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Vasodilator response to <i>Psidium guajave</i>leaves of mesenteric bed vessels from diabetic and non-diabetic rats

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2014年第1期4卷 6-11页

作者： Habeib Zaheri Golam Reza Farshidfar Nepton Soltani Fatemah Kharazmi mohammad Kamalinajad Department of Biochemistery Faculty of Medicine Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Biology Faculty of Science Shahid Bahonar University Kermam Iran Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Shahid Bahashti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Research Center for Molecular Medicine Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran

Mortality from cardiovascular abnormalities is almost three times more prevalent in the diabetic population than that in the general population. Psidium guajave has been used traditionally for a long time as a medicinal herb to cure diabetes. Endothelial dependent vasorelaxation effect of Psidium guajave extract on normal aortic rings was observed. This study was designed to investigate the endothelium and nitric oxide roles inPGE-induced vasorelaxation in diabetic rat vessel. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Eight weeks later, superior mesenteric arteries of non-diabetic and diabetic groups were isolated and perfused according to the McGregor method. Prepared vascular beds were constricted with phenylephrine to induce 70% - 75% of maximal constriction. Psidium guajave extract at concentrations of 0.1 to 4 mg/100ml added to the medium and perfusion pressure was recorded. Baseline perfusion pressure of diabetic group was significantly higher than non-diabetic rats in both intact and denuded endothelium. Psidium guajave extract caused a significantly dose depended decrease in perfusion pressure in non-diabetic and diabetic groups in both intact and denuded endothelium. In the presence of N (ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, Psidium guajave ex-tractinduced relaxation in intact mesenteric beds of non-diabetic and diabetic animals was not suppressed. From the results of this study, it may be concluded that vasorelaxatory effect of Psidium guajave extract is not mediated by endothelium and nitric oxide in both diabetic and non-diabetic vessel and supports the use of the plant’s leaves as a natural, adjunct phytomedicine in the management of diabetes vessel complications.

关键词： Psidium guajave Linn Extract Diabetes Mellitus Mesenteric Bed Vasorelaxation Nitric Oxide

Protective Effect of Curcumin on Anxiety, Learning Behavior, Neuromuscular Activities, Brain Neurotransmitters and Oxidative Stress Enzymes in Cadmium Intoxicated Mice

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第1期3卷 74-84页

作者： Gasem M. Abu-Taweel Jamaan S. Ajarem mohammad Ahmad Department of Biology College of Education Dammam University Dammam Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Surgical Nursing College of Nursing King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Cadmium (Cd) exposure can induce acute lethal health-related threats to humans since it has an exceptional ability to accumulate in living organisms and cause toxicological effects. Curcumin (Cur) on the other hand has a wide variety of biological activities and several animal studies have suggested for a potential therapeutic or preventive effects against several ailments and infections. To study the effect of Cur on the toxicity of Cd, sixty Swiss-Webster strain male mice were divided into 6 groups of ten each at random. Group-1 served as the na?ve control and received no treatment. Group-2, 3 and 4 were the experimental controls and were administered once a day with a single oral dose of 50% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), Cur (300 mg/kg) or Cd (100 mg/kg) respectively, for 2 weeks. Group-5 and 6 received Cur and Cd in combination once a day orally for 2 weeks except that Cur in a dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg to group 5 and 6 respectively, was administered one hour before Cd (100 mg/kg) administration to both groups. After treatment period, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests and thereafter, the animals were sacrificed for the estimation of neurotransmitters like serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and it’s metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) as well as oxidative stress enzymes like lipid peroxides in the form of thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances (TBARS) and total glutathione (GSH) in the forebrain tissue. Cd reduced significantly the body weight gain, the locomotor activity, anxiety behavior in the plus maze and the learning capability (cognitive effect) in the shuttle-box test. Biochemical analysis further revealed that Cd exposure significantly altered the brain neurotransmitters and the oxidative stress enzymes. However, administration of Cur along with Cd had an ameliorating effect on all the behavioral and biochemical parameters studied herein and reduced the toxicity of Cd significantly and dose-dependently. Thus, Cur may be beneficial

