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EECLP: AWireless sensor Networks Energy Efficient Cross-Layer Protocol

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2611-2631页

作者： mohammed Kaddi mohammed Omari Moamen Alnatoor LDDI Laboratory University of AdrarAdrar01000Algeria Computer science and Engineering Department School of EngineeringAmerican University of Ras Al KhaimahRas Al Khaimah72603United Arab Emirates

Recent advancements in wireless communications have allowed the birth of novel wireless sensor networks(WsN).A sensor network comprises several micro-sensors deployed randomly in an area of interest.A micro-sensor is provided with an energy resource to supply electricity to all of its ***,the disposed energy resource is limited and battery replacement is generally *** this restriction,the sensors must conserve energy to prolong their *** energy conservation strategies for WsNs have been presented in the literature,from the application to the physical *** of these solutions focus only on optimizing a single layer in terms of energy *** this research,a novel cross-layer technique for WsNs’effective energy usage is *** most energy consumption factors exist in the Medium Access Control(MAC)layer and network layer,our EECLP protocol(Energy Efficient Cross-Layer Protocol for Wireless sensor Networks)integrates these two layers to satisfy energy efficiency *** gain access to the transmission channel,we implement a communication regime at the MAC layer based on CsMA/CA(Carrier sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance)***,depending on the activity and a standby period,we employ the RTs/CTs(Request to send/Clear to send)method to prevent collisions and resolve hidden node concerns by utilizing the network allocation vector(NAV)to calculate the transmission *** a greedy strategy,we establish chains amongst cluster members to mitigate the issue of high energy consumption in routing *** objective function was utilized to determine the optimal cross-chain path based on the distances to the base station(Bs)and residual energy(RE).The simulation,testing,and comparison of the proposed protocol to peer protocols have shown superior outcomes and a prolonged network *** the suggested protocol,the network lifetime increases by 10%compared to fAMACO(fuzzy and Ant Col

关键词： WsN energy consumption MAC layer network layer EECLP energy-efficient lifespan

smartphone-Based Wi-fi Analysis for Bus Passenger Counting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 875-907页

作者： mohammed Alatiyyah Department of Computer science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia

In the contemporary era of technological advancement,smartphones have become an indispensable part of individuals’daily lives,exerting a pervasive *** paper presents an innovative approach to passenger countingonbuses throughthe analysis ofWi-fi signals emanating frompassengers’mobile *** study seeks to scrutinize the reliability of digital Wi-fi environments in predicting bus occupancy levels,thereby addressing a crucial aspect of public *** proposed system comprises three crucial elements:signal capture,data filtration,and the calculation and estimation of passenger *** pivotal findings reveal that the system demonstrates commendable accuracy in estimating passenger counts undermoderate-crowding conditions,with an average deviation of 20%from the ground truth and an accuracy rate ranging from 90%to 100%.This underscores its efficacy in scenarios characterized by moderate levels of ***,in densely crowded conditions,the system exhibits a tendency to overestimate passenger numbers,occasionally doubling the actual *** acknowledging the need for further research to enhance accuracy in crowded conditions,this study presents a pioneering avenue to address a significant concern in public *** implications of the findings are poised to contribute substantially to the enhancement of bus operations and service quality.

关键词： Public transportation digital environment passenger estimation signal capturing Wi-fi

Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization,and adsorption performance

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 339-347页

作者： Njood R.Azeez suhaib s.salih mohammed Kadhom Harith N.mohammed Tushar K.Ghosh Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tikrit Department of Environmental science College of Energy and Environmental Science Al-Karkh University of Science Department of Nuclear science & Engineering Institute University of Missouri-Columbia

Zinc and cadmium pollutants cause a significant environmental effect that cannot be ignored. Due to their considerable amount in an aqueous environment, industries are seeking suitable adsorbents that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive for removing metals from wastewater before disposing of them in surface waters. This research employed original MXene(MX) and chitosan-modified MXene(CsMX) to extract zinc(Zn(Ⅱ)) and cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ)) metal ions from water-based solutions. The composite material produced was analyzed using techniques such as X-ray Diffraction(XRD), scanning Electron Microscopy(sEM), fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(fTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The effects of contact duration, p H of the solution, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto both MX and CsMX composites were investigated. MX and prepared CsMX composite presented a high adsorption capacity for both studied heavy metals, which were 91.55 and 73.82 mg/g for Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto MX, 106.84 and 93.07 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) onto CsMX composite, respectively. furthermore, the maximum competitive adsorption capacities for Zn(Ⅱ) onto MX and CsMX composites are 77.29 and 93.47 mg/g, and for are Cd(Ⅱ)60.30 and 79.66 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the removal capacities for both single and competitive metal ions were superior to CsMX composite. However, the adsorption capacities after five successive regeneration sequences were only dropped by 13.2% for Zn(Ⅱ) and 17.4% for Cd(Ⅱ) onto the CsMX composite compared to the first cycle. These results confirm that both metals could be efficiently terminated from wastewater, which makes the prepared CsMX composite a favorable candidate adsorbent in practical applications.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan MXene Zn(II) Cd(II) Wastewater

