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A Novel Wrapper-Based Optimization Algorithm for the Feature Selection and Classification

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5799-5820页

作者： Noureen Talpur Said Jadid Abdulkadir mohd hilmi hasan Hitham Alhussian Ayed Alwadain Computer and Information Sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh145111Saudi Arabia

Machine learning(ML)practices such as classification have played a very important role in classifying diseases in medical *** medical science is a sensitive field,the pre-processing of medical data requires careful handling to make quality clinical ***,medical data is considered high-dimensional and complex data that contains many irrelevant and redundant *** factors indirectly upset the disease prediction and classification accuracy of any ML *** address this issue,various data pre-processing methods called Feature Selection(FS)techniques have been presented in the ***,the majority of such techniques frequently suffer from local minima issues due to large solution ***,this study has proposed a novel wrapper-based Sand Cat SwarmOptimization(SCSO)technique as an FS approach to find optimum features from ten benchmark medical *** SCSO algorithm replicates the hunting and searching strategies of the sand cat while having the advantage of avoiding local optima and finding the ideal solution with minimal control ***,K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)classifier was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the features identified by the proposed SCSO *** performance of the proposed SCSO algorithm was compared with six state-of-the-art and recent wrapper-based optimization algorithms using the validation metrics of classification accuracy,optimum feature size,and computational cost in *** simulation results on the benchmark medical datasets revealed that the proposed SCSO-KNN approach has outperformed comparative algorithms with an average classification accuracy of 93.96%by selecting 14.2 features within 1.91 ***,the Wilcoxon rank test was used to perform the significance analysis between the proposed SCSOKNN method and six other algorithms for a p-value less than *** findings revealed that the proposed algorithm produces better outcomes with an average p-value o

关键词： Machine learning optimization feature selection classification medical data

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Secure Transmission of Compressed Medical Image Sequences on Communication Networks Using Motion Vector Watermarking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3283-3301页

作者： Rafi Ullah mohd hilmi bin hasan Sultan Daud Khan Mussadiq Abdul Rahim Computer and Information Sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar Perak32610Malaysia Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad46000Pakistan Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Secure Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDammam31261Saudi Arabia

Medical imaging plays a key role within modern hospital management systems for diagnostic *** methodologies are extensively employed to mitigate storage demands and enhance transmission speed,all while upholding image ***,an increasing number of hospitals are embracing cloud computing for patient data storage,necessitating meticulous scrutiny of server security and privacy ***,considering the widespread availability of multimedia tools,the preservation of digital data integrity surpasses the significance of compression *** response to this concern,we propose a secure storage and transmission solution for compressed medical image sequences,such as ultrasound images,utilizing a motion vector watermarking *** watermark is generated employing an error-correcting code known as Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem(BCH)and is subsequently embedded into the compressed sequence via block-based motion *** the process of watermark embedding,motion vectors are selected based on their magnitude and phase *** embedding watermarks,no specific spatial area,such as a region of interest(ROI),is used in the *** embedding of watermark bits is dependent on motion *** reversible watermarking allows the restoration of the original image sequences,we use the irreversible watermarking *** reason for this is that the use of reversible watermarks may impede the claims of ownership and legal *** restoration of original data or images may call into question ownership or other legal *** peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and structural similarity index(SSIM)serve as metrics for evaluating the watermarked image *** all images,the PSNR value exceeds 46 dB,and the SSIM value exceeds *** results substantiate the efficacy of the proposed technique in preserving data integrity.

关键词： Block matching algorithm(BMA) compression full-search algorithm motion vectors ultrasound image sequence watermarking

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Energy Price Forecasting Through Novel Fuzzy Type-1 Membership Functions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1799-1815页

作者： Muhammad Hamza Azam mohd hilmi hasan Azlinda A Malik Saima Hassan Said Jadid Abdulkadir Centre of Research in Data Science Computerand Information Sciences DepartmentUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Petroleum Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat26000K.P.KPakistan

