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Sonographic gallbladder wall thickness measurement and the prediction of esophageal varices among cirrhotics

World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 216-224页

作者： Mohamed H Emara Mariam Zaghloul Ibrahim F Amer Aya M Mahros Mohammed Hussien Ahmed Mahmoud A Elkerdawy Eslam Elshenawy Abdelrahman M Ahmed Rasheda Tarik I Zaher mona talaat haseeb Emad Hassan Emara Hassan Elbatae Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology UnitSecurity Forces HospitalRiyadh 11481Saudi Arabia Tropical Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt

Acute variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension(PHT) is the most serious emergency complication among those patients and could have catastrophic outcomes if not timely managed. Early screening by esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy(EGD) for the presence of esophageal varices(EVs) is currently recommended by the practice guidelines for all cirrhotic patients. Meanwhile, EGD is not readily accepted or preferred by many patients. The literature is rich in studies to investigate and validate non-invasive markers of EVs prediction aiming at reducing the unneeded endoscopic procedures. Gallbladder(GB) wall thickness(GBWT) measurement has been found promising in many published research articles. We aim to highlight the validity of sonographic GBWT measurement in the prediction of EVs based on the available evidence. We searched databases including Cochrane library, Pub Med, Web of Science and many others for relevant articles. GBWT is associated with the presence of EVs in cirrhotic patients with PHT of different etiologies. The cut-off of GBWT that can predict the presence of EVs varied in the literature and ranges from 3.1 mm to 4.35 mm with variable sensitivities of 46%-90.9% and lower cutoffs in viral cirrhosis compared to non-viral, however GBWT > 4 mm in many studies is associated with acceptable sensitivity up to 90%. Furthermore, a relation was also noticed with the degree of varices and portal hypertensive *** cirrhotics, GBWT > 3.5 mm predicts the presence of advanced(grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) EVs with a sensitivity of 45%, the sensitivity increased to 92% when a cut-off ≥ 3.95 mm was used in another cohort. Analysis of these results should carefully be revised in the context of ascites, hypoalbuminemia and other intrinsic GB diseases among cirrhotic patients. The sensitivity for prediction of EVs improved upon combining GBWT measurement with other non-invasive predictors, e.g., platelets/GBWT.

关键词： Sonographic Gallbladder wall thickness Prediction Esophageal varices Portal hypertension Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy

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Facial Expression Recognition Model Depending on Optimized Support Vector Machine

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 499-515页

作者： Amel Ali Alhussan Fatma M.talaat El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Abdelaziz A.Abdelhamid Abdelhameed Ibrahim Doaa Sami Khafaga mona Alnaggar Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Machine Learning&Information Retrieval Department Faculty of Artificial IntelligenceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Robotics and Intelligent Machines Department Faculty of Artificial IntelligenceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt

In computer vision,emotion recognition using facial expression images is considered an important research *** learning advances in recent years have aided in attaining improved results in this *** to recent studies,multiple facial expressions may be included in facial photographs representing a particular type of *** is feasible and useful to convert face photos into collections of visual words and carry out global expression *** main contribution of this paper is to propose a facial expression recognitionmodel(FERM)depending on an optimized Support Vector Machine(SVM).To test the performance of the proposed model(FERM),AffectNet is *** uses 1250 emotion-related keywords in six different languages to search three major search engines and get over 1,000,000 facial photos *** FERM is composed of three main phases:(i)the Data preparation phase,(ii)Applying grid search for optimization,and(iii)the categorization *** discriminant analysis(LDA)is used to categorize the data into eight labels(neutral,happy,sad,surprised,fear,disgust,angry,and contempt).Due to using LDA,the performance of categorization via SVM has been obviously *** search is used to find the optimal values for hyperparameters of SVM(C and gamma).The proposed optimized SVM algorithm has achieved an accuracy of 99%and a 98%F1 score.

关键词： Facial expression recognition machine learning linear dis-criminant analysis(LDA) support vector machine(SVM) grid search

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Detection of HER-2/neu Amplification on Fine Needle Aspirates of Breast Cancer Using Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第7期4卷 41-48页

作者： talaat Iman Sorour Amani Abdel-Hadi mona Clinical Pathology Alexandria Univer- sity Alexandria Egypt Departments of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