Threshold-Based software-Defined Networking(sDN)solution for Healthcare systems against Intrusion Attacks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1469-1483页

作者： Laila M.Halman mohammed J.f.Alenazi Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The healthcare sector holds valuable and sensitive *** amount of this data and the need to handle,exchange,and protect it,has been increasing at a fast *** to their nature,software-defined networks(sDNs)are widely used in healthcare systems,as they ensure effective resource utilization,safety,great network management,and *** this sector,due to the value of thedata,sDNs faceamajor challengeposed byawide range of attacks,such as distributed denial of service(DDos)and probe *** attacks reduce network performance,causing the degradation of different key performance indicators(KPIs)or,in the worst cases,a network failure which can threaten human *** can be significant,especially with the current expansion of portable healthcare that supports mobile and wireless devices for what is called mobile health,or *** this study,we examine the effectiveness of using sDNs for defense against DDos,as well as their effects on different network KPIs under various *** propose a threshold-based DDos classifier(TBDC)technique to classify DDos attacks in healthcare sDNs,aiming to block traffic considered a hazard in the form of a DDos *** then evaluate the accuracy and performance of the proposed TBDC *** technique shows outstanding performance,increasing the mean throughput by 190.3%,reducing the mean delay by 95%,and reducing packet loss by 99.7%relative to normal,with DDos attack traffic.

关键词： Network resilience network management attack prediction software defined networking(sDN) distributed denial of service(DDos) healthcare

A hydrodynamic modelling of wave-activated bodies for wavelet marine regions

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： J.s.Peh mohammed W.Muhieldeen N.H.shuaib Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTechnology&Built EnvironmentUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur56000Malaysia MTC Engineer sdn.Bhd Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia

Recently,most wave energy research has targeted sea areas with high power density under extreme wave conditions for *** trend often leads to higher energy costs for wave power ***,many marine areas with low power density,characterized by wavelet conditions and less destructive forces than extreme wave conditions,remain ***,this study aimed to propose a wave-activated body model for sea regions with wavelet *** wave-activated body design process encompassed site selection,parameter determination,geometry design,comparison and performance evaluation using the ANsYs®AQWA *** results indicated that the proposed device achieved the desired heave motion,with an amplitude range of 1.2 to-2.5 m,validating its potential for deployment in marine regions with wavelet ***,while the proposed design is optimized for wavelet conditions,it was found to have potential limitations in extreme wave *** observation emphasizes the challenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both ***,it is pivotal for wave-activated body designs to be customized based on the specific ocean conditions they target,underscoring the need for specialized designs of wave energy converters that consider the unique wave characteristics of their deployment sites.

关键词： wave energy converter south China sea renewable and sustainable energy wavelet ANsYs AQWA hydrodynamic wave-activated bodies

Nodule Detection Using Local Binary Pattern features to Enhance Diagnostic Decisions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3377-3390页

作者： Umar Rashid Arfan Jaffar Muhammad Rashid mohammed s.Alshuhri sheeraz Akram faculty of Computer science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Lahore54600Pakistan Department of Computer science National University of TechnologyIslamabad45000Pakistan Department of Radiological sciences and Medical Imaging College of AppliedMedical SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia Information systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia

Pulmonary nodules are small, round, or oval-shaped growths on the lungs. They can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The size of a nodule can range from a few millimeters to a few centimeters in diameter. Nodules may be found during a chest X-ray or other imaging test for an unrelated health problem. In the proposed methodology pulmonary nodules can be classified into three stages. firstly, a 2D histogram thresholding technique is used to identify volume segmentation. An ant colony optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal threshold value. secondly, geometrical features such as lines, arcs, extended arcs, and ellipses are used to detect oval shapes. Thirdly, Histogram Oriented surface Normal Vector (HOsNV) feature descriptors can be used to identify nodules of different sizes and shapes by using a scaled and rotation-invariant texture description. smart nodule classification was performed with the XGBoost classifier. The results are tested and validated using the Lung Image Consortium Database (LICD). The proposed method has a sensitivity of 98.49% for nodules sized 3–30 mm.