Electricity price forecasting is a subset of energy and power forecasting that focuses on projecting commercial electricity market present and future *** price forecasting have been a critical input to energy corporations’strategic decision-making systems over the last 15 *** strategies have been utilized for price forecasting in the past,however Artificial Intelligence Techniques(Fuzzy Logic and ANN)have proven to be more efficient than traditional techniques(Regression and Time Series).Fuzzy logic is an approach that uses membership functions(MF)and fuzzy inference model to forecast future electricity *** c-means(FCM)is one of the popular clustering approach for generating fuzzy membership ***,the fuzzy c-means algorithm is limited to producing only one type of MFs,Gaussian *** generation of various fuzzy membership functions is critical since it allows for more efficient and optimal problem *** a result,for the best and most improved results for electricity price forecasting,an approach to generate multiple type-1 fuzzy MFs using FCM algorithm is ***,the objective of this paper is to propose an approach for generating type-1 fuzzy triangular and trapezoidal MFs using FCM algorithm to overcome the limitations of the FCM *** approach is used to compute and improve forecasting accuracy for electricity prices,where Australian Energy Market Operator(AEMO)data is *** results show that the proposed approach of using FCM to generate type-1 fuzzy MFs is effective and can be adopted.

关键词： Fuzzy logic fuzzy C-means type-1 fuzzy membership function electricity price forecasting

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Generating Type 2 Trapezoidal Fuzzy Membership Function Using Genetic Tuning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 717-734页

作者： Siti Hajar Khairuddin mohd hilmi hasan Emilia Akashah P.Akhir Manzoor Ahmed Hashmani Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASPerakMalaysia

Fuzzy inference system(FIS)is a process of fuzzy logic reasoning to produce the output based on fuzzified *** system starts with identifying input from data,applying the fuzziness to input using membership functions(MF),generating fuzzy rules for the fuzzy sets and obtaining the *** are several types of input MFs which can be introduced in FIS,commonly chosen based on the type of real data,sensitivity of certain rule implied and computational *** paper focuses on the construction of interval type 2(IT2)trapezoidal shape MF from fuzzy C Means(FCM)that is used for fuzzification process of mamdani *** the process,upper MF(UMF)and lower MF(LMF)of the MF need to be identified to get the range of the footprint of uncertainty(FOU).This paper proposes Genetic tuning process,which is a part of genetic algorithm(GA),to adjust parameters in order to improve the behavior of existing system,especially to enhance the accuracy of the system *** novel process is a hybrid approach which produces Genetic Fuzzy System(GFS)that helps to enhance fuzzy classification problems and *** approach provides a new method for the construction and tuning process of the IT2 MF,based on the FCM *** result is compared to Gaussian shape IT2 MF and trapezoid IT2 MF generated by the classic GA *** is shown that the proposed approach is able to outperform the mentioned benchmarked *** work implies a wider range of IT2 MF types,constructed based on FCM outcomes,and an optimum generation of the FOU so that it can be implemented in practical applications such as prediction,analytics and rule-based solutions.

关键词： Fuzzy inference system membership function genetic tuning lateral adjustment trapezoidal MF fuzzy C means

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A Real-Time Automatic Translation of Text to Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2471-2488页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah Babar Ahmad Muhammad Kashif Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan mohd hilmi hasan Norshakirah Aziz Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversitiTeknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia

Communication is a basic need of every human being;by this,they can learn,express their feelings and exchange their ideas,but deaf people cannot listen and *** communication,they use various hands gestures,also known as Sign Language(SL),which they learn from special *** normal people have not taken SL classes;therefore,they are unable to perform signs of daily routine sentences(e.g.,what are the specifications of this mobile phone?).A technological solution can facilitate in overcoming this communication gap by which normal people can communicate with deaf *** paper presents an architecture for an application named Sign4PSL that translates the sentences to Pakistan Sign Language(PSL)for deaf people with visual representation using virtual signing *** research aims to develop a generic independent application that is lightweight and reusable on any platform,including web and mobile,with an ability to perform offline text *** Sign4PSL relies on a knowledge base that stores both corpus of PSL Words and their coded form in the notation ***4PSL takes English language text as an input,performs the translation to PSL through sign language notation and displays gestures to the user using virtual *** system is tested on deaf students at a special *** results have shown that the students were able to understand the story presented to them appropriately.

