Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous systemic disease. Renal damage is rare but it can evolve to chronic renal failure (CRF). The aim of our work is to describe the clinical, paraclinical, histological and evo...
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Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous systemic disease. Renal damage is rare but it can evolve to chronic renal failure (CRF). The aim of our work is to describe the clinical, paraclinical, histological and evolutionary profile of renal involvement during sarcoidosis and to identify the progression factors leading to CRF. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study from January 2009 to December 2022. We collected the medical records of patients with sarcoidosis and renal involvement. To study the progression factors leading to CRF we identified two groups of patients: the group with normal renal function and the group that developed CRF. Results: We included in our study 17 patients with renal sarcoidosis. Their mean age was 45 ± 14.7 years and the sex ratio was 0.4. Renal involvement is revealing of sarcoidosis in 76% of cases. Renal failure was diagnosed in 88% of patients. Proteinuria was positive in 76.5% of cases, leukocyturia in 59% of patients and hematuria in 41% of patients. Renal biopsy was performed in 15 patients showing tubulointerstitial nephropathy in all biopsies. Epithelioid and gigan-to-cellular granuloma without caseous necrosis was found in 46% of cases. Associated glomerular involvement such as segmental and focal hyalinosis was found in 2 patients. Corticosteroid therapy was initiated in 88% of patients for a median duration of 15 months. Normalization of renal function was achieved in 41% of patients, while 59%, i.e. 10 patients, retained a CRF, including 2 who were on dialysis. We showed a statistically significant relationship between the evolution towards CRF and the presence of interstitial fibrosis > 25%. Conclusion: Despite its rarity, renal involvement can be revealing of sarcoidosis, which can condition the prognosis and lead to CRF. Its detection allows an early diagnosis and treatment.
Background: Chronic haemodialysis patients present a lack of immunity responsible for a high incidence of tuberculosis of atypical and non-pulmonary localizations. Observation: We present a clinical case of a haemodia...
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Background: Chronic haemodialysis patients present a lack of immunity responsible for a high incidence of tuberculosis of atypical and non-pulmonary localizations. Observation: We present a clinical case of a haemodialysis patient that presents an isolated localisation of prostate tuberculosis. He had no clinical signs but had laboratory findings of inflammatory syndrome and high Prostatic Antigen (PSA) level. The diagnosis was made by histopathologic study of the piece of prostatectomy. The patient received a six-month treatment with an initial two-month phase involving four anti-tuberculosis drugs (Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol and Pyrazinamid) followed by a four-month maintenance phase involving two drugs (Isoniazid and Rifampicin). all drugs were adapted to his dialysis condition. We noticed no side effects of drugs. Conclusion: Clinical signs of prostatic tuberculosis are not specific, mainly made of an obstructive symptom. The diagnosis of prostatic tuberculosis is based on a bundle of clinical and biological arguments. Koch Bacilli (KB) can rarely be found in urine or sperm. In haemodialysis patient, it can be masked by non specific aspect of inflammatory syndrome. The management must be adjusted and a close following up of side effects is necessary.
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