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The Role of Trace Metals and Environmental Factors in the Onset and Progression of Schizophrenia in Pakistani Population

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2014年第5期4卷 450-460页

作者： Rukhsana nawaz Erum Zahir Sonia Siddiqui Asad Usmani K. Fatima Shad Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research ICCBS University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan AnylabTest Everett WA USA School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Science University of Technology Sydney Australia

Exposure to toxic chemicals appears to be one of the major factors in the onset of Schizophrenia. Present study was designed to find out the association of socio-economic, clinical and heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) selenium (Se) and arsenic (As) as the principle environmental factors that appear to impact schizophrenic condition in Pakistani population. In this study we have tried to expose some factors such as drug abuse, marital status, education, monthly income that could be related to the disease. These parameters were not investigated before in Pakistani subjects. A self-made questionnaire was developed to collect and record the history of patient’s social and economical status. The level of transition metals in the whole blood was also measured by using Inductive couple plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Present study has found higher levels of Cr, Pb, Zn, Se, As and Cu and lower levels of Fe and Mn in the blood of newly diagnosed (ND) patients when compared to the controls. While comparing ND with the patients who were on medication (Old Diagnosed) we, found lower level of these metals except for copper in ND. However no significant differences were observed between any trace metal levels between the studied groups. The survey concludes that economic status, marital status and illegal drugs are significantly associated with schizophrenia. Pakistani men who use cannabis are significantly higher in numbers when compared to women in acquiring the psychiatric symptoms.

关键词： Schizophrenia Trace Metals Pakistani Population Inductive Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) Human

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Implementation of Variable Tone Variable Bits Gray-Scale Image Stegnography Using Discrete Cosine Transform

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2013年第4期4卷 343-350页

作者： Sahib Khan Muhammad nawaz Khan Somia Iqbal Syed Yaqoob Shah Nasir Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Peshawar Pakistan

Secure exchange of information is the basic need of modern digital world of e-communication which is achieved either by encrypting information or by hiding information in other information called cover media. Concealing information requires a well designed technique of Stegnography. This work presents a technique, variable tone variable bits (VTVB) Stegnography, to hide information in a cover image. The VTVB Stegnography hides variable data in discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of the cover image. VTVB Stegnography provides variable data hiding capacity and variable distortion. Additional large data hiding this technique provide extra security due to the large key size making VTVB Stegnography technique much more immune to steganalysis. The hiding makes the existence of information imperceptible for steganalysis and the key of keeping a secret makes the recovering of information difficult for an intruder. The key size is depending on cover image and numbers of bits of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients used for information embedding. This is a very flexible technique and can be used for low payload applications, e.g. watermarking to high payload applications, e.g. network Stegnography.

关键词： Information Security Image Processing Stegnography Steganalysis Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)

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Acute myocardial infarction in myeloproliferative neoplasms

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World Journal of Cardiology 2023年第11期15卷 571-581页

作者： Muhammad Romail Manan Vincent Kipkorir Iqra nawaz Maryann Wanjiku Waithaka Bahadar Singh Srichawla Amelia Maria Găman Camelia Cristina Diaconu Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Services Institute of Medical Sciences Lahore 54000Pakistan Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology University of NairobiNairobi 00100Kenya Quaid-e-Azam Medical College Bahawalpur 63100Pakistan Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Department of Pathophysiology University of Medicine and Pharmacy of CraiovaCraiova 200143Romania Clinic of Hematology Filantropia City HospitalCraiova 200143Romania Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine“Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Internal Medicine Clinic Clinical Emergency Hospital of BucharestBucharest 105402Romania Faculty of Medicine “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Department of Hematology Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationFundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Stefan S.Nicolau Institute of VirologyRomanian AcademyBucharest 030304Romania

Myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs)are a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by an abnormal proliferation of cells of the myeloid *** individuals are at increased risk for cardiovascular and thrombotic *** infarction(MI)may be one of the earliest clinical manifestations of MPNs or may be a thrombotic complication that develops during the natural course of the *** the present review,we examine the epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical presentation,and management of MI in MPNs based on the available ***,we review potential biomarkers that could mediate the MI-MPNs crosstalk,from classical biochemical tests,e.g.,lactate dehydrogenase,creatine kinase and troponins,to pro-inflammatory cytokines,oxidative stress markers,and clonal hematopoiesis.

