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Experimental and numerical settlement analysis of railway track over geogrid reinforced ballast

Railway Sciences 2024年第3期3卷 311-331页

作者： mohammed y.fattah Mahmood R.Mahmood mohammed F.Aswad Department of Civil Engineering UOTBaghdadIraq

Purpose-The main objective of the present research is to investigate the benefits of using geogrid reinforcement in minimizing the rate of deterioration of ballasted rail track geometry resting on soft clay and to explore the effect of load amplitude,load frequency,presence of geogrid layer in ballast layer and ballast layer thickness on the behavior of track *** variables are studied both experimentally and *** paper examines the effect of geogrid reinforced ballast laying on a layer of clayey soil as a subgrade layer,where a half full scale railway tests are conducted as well as a theoretical analysis is ***/methodologylapproach-The experimental tests work consists of laboratory model tests to investigate the reduction in the compressibility and stress distribution induced in soft clay under a ballast railway reinforced by geogrid reinforcement subjected to dynamic *** model based on an approximate half scale for general rail track engineering practice is adopted in this study which is used in Iraqi *** investigated parameters are load amplitude,load frequency and presence of geogrid reinforcement layer.A half fuli-scale railway was constructed for carrying out the tests,which consists of two rails 800 mm in iength with three w00den sleepers(900 mm×90 mm×90 mm).The ballast was overlying 500 mm thick clay *** tests were carried out with and without geogrid reinforcement,the tests were carried out in a well tied steel box of 1.5 m length X 1 m width X 1 m height.A series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the response of the ballast and the clay layers where the ballast was reinforced by a *** in ballast and clay,was measured in reinforced and unreinforced ballast *** addition to the laboratory tests,the application of numerical analysis was made by using the finite element program PLAXIS 3D ***-It was concluded that the settlement increased with increasing t

关键词： Track ettlement Ballast Finiteelements

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Effect of degree of saturation on stresses and pore water pressure in the subgrade layer caused by railway track loading

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Railway Sciences 2024年第4期3卷 413-436页

作者： mohammed y.fattah Qutaiba G.Majeed Hassan H.Joni Department of Civil Engineering UOTBaghdadIraq Department of Civil Engineering Diyala UniversityDiyalaIraq

Purpose-The experiments of this study investigated the effect of the subgrade degree of saturation on the value of the stresses generated on the surface and the middle(vertical and lateral stresses).The objectives of this study can be identified by studying the effect of subgrade layer degree of saturation variation,load amplitude and load frequency on the transmitted stresses through the ballast layer to the subgrade layer and the stress distribution inside it and investigating the excess pore water pressure development in the clay layer in the case of a fully saturated subgrade layer and the change in matric suction in the case of an unsaturated subgrade ***/methodology/approach-Thirty-six laboratory experiments were conducted using approximately half-scale replicas of real railways,with an iron box measuring 1.5×1.031.0 *** the box,a 0.5 m thick layer of clay soil representing the base layer was *** it is a 0.2 m thick ballast layer made of crushed stone,and on top of that is a 0.8 m long rail line supported by three 0.9 m(0.1×0.1 m)slipper *** subgrade layer has been built at the following various saturation levels:100,80,70 and 60%.Experiments were conducted with various frequencies of 1,2 and 4 Hz with load amplitudes of 15,25 and 35 ***-The results of the study demonstrated that as the subgrade degree of saturation decreased from 100 to 60%,the ratio of stress in the lateral direction to stress in the vertical direction generated in the middle of the subgrade layer decreased as *** average,this ratio changed from approximately 0.75 to approximately ***/value-The study discovered that as the test proceeded and the number of cycles increased,the value of negative water pressure(matric suction)in the case of unsaturated subgrade soils *** frequency of loads had no bearing on the ratio of decline in matric suction values,which was greater under a larger load amplitude than a lower *** the test progr