The accuracy of diagnostic assays for HER-2/neu in breast cancer is extremely important as HER-2/neu status is essential in tailoring adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant treatment in every patient. FNAC is widely practiced in Egypt in preoperative diagnosis of breast cancer for its low cost and high diagnostic accuracy. Since the determination of HER-2/neu protein expression on cytological preparations was previously found to be unreliable for clinical use, we opted for the assessment of HER-2/neu status in fine needle aspirates using FISH. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of HER-2/neu status assessment by FISH on fine needle aspirates of breast cancers by comparing the results with IHC and FISH on FFPE tissue sections obtained from corresponding surgically resected specimens. Fine needle aspirates from 40 breast cancer patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer were included in the study. They were submitted for HER-2/neu evaluation by FISH. After surgery, the corresponding FFPE sections were evaluated for HER-2/neu by FISH and by IHC. FNAs from 11 cases proved to be amplified by FISH, while 29 cases were not amplified. Apart from two cases that showed lack of signals, all specimens evaluated by FISH on the corresponding FFPE sections showed matched results. The Measurement of Agreement between FISH on FNAs and FISH on FFPE sections was 86.7%, while that between FISH on FNAs and IHC was 72.5%. The high concordance rate in the present study between FISH evaluation of HER-2/neu gene amplification on FNAC samples and their corresponding FFPE samples indicate that FISH may be a reliable technique for HER-2/neu assessment on FNAs. Furthermore, FISH on FNAs gave us better hybridization signals than their corresponding FFPE tissue sections. Finally, we also conclude that all score (2+) cases by IHC should be reevaluated by FISH which is crucial for the patient management.

关键词： Breast Cancer FISH on FNA Immunohistochemistry HER-2/neu

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HER-2/Neu Status in Gastric Carcinomas in a Series of Egyptian Patients and Its Relation to Ki-67 Expression

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Open Journal of Pathology 2015年第4期5卷 101-113页

作者： Saba El-Gendi Iman talaat mona Abdel-Hadi Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Objective: HER-2/neu status in gastric carcinomas (GCs) has not been studied before in the Egyptian population. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three GCs were evaluated for the expression of HER-2/neu and Ki-67 using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) was done for HER2/neu IHC score 2+ cases. Results: Out of the 73 gastric carcinomas, 23 (31.5%) were score 0, 17 (23.3%) were score 1+, 23 (31.5%) were score 2+, and 10 (13.7%) were score 3+. FISH analysis revealed that the HER-2/neu gene was amplified in 11 out of the 23 cases (47.8%) scored 2+ by IHC. Therefore, the overall HER-2/neu positivity rate was 28.8% and it was significantly associated with higher T-stage and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). The Ki-67 expression rate ranged between 10% and 100%, with 84.9% of the cases (n = 62) featuring high Ki-67 scores. High Ki-67 score was significantly associated with male sex, tumor grade, and number of positive nodes. HER-2/neu protein expression correlated significantly with Ki-67 score. Twenty tumors showed combined HER-2/neu positivity and high Ki-67 score and were significantly associated with higher T-stage and occurrence of LVI, implying a more aggressive behavior. Conclusions: The rate of HER-2/neu positive GCs in our series simulates universal rates, thereby mandating routine evaluation of HER-2/neu status in all GCs submitted to our laboratory to benefit from trastuzumab therapy. Further studies on a larger number of GCs are required to prove that the concurrent HER-2/neu positivity and high Ki-67 score are markers of worse prognosis.

关键词： Egypt FISH Gastric Carcinoma HER-2/Neu Immunohistochemistry Ki-67

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Effect of Adding Sb on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and in <i>Vitro</i>Degradation Behavior of as Cast Mg-4wt% Zn Alloy for Medical Application

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2017年第4期7卷 69-85页

作者： Hadeer I. Mohamed Mohamed E. Moussa Mohamed A. Waly Gamilla S. Al-Ganainy Aya B. Ahmed mona S. talaat Biophysics Group Physics Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Department of Neuroscience Technology College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Jubail Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Manufacturing Technology Laboratory of Foundry Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) Helwan Egypt Physics Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are one of a novel kind of biodegradable metallic implants which attracted much fundamental research to develop its clinical application. Nevertheless, it has more restrictions in biomedical applications because it degrades too fast at the early stage after implantation, thus commonly leading to some problems such as early fast mechanical loss, hydric bubble aggregation, gap formation between the implants and the tissue. This work aims to study the effect of 0.5 wt% Sb addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and degradation behavior of as cast Mg-4wt% Zn alloy. The evaluation process was conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, tensile and compression tests, in addition to a corrosion study by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF). Results showed that Sb refines the grain size of the base alloy and also enhances its mechanical properties and degradation rate as well. These were due to the formation of the secondary phase of Mg3Sb2. To get better degradation rate, the Mg-4wt% Zn and Mg-4wt% Zn-0.5wt% Sb alloys are coated with Ca-P using autocatalytic technique. The results demonstrated that the formed coat layer improves the degradation rate of samples under the condition of this study. The current study shows that Mg-4wt% Zn-0.5wt% Sb alloy has good mechanical properties and when it coated by Ca-P, it gave a better corrosion resistance that makes it ideal for biodegradable medical application.

关键词： Mg Alloy Mechanical Properties Autocatalytic Route Degradation Rate Calcium Phosphate Coating

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