关键词： Myeloproliferative neoplasms Polycythemia vera Essential thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis Myocardial infarction Acute coronary syndrome Biomarker Clonal hematopoiesis

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Evaluation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Capacity of <i>Croton bonplandianum</i>. Baill

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 1709-1712页

作者： Muhammad Naeem Qaisar Bashir Ahmad Chaudary Muhammad Uzair Sajid nawaz Hussain Faculty of Pharmacy Bahauddun Zakariya University Multan Pakistan.

The antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Methanolic and Dichloromethane extracts of Croton bonplandianum Baill were evaluated in a bid to provide better scientific basis for the isolation of bioactive compounds from the plant. The DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the Methanolic extract were 59.62%, and Dichloromethane extract was not toxic. Gallic acid used as reference compounds showed higher antioxidant activities to the plant extracts. Both methanolic and dichloromethane extracts were evaluated for their brine shrimp lethality. Methanolic extract showed cytotoxic activity in vitro with a LD50 value of 115.76 (0.0048-3.76) μg/ml. Etoposide was used as standard drug. Put together, these results confirm that Croton bonplandianum extracts possess appreciable natural antioxidant and cytotoxic potentials, thereby providing good justification for the isolation of pure bioactive compounds.

关键词： Antioxidant Activity Scavenging Activity Cytotoxic Activity Brine Shrimp Croton bonplandianum

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Property-performance relationship of core-shell structured black TiO_(2) photocatalyst for environmental remediation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第9期17卷 177-195页

作者： Sajjad Haider Rab nawaz Muzammil Anjum Tahir Haneef Vipin Kumar Oad Salah Uddinkhan Rawaiz Khan Muhammad Aqif Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Department of Environmental Sciences Institute of Soil and Environmental SciencesPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University ShamsabadRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices(COINN) Institute of Autonomous SystemUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar 32610Malaysia Civil and Environmental Engineering Department The University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleAL 35899USA Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Gdansk University of TechnologyGdansk 80-233Poland College of Engineering King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Restorative Dental Sciences Department College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11545Saudi Arabia Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringGhulam Ishaq Khan InstituteKhyber Pakhtunkhwa Topi 23460Pakistan

Understanding the relationship between the properties and performance of black titanium dioxide with core-shell structure(CSBT)for environmental remediation is crucial for improving its prospects in practical *** this study,CSBT was synthesized using a glycerol-assisted sol-gel *** effect of different water-to-glycerol ratios(W:G=1:0,9:1,2:1,and 1:1)on the semiconducting and physicochemical properties of CSBT was *** effectiveness of CSBT in removing phenolic compounds(PHCs)from real agro-industrial wastewater was *** CSBT synthesized with a W:G ratio of 9:1 has optimized properties for enhanced removal of *** has a distinct coreshell structure and an appropriate amount of Ti3+cations(11.18%),which play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of *** exposed to visible light,the CSBT performed better:48.30%of PHCs were removed after 180 min,compared to only 21.95%for TiO_(2) without core-shell *** CSBT consumed only 45.5235 kWh/m^(3) of electrical energy per order of magnitude and cost$2.4127 per unit volume of treated agro-industrial *** the conditions tested,the CSBT demonstrated exceptional stability and *** CSBT showed promising results in the treatment of phenols-containing agro-industrial wastewater.

关键词： Black TiO_(2) Core-shell structure Property-performance relationship Agro-industrial effluent Environmental remediation

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Financial Variables and Systematic Risk

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Chinese Business Review 2017年第1期16卷 36-46页

作者： Rashed nawaz Waqar Ahmed Imran Sabeela Sabir Muhammad Arshad Tayyaba Rani Adnan Khan Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan University of Wales Wales UK

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship among financial determinants and systematic risk of cement industry. Five financial variables are utilized as components, i.e. industry size, operating efficiency, liquidity, profitability, and financial leverage in this study. Six years data from 2008 to 2013 have been collected from Karachi Stock Exchange. The consequences of 29 cement industries showed that there is a huge relationship between industry size, operating efficiency, and profitability with 181 systematic risk and results similar to past studies while liquidity and financial leverage have not a significant relationship with beta （systematic risk）. Results are profitable for budgetary approach creators and investors to expand the profits.