关键词： Pulmonary nodules segmentation histogram thresholding

Integrated photonic fractional convolution accelerator

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1828-1839页

作者： KEVIN ZELAYA mohammed-ALI MIRI Department of Physics Queens College of the City University of New YorkQueensNew York 11367USA Physics Program The Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNew York 10016USA

An integrated photonic circuit architecture to perform a modified-convolution operation based on the discrete fractional fourier transform(DfrfT) is introduced. This is accomplished by utilizing two nonuniformly coupled waveguide lattices with equally spaced eigenmode spectra, the lengths of which are chosen so that the DfrfT and its inverse operations are achieved. A programmable modulator array is interlaced so that the required fractional convolution operation is performed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed architecture can effectively perform smoothing and edge detection tasks even for noisy input signals, which is further verified by electromagnetic wave simulations. Notably, mild lattice defects do not jeopardize the architecture performance, showing its resilience to manufacturing errors.

关键词： fractional convolution utilizing

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Numerical investigation of the effects of soil-structure and granular material-structure interaction on the seismic response of a flat-bottom reinforced concrete silo

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 609-623页

作者： sonia Benkhellat mohammed Kadri Abdelghani seghir Laboratory of solid Mechanics and systems University of M’Hamed BougaraBoumerdes 35000Algeria Laboratory of Geomaterials Environment and DevelopmentUniversity of M’Hamed BougaraBoumerdes 35000Algeria Research Laboratory of Applied Hydraulics and Environment Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of BejaiaBejaia 06000Algeria

In this work,a numerical study of the effects of soil-structure interaction(ssI)and granular material-structure interaction(GsI)on the nonlinear response and seismic capacity of flat-bottomed storage silos is conducted.A series of incremental dynamic analyses(IDA)are performed on a case of large reinforced concrete silo using 10 seismic *** IDA results are given by two average IDA capacity curves,which are represented,as well as the seismic capacity of the studied structure,with and without a consideration of the ssI while accounting for the effect of *** curves are used to quantify and evaluate the damage of the studied silo by utilizing two damage indices,one based on dissipated energy and the other on displacement and dissipated *** cumulative energy dissipation curves obtained by the average IDA capacity curves with and without ssI are presented as a function of the base shear,and these curves allow one to obtain the two critical points and the different limit states of the *** is observed that the ssI and GsI significantly influence the seismic response and capacity of the studied structure,particularly at higher levels of ***,the effect of the ssI reduces the damage index of the studied structure by 4%.

关键词： reinforced concrete silo perfectly matched layers soil-structure interaction granular material-structure interaction effective seismic input method damage index

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synthetic polymers:A review of applications in drilling fluids

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Petroleum science 2024年第1期21卷 475-518页

作者： shadfar Davoodi mohammed Al-shargabi David A.Wood Valeriy s.Rukavishnikov Konstantin M.Minaev school of Earth sciences&Engineering Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityLenin AvenueTomskRussia DWA Energy Limited LincolnUnited Kingdom

With the growth of deep drilling and the complexity of the well profile,the requirements for a more complete and efficient exploitation of productive formations increase,which increases the risk of various ***,reagents based on modified natural polymers(which are naturally occurring compounds)and synthetic polymers(sPs)which are polymeric compounds created industrially,are widely used to prevent emerging complications in the drilling ***,compared to modified natural polymers,sPs form a family of high-molecular-weight compounds that are fully synthesized by undergoing chemical polymerization *** provide substantial flexibility in their ***,their size and chemical composition can be adjusted to provide properties for nearly all the functional objectives of drilling *** can be classified based on chemical ingredients,type of reaction,and their responses to ***,some of sPs,due to their structural characteristics,have a high cost,a poor temperature and salt resistance in drilling fluids,and degradation begins when the temperature reaches 130℃.These drawbacks prevent sP use in some medium and deep ***,this review addresses the historical development,the characteristics,manufacturing methods,classification,and the applications of sPs in drilling *** contributions of sPs as additives to drilling fluids to enhance rheology,filtrate generation,carrying of cuttings,fluid lubricity,and clay/shale stability are explained in *** mechanisms,impacts,and advances achieved when sPs are added to drilling fluids are also *** typical challenges encountered by sPs when deployed in drilling fluids and their advantages and drawbacks are also *** issues also impact the applications of sPs in drilling ***,the cost of the most relevant sPs,and the monomers used in their synthesis,are *** impacts of sPs when deployed in drilling fluids,and t

关键词： synthetic versus natural polymers Nanopolymers Drilling fluid additives Lubricity Clay swelling Hole cleaning

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