关键词： Curcumin Cadmium Male Mice Anxiety Cognitive Behaviors Neurotransmitters Oxidative Stress

Artificial Neural Network Modeling Enhancing Shear Wave Transit Time Prediction

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 85-85页

作者： mohammad Nabaei Arash Shadravan Khalil Shahbazi Islamic Azad University of Omidieh(YRC) No.8Kargar St.Abadeh Petroleum University of Technology

Sonic log is the most versatile reservoir evaluation tool that has been introduced to the industry. Compaction,erosion and over pressurized zone can be evaluated by sonic *** primary porosity can be determined from compressional sonic wave transit time and secondary porosity will be calculated by comparing sonic derived porosity log with neutron and density based porosity *** the other hand all of the rock mechanical properties can be evaluated using simultaneous use of compressional and shear sonic wave transit *** is essential to have

关键词： sonic velocity geomechnical modeling Artificial Neural Networks

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国际社会对伊朗经济制裁的合法性问题研究

国际社会对伊朗经济制裁的合法性问题研究

作者：穆罕默德（mohammad Pirvali）北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

现代国际经济制裁是对其他国家施以压力或威胁的重要方式,其主要目在于借用政治或法律惩罚而迫使其他国家改变其政策。就伊朗核问题而言,联合国、欧盟和美国在最近几年通过实施各种各样的制裁措施,不仅将伊朗的经济推向崩溃的边缘,还促... 详细信息

现代国际经济制裁是对其他国家施以压力或威胁的重要方式,其主要目在于借用政治或法律惩罚而迫使其他国家改变其政策。就伊朗核问题而言,联合国、欧盟和美国在最近几年通过实施各种各样的制裁措施,不仅将伊朗的经济推向崩溃的边缘,还促生了许多非人道的事件。从国际法律角度进行分析,作者认为对伊朗的制裁违反了国际法,是政治霸权的又一充分体现。本篇论文除了前言之外,主体部分共分为四部分：第一部分,简单阐释了伊朗国际经济制裁的基本概念、形成以及历史发展,同时还简要地概述了国际经济制裁的种类。第二部分,从国际法的角度来全面探究国际社会就伊朗伊斯兰共和国实施经济制裁是否具有合法性以及公平性。本部分主要包括：第一,联合国对伊朗制裁的合法性理论分析、法律依据、制裁程序及联合国制裁与人道主义的关系。第三部分,以美国和欧盟为代表的其他单方或多方制裁的合法性理论分析、法律依据及其他相关问题的研究。通过研究每一种制裁的实施方式,分析每一过程的合法性状况,我们可以了解到诸多国际法中关于国际制裁的规则。本文将以不同的制裁实施方为标准进行分类,然后根据相关的法律规定展开研究。其中美国的制裁和其他类似的制裁,无论其国内法律如何规定,都存在许多同国际法,特别是联合国宪章相冲突的地方。第四部分,本文从多个角度全面探究国际制裁对第三国生产在的具体影响。国际制裁不但会直接影响到被制裁的国家,而且会间接影响到很多其他国家。因此,鉴于中国是世界上第二大经济体,而且是伊朗最大的贸易伙伴国家,所以对伊朗实施制裁对中国也大有影响,例如美国对伊经济制裁严重影响中伊两国石油、天然气及附属产品贸易,导致中国政府不得不改变现有能源战略。另外,本文的最后介绍了中国政府对伊朗制裁的立场。

关键词：联合国宪章美国制裁经济制裁国际法人道主义

Post Cholecystectomy Diarrhoea—A Systematic Review

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Surgical Science 2012年第6期3卷 332-338页

作者： mohammad Reza Farahmandfar Mohsen Chabok Michael Alade Amina Bouhelal Bijendra Patel Department of Surgery Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London Barts and Royal London Hospitals London UK Department of Surgery Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of London Barts and Royal London Hospitals London UK Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital London UK

