruited for the study. 81 subjects who were screened and had no kidney disease served as control. The control group was sex and age matched with the CKD patients. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to all participants and physical examination was done. Presence of atheromatous plaques was assessed using doppler ultrasound at 3 sites—distal common carotid artery (CCA), the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the carotid bulb by a single skilled radiologist specialized in doppler ultrasound. Results: Atheromatous plaques were significantly increased in CKD patients. 14.2% of CKD patients had atheromatous plaques versus 2.5% in the control group (p value Conclusions: Atheromatous plaques are prevalent in CKD patients. It is recommended that carotid doppler ultrasound should be done in CKD patients

关键词： Carotid Plaques CKD Predialysis Nigeria

The Roles of pH in the Modification of Wild-Type Recombinant Phlebia radiata Manganese Peroxidase 3 Activities and Stability of Secondary Structures

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第4期12卷 158-180页

作者： Usenobong F. Ufot Imeh J. Okop Mfoniso P. Uko Imekan I. Akpan Khasim Cali monday I. Akpanabiatu Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Akwa Ibom State University Uyo Nigeria Department of Chemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Akwa Ibom State University Uyo Nigeria Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biological Sciences Akwa Ibom State University Uyo Nigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Biological Sciences Akwa Ibom State University Uyo Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science University of Manchester Manchester UK Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

This investigation is aimed at understanding the specific role of pH and calcium ions on the activity and stability of wild-type recombinant Phlebia radiata manganese peroxidase 3 (rPr-MnP3). The pH-dependent cycle of reactions for rPr-MnP3 was evaluated by investigating time-dependent changes in the activity and electronic absorption spectrum of *** rPr-MnP3 had maximum efficacy (kcat/Km) for Mn (II) oxidation at pH 5.0 and 3.0 for oxidation of ABTS. Raising the pH of a solution of resting rPr-MnP3 from pH 6.7 (form XH) to pH 8.6 (form X−), a rapid alkaline transition occurs. Leaving the X− form of the enzyme at pH 8.6, it slowly becomes converted to a third form of the enzyme Y−, which returned to the original XH form of the enzyme at pH 6.7. Recovery of form XH from form Y− occurred through an intermediate Z form. The pH inactivation of rPr-MnP3 followed first-order kinetics. The rate of formation of XH from Z is pH-dependent and biphasic in nature, with measured rate constants (k) = 0.25 min−1, and half-life (T1/2) = 2.8 min. The pH-dependent properties observed may be indicative of a greater degree of conformational flexibility at rPr-MnP3 active site due to disruption of the haem-linked hydrogen-bonding network in the distal haem pocket. Calcium ions were observed to significantly stabilised the enzyme’s spectral features and reduce the loss of activity during the alkaline pH transition. Calcium ions enhance the recovery of the initial activity but cannot prevent the final time-dependent irreversible denaturation and aggregation.

关键词： Phlebia radiata Manganese Peroxidase pH-Dependence Inactivation Conformation

Ulcer protective effect of Byrsocarpus coccineus leaf extract in different experimental animal models

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第9期 728-732页

作者： Akuodor Godwin Christian Udia Pius monday Akpan Joseph Linus Ezeokpo Basil Chukwuma Okezie Ogwuegbu Alozie Ghasi Samuel Ikenna Nwadike Kenneth Ikechukwu Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Clinical MedicineEbonyi State UniversityAbakalikiNigeria Department of Pharmacology College of Medical SciencesUniversity of CalabarCross River StateNigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Federal Teaching HospitalAbakalikiNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of MedicineUniversity of NigeriaEnugu CampusNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the antiulcer activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus,a plant used in herbal medicine for the management of various diseases in ***:Ethanol-,acetylsalicylic acid-,histamine-and water immersion stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats were used to investigate the antiulcer activity of the leaf *** toxicity studies were also carried ***:The ethanolic leaf extract significantly(P<0.05)reduced the ulcer index in all assays used with the maximal antiulcer activity recorded at 400 mg/*** LD_(50)values obtained were greater than 5000 mg/kg in ***:The implication of this finding is that Byrsocarpus coccineus ethanolic leaf extract possesses potent antiulcer activity and the leaf of this plant can serve as a potential source of safe and affordable antiulcer agents.

关键词： Byrsocarpus coccineus Leaves Ethanol extract Antiulcer Rats

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为何酗酒者比不喝酒者长寿?

大学英语 2010年第11期 28-30页

作者： John Cloud monday 唐苡栗（译注）不详北京

有关饮酒的研究一直认为不喝酒的人往往比饮酒者早亡．在大量文献中这是最有争议的问题之一。对这一发现的公认解释是：参与这种研究的戒酒者以前实际上是无节制的酗酒者．早就存在与饮酒有关的健康问题。

关键词：喝酒长寿健康问题饮酒酗酒

Phylogenetics and Molecular Divergence of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis Species) Using Mitochondrial D-Loop and Cytochrome b Regions

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2018年第1期8卷 39-57页

作者： Ekerette Emmanuel Ekerette Ekei Victor Ikpeme Ogbuagu Ugorji Udensi Michael Ohiokhuaobo Ozoje Owoidihe monday Etukudo Anthony John Umoyen Samuel Olutunde Durosaro Matthew Wheto Department of Genetics and Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria

Understanding the level of genetic diversity in any population is an important requisite towards strategizing measures for conservation and improvement of stocks. This study focused on the assessment of phylogenetics and molecular divergence of tilapia fish species obtained from two populations (Domita in South-South and Odeda in South-West, Nigeria) using the displacement loop (D-loop) and cytochrome b region of the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA). A total of 28 samples (15 from South-South and 13 from South-West) were used for the genetic analysis. DNA was extracted from the tissue of all the samples using Quik-gDNATM miniPrep kit. The D-loop containing the hypervariable region was sequenced for all samples from the two populations, while cytochrome b (Cyt b) region of mtDNA was only sequenced for samples from South-South population. Chromatograms of the sequences were viewed and edited using Bioedit software. Multiple sequence alignment was carried out using molecular evolutionary genetic analysis (MEGA) software before subsequent genetic analyses. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the samples into two clusters based on population. Also, when the two mitochondrial regions were pooled together, they clustered into two major groups based on mitochondrial regions. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed 37.32% variation within population and 62.68% variation among population with a significant fixation index of 0.627 (p 0.05). The genetic distance inferred between D-loop regions of South-South and South-West populations was 0.243. Maternal lineage analysis revealed that the origin of tilapia fish from both populations could be traced to Oreochromis spirilus and Oreochromis leucostictus based on mitochondrial D-loop region. The findings of this study revealed molecular divergence among the tilapia populations and may serve as pivot information for the genetic improvement of this important species.

关键词： Phylogenetics Molecular Divergence Maternal Lineage Tilapia Fish