关键词： Subgrade clay Unsaturated Track Matric suction Stresses

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Stress distribution from railway track over geogrid reinforced ballast underlain by clay

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2019年第1期18卷 77-93页

作者： mohammed y.fattah Mahmood R.Mahmood mohammed F.Aswad Civil Engineering Department University of TechnologyBaghdad Iraq Civil Engineering Department University of TechnologyBaghdad IraqAssistant

Railway ballast forms a major component of a conventional rail track and is used to distribute the load to the subgrade, providing a smooth running surface for trains. It plays a significant role in providing support for the rail track base and distributing the load to the weaker layer underneath. Ballast also helps with drainage, which is an important factor for any type of transportation structure, including railroads. Over time, ballast progressively deforms and degrades under dynamic loading and loses its strength. In this study, extensive laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the effect of load amplitude, geogrid position, and number of geogrid layers, thickness of ballast layer and clay stiffness on the behavior of the reinforced ballast layer and induced strains in a geogrid. A half full-scale railway was constructed for carrying out the tests, which consisted of two rails 800 mm in length with three wooden sleepers(900 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm). Three ballast thicknesses of 200, 300 and 400 mm were used in the tests. The ballast was overlying 500 mm thickness clay in two states, soft and stiff. The tests were carried out with and without geogrid reinforcement; the tests were performed in a well-tied steel box of 1.5 m length ×1 m width ×1 m height. Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the response of the ballast and the clay layers where the ballast was reinforced by a geogrid. Settlement in ballast and clay, soil pressure and pore water pressure induced in the clay were measured in reinforced and unreinforced ballast cases. It was concluded that the amount of settlement increased as the simulated train load amplitude increased, and there was a sharp increase in settlement up to cycle 500. After that, there was a gradual increase that leveled out between, 2500 to 4500 cycles depending on the frequency used. There was a slight increase in the induced settlement when the load amplitude increased from 0.5 to 1 ton but it was higher when the load am

关键词： ballast geogrid reinforcement clay stress pore water pressure dynamic load

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Pile-clayey soil interaction analysis by boundary element method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2012年第1期4卷 28-43页

作者： mohammed y.fattah Kais T.Shlash Madhat S.M.Al-Soud Department of Building and Construction Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Department of Civil Engineering University of MustansiryahBaghdadIraq

This paper is an attempt to solve the soil-pile interaction problems using the boundary element method（BEM）.A computer package called PGroupN,which deals mainly with the analysis of the pile group problem,is employed in this *** studies are carried out to assess the impacts of the pile diameter,pile length,ratio of spacing to diameter and the thickness of soil *** external load is applied incrementally and,at each increment,a check is made that the stress state at the pile-soil interfaces does not violate the yield *** is achieved by specifying the limited stresses of the soil for the axial pile shaft capacity and end-bearing *** elements of the pile-soil interface yielded can take no additional load,and any increase in load is therefore redistributed between the remaining elements until all elements have ***,by successive application of loading increments,the entire load-displacement relationship for the pile group is *** is found that as the applied load reaches the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile group,all the piles will share the same amount of *** exception to this case is for the center pile in a group of 9 piles embedded in clay,which is not consistent with the behaviors of the other piles in the group even if the load reaches the ultimate *** the 4 piles group embedded in clay,the maximum load carried by the base does not exceed 8% of the load carried by each pile with different *** low percentage ascertains that the piles embedded in cohesive soils carry most of the load throughout their shafts.

关键词： pile foundations clayey soil pile-soil interaction boundary element method (BEM)

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Predicting Students’Final Performance Using Artificial Neural Networks

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2022年第4期5卷 294-301页

作者： Tarik Ahajjam mohammed Moutaib Haidar Aissa Mourad Azrour yousef Farhaoui mohammed fattah Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesMoulay Ismail UniversityErrachidia 52000Morocco IMAGE Laboratory Moulay Ismail UniversityMeknes 50000Morocco

Artificial Intelligence(AI)is based on algorithms that allow machines to make decisions for *** technology enhances the users’experience in various *** studies have been conducted in the field of education to solve the problem of student orientation and performance using various Machine Learning(ML)*** main goal of this article is to predict Moroccan students’performance in the region of Guelmim Oued Noun using an intelligent system based on neural networks,one of the best data mining techniques that provided us with the best results.