关键词： Sign language sign markup language deaf communication hamburg notations machine translation

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Sign Language to Sentence Formation:A Real Time Solution for Deaf People

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2501-2519页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah Muhammad Kashif Babar Ahmad Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan mohd hilmi hasan Amir Haider Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Communication is a basic need of every human being to exchange thoughts and interact with the *** peoples usually confab through different spoken languages,whereas deaf people cannot do ***,the Sign Language(SL)is the communication medium of such people for their conversation and interaction with the *** SL is expressed in terms of specific gesture for every word and a gesture is consisted in a sequence of performed *** acute people normally observe these signs to understand the difference between single and multiple gestures for singular and plural words *** signs for singular words such as I,eat,drink,home are unalike the plural words as school,cars,players.A special training is required to gain the sufficient knowledge and practice so that people can differentiate and understand every gesture/sign *** researches have been performed to articulate the computer-based solution to understand the single gesture with the help of a single hand *** complete understanding of such communications are possible only with the help of this differentiation of gestures in computer-based solution of SL to cope with the real world ***,there is still a demand for specific environment to automate such a communication solution to interact with such type of special *** research focuses on facilitating the deaf community by capturing the gestures in video format and then mapping and differentiating as single or multiple gestures used in ***,these are converted into the respective words/sentences within a reasonable *** provide a real time solution for the deaf people to communicate and interact with the society.

关键词： Sign language machine learning conventional neural network image processing deaf community

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Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network Based-Bayesian Optimization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3223-3238页

作者： Alawi Alqushaibi mohd hilmi hasan Said Jadid Abdulkadir Amgad Muneer Mohammed Gamal Qasem Al-Tashi Shakirah mohd Taib Hitham Alhussian Computer&Information Sciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Centre for Research in Data Science(CERDAS) Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Department of Imaging Physics University of Texas MD Anderson CancerHoustonTXUSA

Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition characterized by *** could lead to plenty of *** to rising morbidity in recent years,the world’s diabetic patients will exceed 642 million by 2040,implying that one out of every ten persons will be *** is no doubt that this startling figure requires immediate attention from industry and academia to promote innovation and growth in diabetes risk prediction to save individuals’*** to its rapid development,deep learning(DL)was used to predict numerous ***,DLmethods still suffer from their limited prediction performance due to the hyperparameters selection and parameters ***,the selection of hyper-parameters is critical in improving classification *** study presents Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)that has achieved remarkable results in many medical domains where the Bayesian optimization algorithm(BOA)has been employed for hyperparameters selection and parameters *** issues have been investigated and solved during the experiment to enhance the *** first is the dataset class imbalance,which is solved using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)*** second issue is the model’s poor performance,which has been solved using the Bayesian optimization *** findings indicate that the Bayesian based-CNN model superbases all the state-of-the-art models in the literature with an accuracy of 89.36%,F1-score of 0.88.6,andMatthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC)of 0.88.6.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes diabetes mellitus convolutional neural network Bayesian optimization SMOTE

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Windows 10’s Browser Forensic Analysis for Tracing P2P Networks’Anonymous Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1251-1273页

作者： Saima Kauser Tauqeer Safdar Malik mohd hilmi hasan Emelia Akashah P.Akhir Syed Muhammad Husnain Kazmi Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia IAR Systems MästaStockholmStation Gatan 2319542Sweden

A web browser is the most basic tool for accessing the internet from any of the machines/***,data breaches have been reported frequently from users who are concerned about their personal information,as well as threats from criminal *** loss of data and information to an innocent user comes under the jurisdiction of *** kinds of cyber-attacks are far more dangerous when it comes to the many types of devices employed in an internet of things(IoT)*** surveillance of IoT devices and forensic tools are required to overcome the issues pertaining to secure data and *** to peer(P2P)applications have been utilized for criminal operations on the ***,it is a challenge for a forensic investigator to perform forensic analysis of the evolving hardware and software platforms for *** identity concealment and privacy protection,the Onion Router(Tor)and Chrome with the Invisible Internet Project(I2P)as the foundation browser are often *** is required to determine whether Tor is truly anonymous and private as they *** people,on the other hand,utilize the Tor browser for evil *** and techniques are available for the collection of artifacts,identifying problem areas,further processing and analysis of data on the computer and *** research tried to explore a few tools for the tracing of I2P activities over computer on windows 10 that reflects IoT *** to the results of this research,it leaves an excessive amount of important digital evidence on the operating system that can be exploited to attack the information of *** research is based on windows operating system and does not support other operating systems.

