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SoSpider:A bio-inspired multimodal untethered soft hexapod robot for planetary lava tube exploration

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 3090-3106页

作者： NIU LiZhou DING Liang ZHANG ShengJie YANG HuaiGuang GAO HaiBo DENG ZongQuan LIU GuangJun hossain mokarram State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Aerospace Engineering Ryerson UniversityToronto ON M5B 2K3Canada Zienkiewicz Institute for Modelling Data and AISwansea UniversitySwansea SA18ENUnited Kingdom

Soft robots have tremendous potential for applications in various fields,owing to their safety and flexibility embedded at the material *** robots,especially bio-inspired soft legged robots,have become one of the most active fields of current research in robotics thanks to their superior mobility and ability to face complex ***,it is arduous to establish a dynamic simulation model for soft robots,owing to their hyper-redundant degrees of freedom,hyper-elasticity,and nonlinearity of their soft *** this study,we designed,simulated,and fabricated a hexapod robot that achieves walking,crawling,pronking,and rolling with wheeled legs plus a soft body capable of shape change.A robot prototype was fabricated using 3D printing technology and soft silicone pneumatic ***,battery power,and control boards were integrated into the body of the robot for untethered *** have explored the capabilities of the robot in different conditions,especially in scenarios that simulate lunar and Martian environments,demonstrating the motion performance of the *** results have shown promising potentials of the developed robot for future applications in planetary lava tube *** experimental and simulation results also show good agreements that indicate the potential predictive roles of simulation tools for soft robot design,planning,and control.

关键词： multimodal soft robot pneumatic simulation planetary exploration

Additive manufacturing of sustainable biomaterials for biomedical applications

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2023年第3期18卷 1-36页

作者： Zia Ullah Arif Muhammad Yasir Khalid Reza Noroozi mokarram hossain Hao Tian Harvey Shi Ali Tariq Seeram Ramakrishna Rehan Umer Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Management&Technology LahoreSialkot Campus 51041Pakistan Department of Aerospace Engineering Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering(ZCCE) Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwansea SA18ENUK Department of Mechanical&Materials Engineering Western UniversityOntario N6A 3K7Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Nanofibers and NanotechnologyNational University of Singapore119260Singapore

Biopolymers are promising environmentally benign materials applicable in multifarious *** are especially favorable in implantable biomedical devices thanks to their excellent unique properties,including bioactivity,renewability,bioresorbability,biocompatibility,biodegradability and *** manufacturing(AM)is a flexible and intricate manufacturing technology,which is widely used to fabricate biopolymer-based customized products and structures for advanced healthcare ***-dimensional(3D)printing of these sustainable materials is applied in functional clinical settings including wound dressing,drug delivery systems,medical implants and tissue *** present review highlights recent advancements in different types of biopolymers,such as proteins and polysaccharides,which are employed to develop different biomedical products by using extrusion,vat polymerization,laser and inkjet 3D printing techniques in addition to normal bioprinting and four-dimensional(4D)bioprinting *** also incorporates the influence of nanoparticles on the biological and mechanical performances of 3D-printed tissue scaffolds,and addresses current challenges as well as future developments of environmentally friendly polymeric materials manufactured through the ***,there is a need for more focused research on the adequate blending of these biodegradable biopolymers for achieving useful results in targeted biomedical *** envision that biopolymer-based 3D-printed composites have the potential to revolutionize the biomedical sector in the near future.

关键词： 3D printing Biopolymers Biomedical Tissue engineering Sustainable biomaterials Additive manufacturing

Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion Estimated by Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第7期8卷 44-54页