关键词： data science Artificial Intelligence(AI) Machine Learning(ML) neural networks prediction recommendation high school data analysis

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Application of Internet of Things in the Health Sector:Toward Minimizing Energy Consumption

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2022年第4期5卷 302-308页

作者： mohammed Moutaib Tarik Ahajjam mohammed fattah yousef Farhaoui Badraddine Aghoutane Moulhime El Bekkali IMAGE Laboratory Moulay Ismail UniversityMeknes 50000Morocco Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesMoulay Ismail UniversityErrachidia 52000Morocco IA Laboratory Faculty of ScienceMoulay Ismail UniversityMeknes 50000Morocco Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fes 30000Morocco

The Internet of Things(IoT)is currently reflected in the increase in the number of connected objects,that is,devices with their own identity and computing and communication *** is recognized as one of the most critical areas for future technologies,gaining worldwide *** applies to many areas,where it has achieved success,such as healthcare,where a patient is monitored using nodes and lightweight ***,the powerful functions of IoT in the medical field are based on communication,analysis,processing,and management of data autonomously without any manual intervention,which presents many difficulties,such as energy ***,these issues significantly slow down the development and rapid deployment of this *** main causes of wasted energy from connected objects include collisions that occur when two or more nodes send data simultaneously and the leading cause of data retransmission that occurs when a collision occurs or when data are not received correctly due to channel *** distance between nodes is one of the factors influencing energy *** this article,we have proposed direct communication between nodes to avoid collision domains,which will help reduce data *** results show that the distribution can ensure the performance of the system under general conditions compared to the centralization and to the existing works.

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) energy consumption cloud computing data storage

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Editorial

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2022年第4期5卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Farhaoui, yousef Bhushan, Bharat fattah, mohammed Aghoutane, Badraddine Faculty of Sciences and Technic Moulay Ismail University Morocco Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Technology (SET) Sharda University India Est Moulay Ismail University Morocco Fs Moulay Ismail University Morocco

In the current scenario,information technology is taking maximum benefits from the“Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things”.In order to get quality articles,we have circulated the call for paper to the researchers and academician and received numbers of quality ***,due to scope of special issue and review reports,we were able to add papers in this issue.

关键词： benefits quality technology

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Enhancing resource allocation in edge and fog-cloud computing with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2023年第4期4卷 273-279页

作者： Saad-Eddine Chafi younes Balboul mohammed fattah Said Mazer Moulhime El Bekkali the Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Data Sciences and Emerging SystemsNational School of Applied SciencesSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityFez 30000Morocco the LIA Laboratory Moulay Ismail UniversityMeknes 50050Morocco

Evolutionary algorithms have gained significant attention from researchers as effective solutions for various optimization *** Algorithm(GA)is widely popular due to its logical approach,broad applicability,and ability to tackle complex issues encountered in engineering ***,GA is known for its high implementation cost and typically requires a large number of *** the other hand,Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)is a relatively new heuristic technique inspired by the collective behaviors of real *** GA and PSO algorithms are prominent heuristic optimization methods that belong to the population-based approaches *** they are often seen as competitors,their efficiency heavily relies on the parameter values chosen and the specific optimization problem at *** this study,we aim to compare the runtime performance of GA and PSO algorithms within a cutting-edge edge and fog cloud *** extensive experiments and performance evaluations,the authors demonstrate the effectiveness of GA and PSO algorithms in improving resource allocation in edge and fog cloud computing scenarios using FogWorkflowSim *** comparative analysis sheds light on the strengths and limitations of each algorithm,providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field.

