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Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Niger Delta region,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第6期7卷 563-568页

作者： Muawiya Musa Abarshi Edward oyedeji Dantala Sanusi Bello Mada Department of Biochemistry Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

objective:To investigate the level of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Fe Mn Ni,Pb and Cd) in muscles,gills and liver tissue of Croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Bonny and Finima,Niger Delta region,***:Twenty four Croacker fishes(Genyonemus lineatus) weighing between 250 and 260 g and 24–26 cm length were collected from each sampling sites(Bonny and finima rivers).The frozen fishes were thawed and dried at 105C until they reach a constant *** dried samples were homogenized and digested with 10 ml tri-acid mixture(HNo3:HCl o4:H2So4),and then the digested samples were diluted to 100 ml with deionized *** metals(Cu,Ni,Zn,Pb,Mn,Iron Fe,and Cd) concentrations were determined by atomic absorption ***:our results revealed that concentrations and distribution patterns of all heavy metals studied varied significantly(P ongst the fish tissues analyzed and sampling ***,liver tissue of fish caught from Finima creek accumulated the highest concentrations of Cu(52.64 ± 3.01 mg/g dry wt),Zn(166.50 ± 6.45 mg/g dry wt)and Fe(801.50 ± 14.15 mg/g dry wt) in comparison to the liver of fish caught from Bonny river in which the levels of Cu,Zn and Fe were(45.00 ± 2.79),(49.90 ± 2.91) and(216 ± 6.11 mg/g dry wt),*** addition,Mn,Ni,Pb and Cd exhibited their highest concentrations in gills from both *** expected,muscle tissue contained the least concentrations of all metals investigated from both sampling ***,all the metals investigated exhibited highest concentration in fish collected from Finima *** abnormal high level heavy metals accumulation observed in this location could be linked to the frequent crude oil spills as well as industrial activity around the area which might get discharged into Finima *** general,the mean concentrations of some toxic heavy metals investigated exceed the recommended maximum permissible limits set by the Joint FAo/WHo ***,some metals

关键词： Croaker fish Heavy metals Bioaccumulation oil spillage Niger Delta region

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Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from naturally infected children in north-central Nigeria using the merozoite surface protein-2 as molecular marker

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第8期6卷 589-594页

作者： Segun Isaac oyedeji Henrietta oluwatoyin Awobode Chiaka Anumudu Jrgen Kun Department of Biotechnology Bells University of Technology Parasitology Unit Department of Zoology University of Ibadan Institute of Tropical Medicine Eberhard Karls University

objective: To characterize the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum ( P. falciparum ) field isolates in children from Lafia, North-central Nigeria, using the highly polymorphic P. falciparum merozoite surface protein 2 (MSP-2) gene as molecular marker. Methods: Three hundred and twenty children were enrolled into the study between 2005 and 2006. These included 140 children who presented with uncomplicated malaria at the Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia and another 180 children from the study area with asymptomatic infection. DNA was extracted from blood spot on filter paper and MSP-2 genes were genotyped using allele-specific nested PCR in order to analyze the genetic diversity of parasite isolates. Results: A total of 31 and 34 distinct MSP-2 alleles were identified in the asymptomatic and uncomplicated malaria groups respectively. No difference was found between the multiplicity of infection in the asymptomatic group and that of the uncomplicated malaria group ( P >0.05). However, isolates of the FC27 allele type were dominant in the asymptomatic group whereas isolates of the 3D7 allele type were dominant in the uncomplicated malaria group. Conclusions: This study showed a high genetic diversity of P. falciparum isolates in North-central Nigeria and is comparable to reports from similar areas with high malaria transmission intensity.