Introduction: Post-cholecystectomy diarrhoea (PCD) is probably the most distressing postoperative non-pain symptom. Its nature is not fully understood. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence, aetiology, predisposing factors and management of PCD from the past study reports. Methods: We conducted a wide ranged review of published literature on PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane library without any time limitation. Results: Twenty five studies were included. The prevalence of PCD was 9.1% (302/3306) with no significant difference between genders. The prevalence of bile acid malabsorption (BAM), the most important suggested aetiological factor, was seen in 65.5% (36/55) patients with PCD. There were no obvious predisposing factors. We found 92% (23/25) of patients with PCD responded to cholestyramine therapy. The cure rate for cholecystectomy on preoperative cholegenic diarrhoea was 54.5% (121/222). The prevalence of post-cholecystectomy new onset constipation was 7.9% (78/987). Conclusion: The aetiology of PCD is unknown and appears to be multifactorial. The BAM prevalence was only 65.5%, however 92% of PCD patients responded to cholestyramine therapy suggesting that cholestyramine therapy could also have curative effect on other unknown aetiological factors related to bile metabolism. The complexity of the aetiology of PCD is more projected by considering the curative effect of cholecystectomy on preoperative cholegenic diarrhoea, and the occurrence of post-cholecystectomy new onset constipation. However, the relationship between cholecystectomy and PCD is an undeniable fact.

关键词： Diarrh Cholecystectomy Bile Acid Malabsorption

A Study on the Feasibility of Total Quality Management Model and the Awareness and Attitude of the Managers of Health Care

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Health 2015年第2期7卷 231-237页

作者： Fereshteh Farzianpour Kazem mohammad Abbas Rahimi Foroushani Samira Alirezaei Fatemeh Manafi Department of Health Management and Economics School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Health Management and Information Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Total Quality Management is not just an admirable phenomenon but it is any client’s right and can be done through contribution of the staff and the managers as well as the client’s of an organization. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of TQM model and the attitude of the managers of health field of Yazd medical sciences university towards it. The present study was a descriptive and analytical one which was cross-section ally conducted from 2010 to 2011. The population under study consisted of the managers of the unit of staff vice-chancellor for health and treatment, the managers of health system and centers of cities and also the managers of Yazd’s public hospitals. 64 people were chosen using the formula for calculating the number of samples. A questionnaire with 48 questions was used. The questionnaire’s validity was approved by the faculty members whose major is management and its reliability by using α-cronbach 87%. To analyze the data, the software SPSS V.17 was used. Scoring method was based on likert. The findings of the study show that, considering feasibility of TQM, there is a significant relation between the awareness and attitude of the managers of health and treatment field on one side and the variables, age and University degree, on the other side p = 0.001. Considering binary logistic regression and the results obtained in the form of inter and backward stepwise, the most important factors affecting the feasibility of TQM among the managers of health and treatment field are the level of awareness and attitude with the predicted accuracy 79.3% and 87.9% respectively.

关键词： Feasibility Total Quality Management Model Awareness Attitude Managers of Health Field

Helping Meet Reproductive Health Needs in Pakistan through a Client-centred Approach

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2006年第3期17卷 146-157页

作者： Ali mohammad Zeba. A. Sathar Seemin Ashfaq Minhaj ul Haque Population Association of pakistan Islamabad Pakiston

Objective To test the feasibility of training clinic and facility based providers from the Health and Population Welfare Departments. Methods District Sargodha in Punjab province in Pakistan was selected for carrying out the project as it fulfilled the criteria of being a median district with generally similar characteristics as the rest of the country. A quasi-experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of the training programs. Two rounds of situation analyses were carried out both pre and post intervention. Results There was a positive attitudinal change in providers in the intervention areas as compared with the control sites. From a list of indicators it was seen that clinic based static providers considered it important to enquire who were the main decision makers were in the family, 60% in intervention versus 49 % in control, and if the client can persuade other members of the family to assist in solving her reproductive health needs, 19% in intervention and 3% in control. In case of community based providers, as compared with 16% in the control site, 76% in the intervention area considered seeking permission for examination to be important. They also felt that enquiring about the welfare of other family members was also necessary, 50% in intervention and 34% in control. Conclusion Training of providers could lead to attitudinal and behavioural changes that can help clients meet their reproductive health needs, and the intervention is feasible and replicable.