作者： Samira Mahjabeen A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman Mahmudul hossain Marufa Mustari Mohaiminul Abedin Tahseen Mahmood Tanzina Iveen Chowdhury Tahmidul Islam Rana mokarram hossain Department of Endocrinology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Medicine Kurmitola General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anatomy Abdul Malek Ukil Medical College Noakhali Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology BRB Hospital Limited Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Progressive insulin resistance (IR) is an important pathophysiologic mechanism of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) is commonly used as a parameter of the severity of insulin resistance. Aims: To determine indices of insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell function in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from March 2017 to September 2018 at Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study was performed with 41 GDM and equal number of pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) diagnosed on basis of WHO criterion-2013 during 24 - 40 weeks of gestation. Serum glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method and fasting serum insulin was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Equations of homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) were used to calculate insulin indices like-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), β-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S). Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: A total of eighty-two (82) subjects [41 women with GDM (age: 28.29 ± 3.79 years, BMI: 27.16 ± 4.13 kg/m2) and 41 women with NGT (age: 26.22 ± 5.13 years, BMI: 25.27 ± 3.01 kg/m2)] were included in this study. It was observed that GDM women were significantly older (p = 0.041) and had significantly higher BMI (p = 0.020) than pregnant women with NGT. The GDM group had significantly higher IR as indicated by higher fasting insulin value [GDM vs. NGT;10.19 (7.71 - 13.34) vs. 6.88 (5.88 - 8.47) μIU/ml, median (IQR);p = 0.001] and HOMA-IR [GDM vs. NGT;2.31 (1.73 - 3.15) vs. 1.42 (1.15 - 1.76), median (IQR);p β-cell secretory capacity [GDM vs. NGT;HOMA-B: 112.63 (83.52 - 143.93) vs. 128.60 (108.77 - 157.58), median (IQR);p = 0.04] and low insulin sensitivity [GDM vs. NGT;HOMA-%S: 43.29 (31.7

关键词： Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) Insulin Resistance (IR) Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT)

Predicting non-carcinogenic hazard quotients of heavy metals in pepper (Capsicum annum L.) utilizing electromagnetic waves

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第6期14卷 237-249页

作者： Marzieh mokarram Hamid Reza Pourghasemi Huichun Zhang Depatment of Range and Watcrshed Managemcent Cllge of Ariculut and Naturel Resures of Darab Shiraz UnivrsityShiraz 71946-84471Iran Depatment of Natural Resources and Enionmental Enginerng Cllge of Agicuture Shiraz UniversityShirz 7141-6586 Iran Depatment of Civil and Environmental Engiccrin Case Westem Reseve Univrsit Cleveland0H 44106USA

Given the tendency of heavy metals to accumulate in soil and plants,the purpose of this study was to determine the *** of Cd,Ni,Pb,and Zn on peppers(*** fruit),grown in contaminated soils in industral *** this purpose,we measured the uptake of the four heavy metals by peppers grown in the heavy metal contaminated soils throughout the four growth stages:two-leaf,growth,fiowering,and fruiting;and calculated various vegetation indices to evaluate the heavy metal contamination *** waves were also applied for analyzing the responses of the target plants to various heavy *** on the relevant spectral bands identified by principal component analysis(PCA)and random search methods,a regression method was then *** determine the most *** bands for estimating,the target hazard quotient(THQ).The THQ was found to be the highest in the plants contaminated by Pb(THQ=62)and Zn(THQ=5.07).The results of PCA and random search indicated that the spectra at the bands of b570,b650,and b760 for Pb,b400 and b880 for Ni,b560 and b880 for Cd,and b560 b910,and b1050 for Zn were the most optimal spectra for assessing ***,in future studies,instead of examining the amount of heavy metals in plants by chemical analysis in the laboratory,the responses of the plants to the electromagnetic waves in the identified bands can be redily investigated in the field based on the established correlations.

关键词： Heavy metals Plants Target Hazard Quotient(THQ) Principal Component Analysis(PCA) Random search Electromagnetic wave

A regional suspended load yield estimation model for ungauged watersheds

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Water Science and Engineering 2018年第4期11卷 328-337页

作者： Hossein Kheirfam Sahar mokarram-Kashtiban Department of Environmental Science Urmia Lake Research Institute Urmia University Department of Forestry Tarbiat Modares University