关键词： Malaria Plasmodium falciparum MSP-2 Genetic diversity PCR North-central Nigeria

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Comparison of three PCR methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA and detection of cagA gene in gastric biopsy specimens

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第13期10卷 1958-1960页

作者： SI Smith KS oyedeji Ao Arigbabu FCantet FMegraud ooojo AoUwaifo JAotegbayo Soola Ao Coker Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchP.M.B. 2013YabaLagosNigeria Microbiology Division Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchP.M.B. 2013YabaLagosNigeria Department of Surgery Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital ComplexIle-Ife Laboratoire de Bacteriologie BordeauxCedexFrance Department of Biochemistry University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Medicine University of IbadanIbadanNigeria College of Medicine University of LagosIdi-ArabaLagosNigeria

AIM:To comparatively evaluate PCR and other diagnostic methods (the rapid urease test and/or culture) in order to determine which of the three PCR methods (ureA,glmM and 26-kDa,SSA gene) was most appropriate in the diagnosis of Helicobacterpylori(Hpylori) infection and also to evaluate the detection of a putative virulence marker of H pylori,the cage,gene,by PCR in biopsy specimens. METHoDS:one hundred and eighty-nine biopsy specimens were collected from 63 patients (three biopsies each) undergoing upper gastroduodenal endoscopy for various dyspeptic *** PCR methods used to detect H pylori DNA directly from biopsies were the glmM,26-kDa, ureA and then cagA was used to compare the culture technique and CLo for urease with the culture technique being used as the gold standard. RESULTS:Thirty-five percent of the biopsies were positive for H pylori DNA using the 3 PCR methods,while 68% of these were positive for the cagA ***-four percent of the biopsies were negative for H pylori DNA in all PCR methods *** remaining 41% were either positive for ureA gene only,glmM only,26-kDa only,or ureA+glmM, ureA+26-kDa,glmM+*** of the 35% positive biopsies,41% and 82% were positive by culture and CLo respectively,while all negative biopsies were also negative by culture and *** A+ infection was also predominantly found in H pylori DNA of the biopsies irrespective of the clinical diagnosis. CoNCLUSIoN:This method is useful for correctly identifying infections caused by H pylori and can be easily applied in our laboratory for diagnostic purposes.

关键词： Antigens, Bacterial Bacterial Proteins Biopsy Comparative Study Gastric Mucosa Helicobacter Infections Helicobacter pylori purification Humans Phosphoglucomutase Polymerase Chain Reaction Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Sensitivity and Specificity Urease Virulence

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Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil extracted from Tithonia diversifolia(Asteraceae)flower

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2016年第4期1卷 169-176页

作者： oludare o.Agboola Stephen oyedeji Joshua o olowoyo Abdulwakeel Ajao oladipo Aregbesola Department of Biology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences UniversityPretoriaSouth Africa. Department of Botany University of LagosAkokaYabaLagos StateNigeria. Department of Plant Biology University of IlorinIlorin240003 Nigeria. Department of Botany Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsun StateNigeria Department of Microbiology Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsun StateNigeria

The upsurge in the prevalence of side effects of many synthetic antimicrobial agents and incidence of multidrug resistant bacteria has spurred scientists on the search for plant based antimicrobial of therapeutic *** study extracted essential oils from the flowers of Tithonia diversifolia(Hemsl)***(Mexican sunflower)and assayed it for antimicrobial *** oils were extracted(hydro-distillation),characterized(GC-MS)and tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities.α-Pinene(34.42%),β-Caryophyllene(22.34%),β-Pinene(11.14%),Germacrene-D(11.13%)and 1,8-Cineole(8.76%)were the major constituents of the forty-five compounds *** characterized compounds were general monoterpenes(44.44%),sesquiterpenes(26.67%),including alcohols and aldehydes which accounted for 28.89%.The extract concentrations of 8-120 mg/ml in Potato Dextrose Agar(PDA)medium effectively inhibited the tested fungi in *** 5 mg/ml,only Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus cereus were inhibited of all gram-positive bacteria while Streptococcus pyrogens was *** gram-negative bacteria were *** inhibition of the gram-positive and gram-negative species increases with increased concentration of the essential *** 40 mg/ml,all the tested bacteria species were inhibited and the growth inhibition for the species followed the order;***>Proteus mirabi>Bacillus megaterium>Klebsiella pneumonia>Bacillus cereus>*** oil concentration of 72 mg/ml totally inhibited the growth of all three fungal species-Cochliobolus lunatus,Fusarium solani,Fusarium *** secondary metabolites in the oil of *** proved effective against the tested bacteria and fungi *** finding of this study unlocks the potentials of this essential oil of Mexican sunflower for bio-pesticide production.

关键词： Essential oils Flower Gas chromatography Monoterpenes Sesquiterpenes

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley o.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Essential oil of Grape Fruit (Citrus paradisi) Peels and Its Antimicrobial Activities

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 1-9页

作者： Wahab o. okunowo olajumoke oyedeji Lukman o. Afolabi Eniola Matanmi Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria.