关键词： cement industries systematic risk CAPM

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Critical care practices in the world:Results of the global intensive care unit need assessment survey 2020

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第3期11卷 169-177页

作者： Faisal A nawaz Neha Deo Salim Surani William Maynard Martin L Gibbs Rahul Kashyap College of Medicine Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health SciencesDubai 505055United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Alix School of MedicineRochesterMN 55905United States Critical Care Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Texas A&M University College StationTX 77843United States Internal Medicine TriStar Centennial Medical CenterHCA HealthcareNashvilleTN 37203United States Pulmonary and Critical Care Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUND There is variability in intensive care unit(ICU)resources and staffing *** may reflect variation in practice and outcomes across all health *** To improve research and quality improvement measures administrative leaders can create long-term strategies by understanding the nature of ICU practices on a global *** The Global ICU Needs Assessment Research Group was formed on the basis of diversified skill *** aimed to survey sites regarding ICU type,availability of staffing,and adherence to critical care *** international survey‘Global ICU Needs Assessment’was created using Google Forms,and this was distributed from February 17^(th),2020 till September 23^(rd),*** survey was shared with ICU providers in 34 *** approaches to motivating healthcare providers were implemented in securing submissions,including use of emails,phone calls,social media applications,and WhatsApp^(TM).By completing this survey,providers gave their consent for research *** study was deemed eligible for category-2 Institutional Review Board exempt *** There were a total 121 adult/adult-pediatrics ICU responses from 34 countries in 76 cities.A majority of the ICUs were mixed medical-surgical[92(76%)].108(89%)were adult-only *** 36 respondents(29.8%)were 31-40 years of age,with 79(65%)male and 41(35%)female participants.89 were consultants(74%).A total of 71(59%)respondents reported having a 24-h inhouse intensivist.A total of 87(72%)ICUs were reported to have either a 2:1 or≥2:1 patient/nurse *** 44%of the ICUs were open and 76%were mixed type(medical-surgical).Protocols followed regularly by the ICUs included sepsis care(82%),ventilator-associated pneumonia(79%);nutrition(76%),deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis(84%),stress ulcer prophylaxis(84%),and glycemic control(89%).CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this international,multi-dimensional,needs-assessment survey,there is a need for increased

关键词： Intensive care unit Critical care Global Survey Intensive care unit survey Intensive care unit needs

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不同钾钠处理对西瓜生长和生理的影响

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中国瓜菜 2016年第12期29卷 14-18页

作者：焦妍妍陈晨 Muhammad Azher nawaz 别之龙黄远园艺植物生物学教育部重点试验室.华中农业大学园艺林学学院武汉430070

以‘早佳’(8424)西瓜为供试材料,在6 mmol·L^(-1)K+0 mmol·L^(-1)Na、0.01 mmol·L^(-1)K+0 mmol·L^(-1)Na、0 mmol·L^(-1)K+0.01 mmol·L^(-1)Na、0.01 mmol·L^(-1)K+5.99 mmol·L^(-1)Na、0 mmol·L^(-1)K+0.01 mmol·L^(-1)Na、6 mmol·L^(-1)K+6 mmol·L^(-1)Na条件下水培处理10 d,分别测定植株干质量,叶绿素含量、光合速率、气孔导度、K、Na浓度。结果表明,以正常供钾(6 mmol·L^(-1)K+0 mmol·L^(-1)Na)为对照,0.01 mmol·L^(-1)K+0 mmol·L^(-1)Na和0 mmol·L^(-1)K+0.01 mmol·L^(-1)Na处理下西瓜植株的干质量、光合速率和钾浓度的降低程度相当,叶片干质量分别下降了57%和58%,表明低浓度的钠起到了代替钾生理功能的作用;相反,0.01 mmol·L^(-1)K+5.99 mmol·L^(-1)Na和0 mmol·L-1K+6 mmol·L^(-1)Na处理加重了低钾胁迫对西瓜植株生长的抑制作用,植株干质量和光合速率显著下降,叶片干质量分别下降了63%和67%,光合速率下降了66%和68%,表明低钾下较高浓度的钠对西瓜产生了毒害作用;6 mmol·L^(-1)K+6 mmol·L^(-1)Na处理对西瓜植株的干质量无显著影响,但光合速率和钾浓度有所降低,光合速率下降了28%,表明正常钾水平下较高浓度的钠对植株具有一定伤害,但比低钾下钠的伤害要轻。本研究结果表明,低浓度的钠能代替钾的部分生理功能,而较高浓度的钠会对植株产生伤害,尤其是西瓜植株处于较低钾水平的情况下。

关键词：西瓜钾钠光合作用矿质营养

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矮小体型芦花鸡GHR基因突变类型分析及其与正常体型芦花鸡发育差异研究

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农业生物技术学报 2021年第10期29卷 1978-1989页