Developing regional models using physiographic, climatic, and hydrologic variables is an approach to estimating suspended load yield(SLY)in ungauged watersheds. However, using all the variables might reduce the applicability of these models. Therefore, data reduction techniques(DRTs), e.g., principal component analysis(PCA), Gamma test(GT), and stepwise regression(SR), have been used to select the most effective variables. The artificial neural network(ANN) and multiple linear regression(MLR) are also common tools for SLY modeling. We conducted this study(1) to obtain the most effective variables influencing SLY through DRTs including PCA, GT, and SR, and then, to use them as input data for ANN and MLR; and(2) to provide the best SLY models. Accordingly, we used 14 physiographic, climatic, and hydrologic parameters from 42 watersheds in the Hyrcanian forest region(in northern Iran). The most effective variables as determined through DRTs as well as the original data sets were used as the input data for ANN and MLR in order to provide an SLY model. The results indicated that the SLY models provided by ANN performed much better than the MLR models, and the GT-ANN model was the best. The determination of coefficient,relative error, root mean square error, and bias were 99.9%, 26%, 323 t/year, and 6 t/year in the calibration period, and 70%, 43%, 456 t/year, and 407 t/year in the validation period, respectively. Overall, selecting the main factors that influence SLY and using artificial intelligence tools can be useful for water resources managers to quickly determine the behavior of SLY in ungauged watersheds.

关键词： Data reduction techniques Forest watershed Sediment yield Regional models Watershed sediment modeling

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针刺治疗高血压的随机临床试验

针刺治疗高血压的随机临床试验

作者：莫克外（Hooman Teimouri mokarram）北京中医药大学

学位级别：硕士

背景高血压严重危害人类健康,是导致早亡的一项要因。高血压控制不良会严重影响患者生活质量,给医疗保健系统和患者家庭带来沉重的经济负担。2001年,高血压造成全球约760万人死亡(占死亡总人数的13-15%)和9200万人残疾。到2025年,18岁... 详细信息

背景高血压严重危害人类健康,是导致早亡的一项要因。高血压控制不良会严重影响患者生活质量,给医疗保健系统和患者家庭带来沉重的经济负担。2001年,高血压造成全球约760万人死亡(占死亡总人数的13-15%)和9200万人残疾。到2025年,18岁以上的高血压患者数量预计将增至15.6亿。针灸作为一种传统的治疗方法,有望治疗高血压并缓解高血压并发症。多项研究表明,针灸作为一种补充疗法,可以减少患者降压药服用量,从而减少药物副作用。相关研究显示,针灸可治疗高血压,并阻断降压药物的团作用。但目前对针刺降压的作用机制了解有限。最新研究显示,当前单独运用针灸的疗效尚未明确,因此未来需要更多高质量的随机对照试验进一步验证。目标通过随机对照试验,观察针刺治疗高血压疾病临床疗效。方法本研究选取了 2018年6月至2018年11月在一处伊朗专科诊所通过针灸干预高血压的患者,开展随机临床试验。被诊断为高血压征候(收缩压高于140mmHg且舒张压几乎超过90mmHg)6个月以上的患者,年龄在15-75岁之间,男女不限,并有完成本研究问卷的社交能力。排除诊断为继发性高血压、纤维肌疾病、妊娠期高血压、糖尿病、药物滥用的患者。从60人中选择观察对象,58人符合纳入标准,根据随机化分组软件随机分为两组:A组(29人,1人退出),对有服用降压药物史的患者补充针刺治疗;B组(29人,1人退出),患者仅继续服用原有药物直至本试验结束。记录各组的人体测量参数(性别、年龄、体重指数)并进行比较。A组采用一次性针灸针(0.3 mm×40mm)刺激身体穴位,分别为:内关(PC6)、风池(GB 20)、阳陵泉(GB 34)、太冲(LR 3)、三阴交(SP 6)、合谷(LI 4),每周2次,每次间隔3天,共8个疗程。除了三阴交采用补法外,其他穴位均采用泻法。SP 6 的进针深度为 1-2 寸,GB 20、PC 6 和 LI4 为 0.5-1.2 寸,GB 34 为 1-1.5 寸,LR 3为0.5-1寸。留针30分钟。每3天一次,每周2次测量收缩压和舒张压水平,第8次疗程结束1个月后测量最后一次血压,共9次。比较各组间的血流动力学参数。为了确定两组之间是否有显著性差异,本试验采用t检验进行统计分析,双向重复测量方差分析各组血压趋势。结果在A组药物联合针刺治疗中,第1和第9疗程平均收缩压和舒张压分别从156.03±7.70/90.72±4.81 下降到 137±9.49 mmHg/82.92±4.03 mmHg。在B组单纯药物治疗中,第1和第9疗程的平均收缩压和舒张压分别从155.89±9.20/87.79±4.17 变为 155.00±8.91 mmHg/86.74±3.83 mmHg。在前三个治疗阶段,收缩压参数分析显示两组之间没有显著差异(P≥0.05),但治疗满3个阶段后,两组收缩压有明显差异,并且在4-9疗程中,A组收缩压均值显著低于B组均值(P≤0.001)。A组前两个疗程的舒张压高于B组(P≤0.05),但在第3、第4、第5个疗程时,两组之间的差异无统计学意义。在随后的针灸治疗过程中,A组的舒张压与B组相比有所下降,并有显著的统计学差异(P≤0.001)。通过双向重复测量方差分析,针刺疗法显著降低了治疗过程中血压的增长幅度。结论在常规降压药物治疗的基础上联合针灸治疗在血压控制上更为有效。值得注意的是,疗效与疗程有关,针灸持续治疗3个疗程以上,才能降低收缩压水平;持续5个疗程以上才可降低舒张压水平。