Plants and plant products are continuously being explored in medicine against the increasing number of antibiotic resistant organisms. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil of some plants has been demonstrated against a range of organism. This study aimed to determine the chemical constituents and the antimicrobial effects of the oil of grape peels on some clinical isolates. The oil was obtained from the peels by hydrodistillation procedure and analyzed using Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer. The in-vitro antimicrobial property of the methanolic, ethanolic and tween 80 mixture of extract was determined by agar well diffusion method against selected clinical bacterial isolates (Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, E. coli ATCC 25292, Klebsellia pneumonia, Pseudococcus sp., Salmonella typhmurium, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococus aureus ATCC 29213) and fungal isolates (Aspergillus niger, Candida albican, and Penicillium chrysogenum). The GC-MS analyses of the oil indicated the amount of the essential oil components was highest with D-Limonene (75.05%), followed by β-myrene (7.25%), α-pinene (2.11%), caryophyllene (1.88%), octanal (1.68) and β-phellandrene (1.18%). Some of the minor components included δ-cadinene (0.89%), copaene (0.82%), methyl phthalate (0.54%), linalool (0.48%) and 3-carene (0.21%). The oil extracts exerted different degrees of inhibitory activity against the organisms. The inhibition of the test isolates was dependent on the dissolution solvent used. Methanolic oil mixture inhibited all bacteria and fungi. Ethanol oil mixture inhibited the test bacteria and C. albicans while, the oil extract dissolved in Tween 80 solution showed no inhibitory activity on the test fungi. This study has shown that grape peels from Nigeria contain some antibiotic principles which may be explored for use in the treatment of certain diseases.

关键词： Antimicrobial Bacteria Essential oils Fungi GC-MS Grape Inhibition

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Jatonik polyherbal mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat:In vitro and in vivo studies

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 113-120页

作者： olabinri P.Folashade Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle Tolulope A.oyedeji Fiyinfoluwa Demilade ojeniyi Adisa Ayobami Damilare Leonard o.Ehigie Adeola Folasade Ehigie Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria College of Health Sciences Crescent University AbeokutaAbeokuta 111105Nigeria Department of Biochemistry University of LagosLagos 101017Nigeria

objective:To assess acute toxicity,the in vitro and in vivo effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts(JME and JEE)of Jatonik polyherbal mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver ***:Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke’s *** vitro and in vivo opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore(MMPT pore)was spectrophotometrically *** of malondialdehyde(MDA)as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate and alanine aminotransferase(AST and ALT)and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)was also ***:JME had an LD_(50) of 3808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD_(50) greater than 5000 mg/kg *** *** the rats have been fed with both extracts,a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of *** the in vitro and in vivo studies,both extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT *** compared to the control,lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased(Po and in *** activities of AST,ALT,and GGT were all reduced at 50 mg/kg when treated with JME,but the activity of AST was considerably enhanced when treated with JEE(Poth JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherbal mixture had low toxicity,profound MMPTpore induction,and enhanced ATPase activity,but an increased MDA ***:Jatonik extracts may be a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis,however,further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.

关键词： acute toxicity Ageratum conyzoides Linn. apoptosis Hunteria umbellate(K.Schum.)Hallier f. Lepidium meyenii Walp. mitochondrial ATPase mitochondrial lipid peroxidation mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore polyherbal mixture Xylopia aethiopica(Dunal)A.Rich

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Prevalence and outcome of Preterm Admissions at the Neonatal Unit of a Tertiary Health Centre in Southern Nigeria

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open Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第1期4卷 67-75页

作者： onyaye E. Kunle-olowu oliemen Peterside oyedeji o. Adeyemi Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Okolobiri Nigeria