作者：郑嘉辉冷奇颖张为露 Ali Hassan nawaz 杜炳旺张丽广东海洋大学滨海农业学院

矮小鸡(Gallus domesticus)由于其体型小,节约养殖空间等优点常被用于鸡配套系生产。本研究为明确矮小体型芦花鸡的生长激素受体(growth hormone receptor, GHR)基因突变类型,探究正常体型芦花鸡和矮小体型芦花鸡间的生长发育差异,针对... 详细信息

矮小鸡(Gallus domesticus)由于其体型小,节约养殖空间等优点常被用于鸡配套系生产。本研究为明确矮小体型芦花鸡的生长激素受体(growth hormone receptor, GHR)基因突变类型,探究正常体型芦花鸡和矮小体型芦花鸡间的生长发育差异,针对矮小体型芦花鸡GHR基因常见的4种突变位点设计引物,以矮小体型芦花鸡的基因组DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,分析其遗传变异类型。同时比较分析了正常体型芦花鸡与矮小体型芦花鸡体重和胫长的发育特点,使用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertalanffy 3种数学模型拟合分析了其最适模型和拟合参数。结果显示,与正常体型芦花鸡相比,矮小体型芦花鸡GHR基因缺失了1 781 bp的碱基序列。正常体型芦花鸡与矮小体型芦花鸡在1～13周龄期间发育差异明显,尤其在体重和胫长2个性状对比明显。Logistic是正常体型芦花鸡与矮小体型芦花鸡体重的最优拟合模型(R2>0.990)。对于胫长而言,在雄性芦花鸡中,正常体型芦花鸡的最佳拟合模型为Logistic,矮小体型芦花鸡的最适拟合模型为Von Bertalanffy。在雌性芦花鸡中,正常体型芦花鸡和矮小体型芦花鸡的最佳拟合模型均为Von Bertalanffy。本研究为芦花鸡精细饲养管理和矮小芦花鸡的分子标记辅助育种提供了参考依据。

关键词：矮小体型芦花鸡正常体型芦花鸡生长激素受体(GHR)基因突变类型品系差异

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Molecular detection of Leishmania species in human and animals from cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic areas of Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第8期11卷 495-500页

作者： Mubashir Hussain Shahzad Munir Abdullah Jalal Taj Ali Khan Niaz Muhammad Bahar Ullah Khattak Abdullah Khan Irfan Ahmed Zulqarnain Baloch nawaz Haider Bashir Muhammad Ameen Jamal Kashif Rahim Humaira Mazhar Maira Riaz Noha Watany Vector Borne Diseases Lab Department of Microbiology Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat Faculty of Plant Protection Yunnan Agricultural University Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering The University of AgriculturePeshawar Pakistan Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Yunnan Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine South China Agricultural University Department of Animal Breeding Genetics and Reproduction Yunnan Agricultural University Beijing Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Vector Biology Research Lab US Naval Medical Research Unit 3

Objectives: To detect Leishmania species in human patients, animal reservoirs and Phlebotomus sandflies in Waziristan, Pakistan. Methods: Tissue smears and aspirates from 448 cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) suspected patients were analyzed. To sort out role of the reservoir hosts, skin scrapings, spleen and liver samples from 104 rodents were collected. Furthermore, buffy coat samples were obtained from 60 domestic animals. Sandflies were also trapped. All human, animals and sandfly samples were tested by microscopy, kinetoplastic PCR and internal transcribed spacer 1(ITS1) PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism for detection of Leishmania species. Results: An overall prevalence of 3.83% and 5.21% through microscopy and ITS1 PCR respectively was found. However, the statistically non-significant correlation was found between area, gender, and number of lesions. The presence of rodents, sandflies, domestic animals and internally displaced people increased the risk of CL. Using ITS1-PCR-RFLP, Leishmania tropica(L. tropica) was confirmed in 106 samples while 25 of the isolates were diagnosed as Leishmania major(L. major). Similarly, 3/104 rodents were positive for L. major and 14 pools of DNA samples containing Phlebotomus sergenti sandflies were positive for L. tropica. None of samples from domestic animals were positive for leishmaniasis. Conclusions: In the present study, L. tropica and L. major are found to be the main causative agents of CL in study area. Movement of internally displaced people from CL endemic areas presents a risk for nearby CL free areas. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time L. major infection in rodents(Rattus rattus) and L. tropica in Phlebotomus sergenti sandflies trapped in Waziristan, Pakistan.

关键词： Leishmania major Rodents Cutaneous leishmaniasis Domestic animals ITS 1 PCR Waziristan

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