关键词：高血压抗高血压药物血压控制不良针灸

Clinical characteristics,gastrointestinal manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Iran;does the location matters?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4654-4667页

作者： Pooneh mokarram Maryam Mehdipour Dalivand Antonio Pizuorno Farnaz Aligolighasemabadi Mohammadamin Sadeghdoust Ebtesam Sadeghdoust Farshad Aduli Gholamreza Oskrochi Hassan Brim Hassan Ashktorab Autophagy Research Center Department of BiochemistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71348Iran Department of Medicine Howard UniversityWashingtonDC 20060United States Department of Medicine La Universidad del ZuliaFaculty of MedicineMaracaibo 4002Venezuela Department of Internal Medicine Mashhad Medical Sciences BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMashhad 13131Iran Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineDezful University of Medical SciencesDezful 64616Iran Collage of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila 54200Kuwait

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)started in Asia,and Iran was one of its first *** To study the gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms and comorbidities associated with this pandemic in four different regions of *** We analyzed data from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive patients evaluated at four hospitals of Iran(n=91),including South(Shiraz),Southeast(Dezful),Rasht(North),and Northwest(Mashhad)between April and September ***,comorbidities and clinical findings including GI symptoms were *** descriptive analysis and correlation analyses of symptoms,comorbidities,and mortality were *** The average age of COVID-19 patients was 51.1 years,and 56%were *** rate was 17%.Cough with 84.6%,shortness of breath with 71.4%,fever with 52.7%,and loss of appetite with 43.9%were the main *** cardiac disease was the most common comorbidity with an average of 28.5%followed by hypertension(28.5%)and diabetes(25.2%).The highest comorbidity in North(Rasht)was diabetes(30%)and in South(Dezful)hypertension(37%).Shiraz leads cardiac disease with 43.4%.The most reported GI symptoms included nausea,diarrhea,vomiting,and abdominal pain,with 42.8%,31.8%,26.8%,and 12%prevalence,*** addition,albumin,alkaline phosphatase,aspartate aminotransferase,and alanine aminotransferase were elevated in 26.3%.CONCLUSION Our results show hypertension and diabetes as the most common comorbidities,but their distribution was different in COVID-19 patients in the four studied regions of ***,diarrhea,and elevated liver enzymes were the most common GI *** was also a high mortality rate that was associated with high infection rates in Iran at the beginning of the pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Pandemic Gastrointestinal manifestation Iran

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T genotype affects promoter methylation of tumor-specific genes in sporadic colorectal cancer through an interaction with folate/vitamin B_(12) status