关键词： particle swarm optimization genetic algorithm performance evaluation edge and fog cloud FogWorkflowSim

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Antifouling evaluation of extracts from Red Sea soft corals against primary biofilm and biofouling

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第11期7卷 991-997页

作者： yosry Abdel Aziz Soliman Ahmed mohammed Brahim Ahmed Hussein Moustafa Mohamed Abdel fattah Hamed Marine Chemistry Lab. Marine Environment DivisionNational Institute of Oceanography and FisheriesSuezEgypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt

Objectives: To evaluate antifouling property of extracts from Red Sea soft corals against primary biofilm and ***: Seven species of soft corals Sarcophyton glaucum(a), Sinularia compressa,Sinularia cruciata(a), Heteroxenia fuscescens(a), Sarcophyton glaucum(b), Heteroxenia fuscescens(b) and Sinularia cruciata(b) were chosen to test their extracts as antibacterial and antifouling agents in Eastern Harbour of Alexandria, Mediterranean *** compounds of soft corals were extracted by using methanol and concentrated under vacuum. The residues of extracts were mixed in formulation of inert paint which consisted of rosin, chlorinated rubber and ferrous oxide against micro and macro fouling organisms. The formulated paints were then applied on PVC panels twice by brush,hanged in a steel frame and immersed in Eastern Harbour of Alexandria Mediterranean Sea followed by visual inspection and photographic ***: After 185 days of immersion in seawater, the antifouling results agreed with the antibacterial results where extracts of Sinularia compressa and Heteroxenia fuscescens(b) gave the best activity against marine fouling tubeworms and barnacles. The inhibition activity was correlated with the major functional groups(hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl,aliphatic(fatty acids), C]C of alkene or aromatic rings and CeC l of aryl halides) of the ***: The strong antifouling activity makes them promising candidates for new antifouling additives. After the screening and application of natural organic compounds from soft corals, marine organisms show activity against micro and macro fouling organisms.

关键词： Antibacterial Antifouling Paints Seawater Marine Organisms

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Spotted Hyena Optimizer Driven Deep Learning-Based Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction in Big Data Environment

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3831-3845页

作者： mohammed Jasim mohammed Jasim Shakir fattah Kak Zainab Salih Ageed Subhi R.M.Zeebaree Engineering College Al-Kitab UniversityKirkukIraq Information Technology Department Technical College of Informatics-AkreDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq Computer Science Department College of ScienceNawroz UniversityDuhokIraq Energy Engineering Department Technical College of EngineeringDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq

Nowadays,smart healthcare and biomedical research have marked a substantial growth rate in terms of their presence in the literature,computational approaches,and discoveries,owing to which a massive quantity of experimental datasets was published and generated(Big Data)for describing and validating such ***-drug interaction(DDI)significantly contributed to drug administration and *** continues as the main obstacle in offering inexpensive and safe *** normally happens for patients with extensive medication,leading them to take many drugs *** may cause side effects,either mild or severe health *** reduced victims’quality of life and increased hospital healthcare expenses by increasing their recovery *** efforts were made to formulate new methods for DDI prediction to overcome this *** this aspect,this study designs a new Spotted Hyena Optimizer Driven Deep Learning based Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction(SHODL-DDIP)model in a big data *** the presented SHODL-DDIP technique,the relativity and characteristics of the drugs can be identified from different sources for *** input data is preprocessed at the primary level to improve its ***,the salp swarm optimization algorithm(SSO)is used to select *** this study,the deep belief network(DBN)model is exploited to predict the DDI *** SHO algorithm is involved in improvising the DBN model’s predictive outcomes,showing the novelty of the *** experimental result analysis of the SHODL-DDIP technique is tested using drug databases,and the results signified the improvements of the SHODLDDIP technique over other recent models in terms of different performance measures.

关键词： Drug-drug interaction deep learning spotted hyena optimization feature selection classification

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