关键词： Cyber-security peer-to-peer invisible internet project(I2P) forensic analysis the onion router(Tor)

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Machine Learning and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Techniques for Imbalanced Data: Improving Machine Failure Prediction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 4821-4841页

作者： Yap Bee Wah Azlan Ismail Nur Niswah Naslina Azid Jafreezal Jaafar Izzatdin Abdul Aziz mohd hilmi hasan Jasni Mohamad Zain Institute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence(IBDAAI) Kompleks Al-KhawarizmiUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah Alam40450SelangorMalaysia School of Computing Sciences College of ComputingInformatics and MediaUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)40450Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia Mathematical Sciences Studies College of ComputingInformatics and MediaUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Kelantan BranchMachang CampusBukit Ilmu18500MachangKelantan Darul NaimMalaysia Centre for Research in Data Science(CeRDaS) Department of Computer and Information Sciences(DCIS)Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS(UTP)Seri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia UNITAR International University Jalan SS6/3SS6Petaling Jaya47301SelangorMalaysia

Prediction of machine failure is challenging as the dataset is often imbalanced with a low failure *** common approach to han-dle classification involving imbalanced data is to balance the data using a sampling approach such as random undersampling,random oversampling,or Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)*** paper compared the classification performance of three popular classifiers(Logistic Regression,Gaussian Naïve Bayes,and Support Vector Machine)in predicting machine failure in the Oil and Gas *** original machine failure dataset consists of 20,473 hourly data and is imbalanced with 19945(97%)‘non-failure’and 528(3%)‘failure data’.The three independent variables to predict machine failure were pressure indicator,flow indicator,and level *** accuracy of the classifiers is very high and close to 100%,but the sensitivity of all classifiers using the original dataset was close to *** performance of the three classifiers was then evaluated for data with different imbalance rates(10%to 50%)generated from the original data using SMOTE,SMOTE-Support Vector Machine(SMOTE-SVM)and SMOTE-Edited Nearest Neighbour(SMOTE-ENN).The classifiers were evaluated based on improvement in sensitivity and *** showed that the sensitivity of all classifiers increases as the imbalance rate *** with radial basis function(RBF)kernel has the highest sensitivity when data is balanced(50:50)using SMOTE(Sensitivitytest=0.5686,Ftest=0.6927)compared to Naïve Bayes(Sensitivitytest=0.4033,Ftest=0.6218)and Logistic Regression(Sensitivitytest=0.4194,Ftest=0.621).Overall,the Gaussian Naïve Bayes model consistently improves sensitivity and F-measure as the imbalance ratio increases,but the sensitivity is below 50%.The classifiers performed better when data was balanced using SMOTE-SVM compared to SMOTE and SMOTE-ENN.

关键词： Machine failure machine learning imbalanced data SMOTE classification

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Robust and Efficient Reliability Estimation for Exponential Distribution

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2807-2824页

作者： Muhammad Aslam mohd Safari Nurulkamal Masseran Muhammad hilmi Abdul Majid Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaUPM Serdang43400SelangorMalaysia Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUKM Bangi43600SelangorMalaysia

In modeling reliability data,the exponential distribution is commonly used due to its *** estimating the parameter of the exponential distribution,classical estimators including maximum likelihood estimator represent the most commonly used method and are well known to be ***,the maximum likelihood estimator is highly sensitive in the presence of contamination or *** this study,a robust and efficient estimator of the exponential distribution parameter was proposed based on the probability integral transform *** examine the robustness of this new estimator,asymptotic variance,breakdown point,and gross error sensitivity were *** new estimator offers reasonable protection against outliers besides being simple to ***,a simulation study was conducted to compare the performance of this new estimator with the maximum likelihood estimator,weighted likelihood estimator,and M-scale estimator in the presence of ***,a statistical analysis of three reliability data sets was conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed estimator.

关键词： Exponential distribution M-estimator probability integral transform statistic robust estimation reliability

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