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第23期14卷 3662-3671页

作者： Pooneh mokarram Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini Mehdi Saberi Firoozi Seyed Vahid Hosseini Ahmad Izadpanah Heshmetalah Salahi Seyed Ali Malek-Hosseini Abdoulrasool Talei Mehra Mojallal Department of Biochemistry Shiraz University of Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineShiraz 71345Iran Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterohepatology Research Centre Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71345Iran Department of Surgery(colorectal ward) and Gastroenterohepatology Research Centre Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71345Iran Department of Surgery and Organ Transplantation Research Centre Namazee HospitalShiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71345Iran Department of Surgery and Institute of Cancer Research Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71345Iran Pathology Laboratory Dena HospitalShiraz 71345Iran

AIM:To evaluate joint effects of Methylentetra-hydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) C677T genotypes,and serum folate/vitamin B12 concentrations on promoter methylation of tumor-associated genes among Iranian colorectal cancer patients. METHODS:We examined the associations between MTHFR C677T genotype,and promoter methylation of P16,hMLH1,and hMSH2 tumor-related genes among151 sporadic colorectal cancer patients. The promoter methylation of tumor-related genes was determined by methylation-specific PCR. Eighty six patients from whom fresh tumor samples were obtained and 81 controls were also examined for serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations by a commercial radioimmunoassay kit. RESULTS:We found 29.1% of cases had tumors with at least one methylated gene promoter. In case-case comparison,we did not find a significant association between methylation in tumors and any single genotype. However,in comparison to controls with the CC genotype,an increased risk of tumor methylation was associated with the CT genotype(OR = 2.5;95% CI,1.1-5.6) . In case-case comparisons,folate/vitamin B12 levels were positively associated with tumor methylation. Adjusted odds ratios for tumor methylation in cases with high(above median) versus low(below median) serum folate/vitamin B12 levels were 4.9(95% CI,1.4-17.7) ,and 3.9(95% CI,1.1-13.9) ,respectively. The frequency of methylated tumors was significantly higher in high methyl donor than low methyl donor group,especially in those with MTHFR CT(P = 0.01) ,and CT/TT(P = 0.002) genotypes,but not in those with the CC genotype(P = 1.0) . CONCLUSION:We conclude that high concentrations of serum folate/vitamin B12 levels are associated with the risk of promoter methylation in tumor-specific genes,and this relationship is modified by MTHFR C677T genotypes.

关键词：结肠直肠癌还原酶叶酸维生素

乳酸菌对犊牛生长性能、血液代谢产物和粪便中大肠杆菌和乳酸杆菌的影响

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饲料博览 2013年第12期23卷 30-30页

作者： Bayatkouhsar J Tahmasebi A M NaserianA A mokarram R R Valizadeh R

用乳酸杆菌饲喂刚出生的母荷斯坦犊牛24只,并评估其对犊牛的影响。将犊牛分成3组:对照组(CON,不添加益生菌)、实验室产生的益生菌(LPP,益生菌2 g·d-1·牛-1)和商品产生的益生菌(CPP,益生菌2 g·d-1·牛-1)。如果连续3天消耗的干物质达... 详细信息

用乳酸杆菌饲喂刚出生的母荷斯坦犊牛24只,并评估其对犊牛的影响。将犊牛分成3组:对照组(CON,不添加益生菌)、实验室产生的益生菌(LPP,益生菌2 g·d-1·牛-1)和商品产生的益生菌(CPP,益生菌2 g·d-1·牛-1)。如果连续3天消耗的干物质达到900 g就对其进行断奶。记录日采食量和粪便评分。每周对犊牛进行称重,在出生7、21、42和90 d采集血样。在断奶后24和168 h采集血样来评价益生菌对断奶应激的影响,在出生后14、21、28和45 d采集粪样标本来评价其对肠道菌群的影响。与对照组相比,添加益生菌显著影响犊牛的最终体重(P0.05)。与对照组相比,添加益生菌可以缩短犊牛的断奶时间。与对照组相比,突然断奶对益生菌组的血液代谢物无显著影响(P>0.05)。在14和28 d,各处理组的LAB数无显著差异(P>0.05);但与其他组相比,LPP组粪便中LAB的数量更多。研究结果表明,尽管益生菌对观察的几个指标的影响不显著,但在饲料中添加益生菌可以影响犊牛的生长性能。

关键词：犊牛乳酸菌血液代谢产物生长性能