关键词： intervention client-centered reproductive health

The Effectiveness of Driver Education and Information Programs in the State of Nevada

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2015年第1期5卷 1-13页

作者： Alexander Paz David Copeland Pankaj Maheshwari Kris Gunawan mohammad Soroush Tafazzoli Transportation Research Center University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of Psychology University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Nevada Las Vegas USA

According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, pedestrian and driver crashes are increasing at an alarming rate due to technological advancements and human errors. There is a need to improve existing driver education programs to mitigate the chances of crashes. The objectives of this research were 1) to examine the quality of Nevada’s driver education by evaluating the effectiveness of its programs, and 2) to provide recommendations to improve driving education in Nevada based on the results from this study. Two different surveys were conducted in Clark County, Southern Nevada. The first survey focused on assessing the strengths and limitations of the current Driver Education Programs in Nevada by capturing the opinions and attitudes of those who went through the process as teenagers. The second survey focused on driver safety through the involvement of pedestrians on the road. These surveys and the corresponding statistical analysis as well as the exiting literature have provided insights to improve driving education. The corresponding recommendations were organized into seven major categories: 1) lack of rigor of online driver education, 2) interactive learning and technology, 3) follow-up exams, 4) practice/training at home, 5) collecting information about crashes, 6) pedestrians, and 7) additional emphasis. Finally, due to the dangers of driving distractions (texting and calling on the cell phone) and impairments (driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs), more emphasis on these topics—as well as more public announcements through billboards, television commercials, and magazines— can help to constantly remind drivers about having good driving habits.

关键词： Driver Education Driving Distractions Interactive Learning Techniques Statistical Analysis Driver and Pedestrian Interactions

ROLE OF ACULASER THERAPY IN CEREBRAL PALSY CHILDERN (INITIAL DATA & RESULTS)

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 2004年第1期14卷 18-25页

作者： Shahzad Anwar Malik mohammad Nadeem Khan Imtiaz Ahmed Abid Hareef Awan Anwar Shah's First C.P.& Paralysis Clinic and Research Center Children Hospital & Institute of Child HealthSheikh Zayed HospitalAnwar Shah's First C.P.& Paralysis Clinic and Research Center 17 C Main Boulevard Faisal Town LahoreLahoreLahore Pakistan 17 C Main Boulevard Faisal Town Lahore

A single, open and non-comparative study was conducted at Anwar Shah’s First C.P. & Paralysis Clinic and Research Center to evaluate the effects of Aculaser (acupoint-laser) Therapy for children suffering from cerebral palsy (CP) of various types. These children were further classified according to their major complaints. Analysis of the data indicated that 11 children with severe spasticity and stiffness all showed marked improvement (100% success rate); of the 8 children with epileptic fits, 6 patients had a significant reduction in the intensity, frequency and duration of epileptic fits, while the rest 2 cases showed no any improvement or aggravation (75% success rate); out of 5 children with cortical blindness, 2 cases showed complete recovery of vision and 3 had marked improvement (40% cure rate); out of 4 children with hearing difficulties, 2 showed marked improvement (50% success rate); out of 14 children with aphasis, 8 showed improvement (57% improvement rate). Results of this study show that Aculaser Therapy has a high improvement rate of CP children, not only improving the spasticity and stiffness but also the cortical blindness, epilepsy, deafness and speech.

关键词： Infantile cerebral palsy Acupoint-laser therapy Clinical observation