Background: Preterm babies have increased risk of morbidity and mortality which is inversely related to both gestational age and birth weight. Most preterm births result from maternal or foetal medical conditions. objectives: To determine the prevalence and outcome of preterm admissions at the Special Care Baby Unit of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, as well as theirmorbidity pattern and risk factors for preterm birth. Methodology: All preterm babies admitted from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively studied. Information obtained included gestational age at birth, sex, risk factors for preterm birth, duration of admission, medical problems during admission and outcome. Results: Preterm admissions constituted 24.0% of the total admissions with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. The commonest risk factor for preterm birth was preterm rupture of foetal membranes (46.4%) followed by lack of maternal antenatal care (35.5%) and multiple pregnancy (26.8%) respectively. The commonest medical conditions were respiratory problems in 95 (68.8%) followed by jaundice in 94 (68.1%) and sepsis in 54 (39.1%) of the patients. The case fatality rate was highest in the patients with necrotizing enterocolitis and seizures (66.7%) followed by respiratory problems (63.2%) and bleeding disorders (60.0%). The overall survival rate was 65.9%. The survival rate was significantly higher in the mild preterm category compared to the very preterm and extremely preterm for birth categories χ2 = 29.24, p value = 0.000. Conclusion: Preterms constituted a significant percentage of neonatal admissions at the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital with the case fatality being highest among those with infections and respiratory problems. There is an urgent need for the establishment of a neonatal intensive care unit with facilities for thorough evaluation and management of preterm babies in order to improve survival rate of this vulnerable group of patients.

关键词： Preterm Prevalence outcome Gestational Age Risk Factors Morbidity Mortality

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Seed Germination and Effects of Three Watering Regimes on the Growth of Dialium guineense(Wild) Seedlings

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 3049-3059页

作者： o. olajide A. A. oyedeji G. S. Tom J. Kayode Department of Forestry and Wildlife Faculty of Agriculture University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Plant Science Unit Department of Biological Sciences Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State Nigeria Department of Environmental and Analytical Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Wolverhampton Wolverhampron UK Department of Plant Science Faculty of Science Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

The effectiveness of three pre-germination treatments in breaking dormancy of the seeds of Dialum guineense and effects of three watering regimes on the growth performance of the seedlings were investigated. The pre-germination treatments were: soaking in hot water for 10 seconds and cooling down in cold water (T1), soaking in cold water for 24 hours (T2), soaking in running water for 48 hours (T3) and control (T4), while watering regimes include: watering once daily in the morning (W1), watering once every two days in the morning (W2) and watering once every three days in the morning (W3). The results showed that germination occurred first at 5 days after sowing (5 DAS) among the seeds soaked in cold water for 24 hours before sowing (T2), while the untreated seeds (control) took the longest period of 12 days before germination occurred. T1 had the highest germination value of 49.6% while T3 had the least of 31.2%. The effects of watering regimes were found to be significantly different on stem-collar diameter, leaf area and total dry weight (P owed that W2 and W3 supported the best growth performance. It is concluded from the results that T2 should be adopted for breaking the dormancy of Dialium guineense seeds and watering interval of three days would not dispose the seedlings to water-stress.

关键词： Dialium guineense Seeds Dormancy Pre-Germination Seedlings Growth Watering Regimes

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Effect of Crude oil-Contaminated Soil on Germination and Growth Performance of Abelmoschus esculentusL. Moench—A Widely Cultivated Vegetable Crop in Nigeria

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第10期3卷 1451-1454页

作者： A. A. oyedeji A. o. Adebiyi M. A. omotoyinbo C. o. ogunkunle Department of Biological Sciences Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Nigeria Department of Plant Biology University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria Department of Plant Science Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

This study investigated the effect of crude oil-contaminated soil on the germination and growth performance of Abelmoschus esculentus, a widely cultivated vegetable crop in Nigeria. The experiment was conducted in the Screen House, under controlled environmental conditions. The seedling emergence percentage, heights and girths were studied to determine the growth performance of the crop in crude oil-contaminated soil. The result of the investigation revealed that the crude oil-contaminated soil affects the growth performance of Abelmoschus esculentus L. as hindered germination, reduced heights and girths were observed in the crop planted in treated soil and this adversely and severely affects the crop agronomic growth and development and probably its yield. Therefore, contamination of agricultural soils with crude oil should be avoided and public awareness should be created on the detrimental effects of crude oil pollution in our terrestrial ecosystem. Innovative and environmental-friendly remediation strategies should be carried out on our agricultural soils that have been grossly polluted by crude oil exploitation and exploration.

关键词： Soil Contamination Crude oil Growth Performance Abelmoschus esculentus

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